Plate Tectonics Review: Pages 87-89 1-28-13
Fourth Period
EARTH’S LAYERS
1. What are the 4 layers of the Earth?
A: crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
2. What is the inner core made of?
A: solid metal
3. Which layer is the thickest?
A: the mantle
CONVECTION CURRENTS
4. What causes convection currents in the
mantle?
A: Heat from the core and the mantle itself
5. Without _____________convection currents
will eventually stop.
A: Heat
6. What do the convection currents cause?
A: tectonic plate movement; continental
drift
CONTINENTAL DRIFT/THEORY OF PLATE
TECTONICS
7. Who created the Theory of Plate Tectonics?
A: Alfred Wegener
8. What is continental drift?
A: All continents were once together:
Pangaea and then drifted apart.
9. What is the Theory of Plate Tectonics?
A: Explains the movement of Earth’s plates.
10. Why didn’t anyone believe Alfred Wegener?
A: He couldn’t prove his hypothesis.
11. What did Wegener use for evidence?
A: rock formations, climate, fossils, that the
continents fit together like puzzle.
Plate Boundaries
12. What boundary has plates slipping past
each other?
A: Transform
13. Which boundary creates earthquakes?
A: All of them
14. Which boundary creates rift valleys?
A: Continental-continental divergent
Earthquakes
15. What is an earthquake?
A: The shaking and movement that results
from tectonic movement.
16. How does the energy of an earthquake
travel to Earth’s surface?
A: seismic waves
17. What are the tools used to measure an
earthquake?
A: Richter scale, seismograph
18. What are the 3 types of faults?
A: normal, reverse, strike-slip
19. What are the two types of seismic waves?
A: S wave = like a snake
P wave = push and pull
Volcanoes
20. What are the 3 types of volcanoes?
A: cinder cone, shield, composite
21. What are underwater volcanoes called?
A: Hot Spots
22. What is the viscosity of a shield volcano?
A: Low viscosity, low in silica
23. How was Hawaii formed?
A: Hot spot
24. What do hot spots create?
A: mud volcanoes, geysers, hot springs,
islands