Biology Semester I Final Exam Review
Ecology
1. Be able to read and interpret graphs and provide possible explanations for what the graph is showing.
2. Be able to describe the different types of interactions between and among organisms.
3. Describe factors that affect population sizes for a single species as well as for two or more interacting species.
(interspecific and intraspecific competition, predator prey, habitat disruption)
4. Be able to compare a terrestrial food web to a marine food web and identify the producers and consumers
5. Describe how disruptions in one part of a food chain or web affect other parts of the chain or web, as well as the overall
effect on biodiversity.
6. Be able to read a food web and describe how the energy is transferred through it.
7. Describe the biogeochemical cycles and how they would be affected if a part of the cycle is disrupted.
8. Explain how some nutrients can be considered limiting factors in plants, specifically nitrogen and phosphorous. Give an
example of how some plants may develop adaptations that helps them be less affected by these limiting factors, e.g.
legumes and bacteria
Biochemistry
1. Know the four classes of organic macromolecules.
2. Be able to state the functions of each of these groups of molecules (be sure to include enzymes!)
3. Be able to describe what environmental factors may affect the functioning of each of the classes of organic
macromolecules. (specifically proteins and enzymes)
4. Be able to use data to identify how the environment affects the functioning of certain classes of organic molecules.
Cells: Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, and viruses
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Be able to identify models representing prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as viruses.
Be able to articulate in writing the similarities and differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes and viruses.
Be able to state what features are unique to prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses.
Be able to determine how a person would be able to identify a plant or animal, bacterial cell or viral particle while
looking at a model or microscopic view.
5. Be able to describe the structure and function of each organelle.
6. Describe how the endosymbiosis theory provides evidence that supports how eukaryotic may have arisen.
Energy Transfer
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Be able to write the equation for photosynthesis
Be able to identify the equation for photosynthesis
Be able to identify the energy transformation during the process of photosynthesis
Be able to identify the reactants for photosynthesis and where each of these reactants come from.
Be able to identify the products of photosynthesis and how each is used.
Be able to write the equation for cellular respiration
Be able to identify the equation for cellular respiration.
Be able to identify the energy transformation during the process of cellular respiration.
Be able to identify the reactants for cellular respiration and where each of these reactants comes from.
Be able to identify the products of cellular respiration and how each is used.
Be able to articulate in writing how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are linked to each other.
Be able to identify in which organelles each of these processes occurs.
Using graphic representation be able to determine if an organism uses aerobic or anaerobic respiration.
Describe how energy is obtained by plants and transferred to other living things.
Membrane Transport: Osmosis, Diffusion, Active Transport
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Be able to describe in writing the process of diffusion (simple and facilitated), osmosis and active transport.
Be able to describe the similarities and differences between diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.
Be able to determine which process is represented when given a model/diagram.
Be able to describe bulk transport: endocytosis and exocytosis
State when and/or why cells use bulk transport.
Be able to explain how surface area to volume ratio affects diffusion rates.
Explain how surface area and volume are related to each other with regards to cell size.
Be able to compare two solutions and determine in which direction substances will move.
Be able to determine if a solution is hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic to another solution.
Be able to describe how cells obtain oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide in organisms such as reptiles, amphibians,
mammals, insects and plants.
11. Describe how cells maintain homeostasis.