Respiratory Test Study Guide
Label the organs on the diagram of the respiratory system.
1) pharynx
2) epiglottis
3) sinuses
4) nasal cavity
5) nose/nostril
6) larynx
7) trachea
8) lung
9) bronchi
10) diaphragm
11) Recalling the lung model, what happens to your lungs as the diaphragm moves down? What happens
to your lungs when the diaphragm moves up?
When the diaphragm moves down this creates more room in the chest cavity so
air flows into the respiratory system and it is called inhalation. (The balloon
inflated when the bag was pulled down)
When the diaphragm moved up this makes less space in the chest cavity forcing
the air out of the lungs and is called exhalation. (The balloon deflated when
the plastic bag was pushed up)
12) Explain what evidence supported the pull model for your lungs that you learned about.
With the “Pull Model” evidence 3 proves that the diaphragm controls
breathing because after a tracheotomy the man can still breath even though
he will not use his nose, mouth, or pharynx anymore so it must be something
below the trachea and the only muscle is the diaphragm.
Evidence 1 also suggest that if the diaphragm is damaged by the parasite that
the patient will have pain and difficulty while inhaling.
13) What are the 3 functions of the nose? Why are they important?
The nose will warm, moisten, and especially filter the air before it enters the
lungs. This is important so dirt and other particles, and germs do not get into
the lungs, bronchi, and alveoli. These particles can cause irritation or even
eventually and infection.
14) What is the path of air into the body? What is exchanged in the lungs? How does this occur?
Nose or mouth, pharynx, past the epiglottis, to the larynx, trachea,
bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli in the lungs. O2(oxygen) is exchanged with
CO2(carbon dioxide) in the alveoli and it goes into the bloodstream.
15) What happens to your breathing when you exercise? Why? How do you breathe? Use evidence.
When you exercise you breathe faster and deeper so you can get more
oxygen. You breathe through your mouth instead of your nose. When we
jogged in place for the BTB lab we started breathing through our mouth faster
and deeper because the BTB changed color faster, meaning more CO2 exhaled
16) Explain how respiratory disorders like asthma, COPD, and pneumonia affect the respiratory system.
Asthma is when the bronchi constrict and cause wheezing and difficulty
breathing, the chest feels tight. In pneumonia and COPD the alveoli are filled
with fluid instead of air so the person has trouble breathing and feels like
water in the lungs.
17) What do we inhale? What do we exhale? Use evidence to support this.
We inhale O2(oxygen) when the BTB is blue. We exhale CO2(carbon dioxide)
and water vapor. We saw the Carbon dioxide because it turned the BTB from
blue to yellow, and we saw the water vapor on the mirror or as a “cloud”
from our mouth on a cold day. We also so different colors for the gases in the
lung animation from the computer.
18) What happens to your pulse rate when you hold your breath? Why? Use evidence.
When you hold your breath your pulse rate goes up so your heart is trying to
pump out the carbon dioxide and get it to the lungs so you can exchange it for
more oxygen.