1. “Welcome to the Dungeness National Wildlife Refuge Homepage." Welcome to the
Dungeness National Wildlife Refuge Homepage. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.fws.gov/washingtonmaritime/dungeness/>.
The Dungeness National Wildlife Refuge is located along the North coast of the Olympic
Peninsula in Clallam County. The President Woodrow Wilson established this Refuge on Jan 20,
1915. Established for a refuge, preserve, and breeding grounds for native birds. The refuge
currently consists of 636 acres including a sand spit, second-class tidelands and bay.
2. "COASST." COASST. Web. 18 Nov. 2014. <http://depts.washington.edu/coasst/>.”
COASST is a citizen science project of the University of Washington in partnership with state,
tribal and federal agencies, environmental organizations, and community groups. Realizing the
pressing needs of marine resources management, coastal conservation, and the need for good
science and a stewardship ethic among citizens.
3. "OR&R's Marine Debris Program | Marine Debris Is Everyone's Problem." OR&R's Marine
Debris Program | Marine Debris Is Everyone's Problem. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.
<http://marinedebris.noaa.gov/>.
The NOAA Marine Debris Program envisions the global ocean and its coasts, users, and
inhabitants free from the impacts of marine debris. Our mission is to investigate and solve the
problems that stem from marine debris, in order to protect and conserve our nations marine
environment, natural resources, industries, economy, and people.
4. "Interview with Rod." Personal interview. 11 2014.”
I learned from Rod a little bit about him and his wife, where they came from and where they both
worked. Why he donates his time to the Refuge and how he feels about my project and how he
can either help me with it or teach me new things i don’t know.
5. Connelley, Beth, "Beach Survey." Personal interview. 11 2014.
Beth had told us not much about our project we are working on but she did tell me a lot about
herself and where she was from she is from Florida and moved to Seattle not long ago to help with
COASST she showed me a little bit of things about the different seaweeds and that also when
seaweed is put into fresh water it will lose its pigmentation.
6. Ebbesmeyer, Curtis C. "Tsunami Debris Arrives in America." Beachcombers' Alert! 16.4 (2012):
10. Print.
On March11, 2011, a magnitude nine earthquake devastated northern Japan. The subsequent
tsunami inundated approximately 3 hundred miles of coastline. According to various media sources,
the main mass of the debris field would arrive in America after two years or so, a prediction which
lulled coastal communities into thinking they had time to prepare action plans for dealing with the
possibility of massive debris arriving on their beaches.
7. Parrish, Julia, ed. "Strait." COASTAL OBSERVATIN AND SEABRIRD SURVEY TEAM REPORTS 11-13
Reports 11-13.Reports 11-13 (2014): 47. Print.
Of the large 583 large Grebes found this biennium, 53% are unknown to species because of the
slight distinction between Western and Clark’s Grebes. Long sandy extensions like “the spit”
(Dungeness Spit) and “the hook” (Ediz Hook) predictably “catch” carcasses, including rare inside
waters finds: a Sooty Shearwater found by Pat MacRobbie and Clare Hatler in May 2012 on Ediz
Hook and a Black- bellied Plover found by Rod Norvell and Dow Lambert on Dungeness Spit Mile 4-5
in June 2012.
8. Steelquist, Robbert. "Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary." Olympic Coast National Marine
Sanctuary. NOAA, n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015.
You can get involved with the sanctuary being successful in that mission requires the help of many.
Visitors and users of sanctuary resources must be mindful of their potential impacts to fragile
sanctuary resources. We must carefully match resources with our partners in resource
management, whose missions complement those of the sanctuary.
9. Henderson, Bonny. "Cassin’ s Auklet ‘ WreckÂ’ Arrives on Oregon Coast." Cassin’ s Auklet
‘ Wreck’ Arrives on Oregon Coast. Oregon Shores, n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015.
Volunteers and staff with COASST the Coastal Observation and Seabird Survey Team have noted an
unusually high number of dead Cassin’s auklets washing up on Pacific Northwest beaches in October
and November, particularly on the northern Oregon coast, where an average of 6 dead CAAUs per
kilometer were found. Second-highest numbers were reported in southern Oregon, with 3 CAAUs
per kilometer. In contrast, the highest number of dead Cassin’s auklets previously recorded was in 1
per mile in Feburary-March 2005.
10. Cassin's Auklet Wreck. University of Washington, Oct.-Nov. 2014. Web.
A new wave of Cassin's Auklets hit the coast of Washington and Oregon beginning Sunday,
December 21 with up to 100 km on some beaches. These small fist-sized birds have a dark bill, dark
back and wings, white belly. Beginning in late October and continuing through November, we've
witnessed an uptick in Cassin's Auklets.