Name:__________________________________________________ Block: _______ Date: ___________
Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes
Een 2.1.1 Explain how plate tectonics, volcanoes, and earthquakes impact the lithosphere.
___1.
What does a tectonic plate consist of (what is a plate made of)?
a. The asthenosphere only
c. The oceanic and continental crust only
b. The crust and entire mantle
d. The crust and uppermost mantle
___2.
Which plate boundary occurs where two plates grind past each other without destroying or producing lithosphere?
a. Divergent Boundary
b. Transitional Boundary
c. Convergent Boundary
d. Transform Fault Boundary
___3.
What type of boundary occurs where two plates move together, often causing one plate to descend into the
mantle beneath the other plate?
a. Divergent Boundary
b. Transitional Boundary
c. Convergent Boundary
d. Transform Fault Boundary
___4.
What type of boundary occurs where two plates separate, or rift, and move apart from each other?
a. Divergent Boundary
b. Transitional Boundary
c. Convergent Boundary
d. Transform Fault Boundary
___5.
What forms when one oceanic plate is forced beneath another plate?
a. An ocean basin
b. A subduction zone
c. An ocean ridge
___6.
___7.
d. A rift valley
Where is new oceanic crust formed?
a. Divergent Boundary
b. Transitional Boundary
c. Convergent Boundary
d. Transform Fault Boundary
Where is new oceanic lithosphere destroyed?
a. Divergent Boundary
b. Transitional Boundary
c. Convergent Boundary
d. Transform Fault Boundary
___8.
The Himalayan Mountains in South Asia are an example of which type of plate boundary?
a. Divergent Boundary
b. Transitional Boundary
c. Convergent Boundary
d. Transform Fault Boundary
___9.
The African Rift Valley in Africa is an example of which type of plate boundary?
a. Divergent Boundary
b. Transitional Boundary
c. Convergent Boundary
d. Transform Fault Boundary
___10.
What type of boundary is illustrated in Figure 9-1 to the right?
a. Divergent Boundary
b. Transitional Boundary
c. Convergent Boundary
d. Transform Fault Boundary
___11.
What featured is labeled B in Figure 9-1?
a. Ocean Trench
b. Ocean Ridge
c. Continental Volcanic Arc
d. Volcanic Island Arc
___12.
What featured is labeled A in Figure 9-1?
a. Ocean Trench
b. Ocean Ridge
c. Continental Volcanic Arc
d. Volcanic Island Arc
___13.
What is the rigid outer layer of Earth called, which is made up of the crust and uppermost mantle?
a. Crust
b. Lithosphere
c. Asthenosphere
d. Core
___14.
What does the theory of Plate Tectonics help scientists to explain?
a. How earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur
c. How ocean currents move over Earth’s surface
b. Why hurricanes occur
d. Why Earth’s core is less dense than the mantle
___15.
What is the driving force for the movement of the lithospheric plates?
a. Unequal distribution of heat in the ocean
b. Unequal distribution of heat from Earth’s core
___16.
___17.
___18.
___19.
c. Heat from the sun
d. Heat in the atmosphere
What layer of Earth is labeled E in Figure 8-2?
a.
Crust
b. Core
c. Lithosphere
d. Mantle
What layer of Earth is labeled H in Figure 8-2?
a.
Crust
b. Outer Core
c. Inner Core
d. Mantle
What layer of Earth is labeled C in Figure 8-2?
a.
Crust
b. Core
c. Lithosphere
d. Mantle
What is the seismically active fault named that cuts through California?
a.
San Jose Fault
c. San Andrea Fault
b.
Pacific Fault
d. California fault
___20. The Earth's mantle is made up of very hot material that rises to the top of the
mantle, cools, then sinks, reheats, and rises again, constantly repeating the cycle. What
is this action known as, which causes the Earth's tectonic plates to move?
a.
convection currents
c. magnetic fields
b.
hot spots
d. advection forces
___21.
d.
What is the primary cause of earthquake activity in California?
a.
the lowering of aquifer levels.
b.
mining activity during the nineteenth century.
c.
the interaction of tides with the coast
plates grinding past each other along fault lines
___22.
Based on the time-travel graph to the right, what is the difference in travel
times if the seismic station is 2500 kilometers from the epicenter?
a. 1.5 minutes b. 2.8 minutes
c. 4.0 minutes
d. 6.2 minutes
___23.
How do the travel times of P waves and S waves compare?
a. The both travel at the same speed c. S waves travel faster
b. It depends on how far they travel
d. P waves travel faster
___24.
What is the name for the point within the Earth where an earthquake starts?
a. Epicenter b. Fault
c. Focus
d. Slip Point
___25.
What is the location on Earth’s surface directly above the focus?
a. Epicenter b. Fault
c. Focus
d. Slip Point
___26.
What is the least number of seismic stations that are needed
to determine the location of an epicenter? (2.04)
a. 1 station
b. 2 stations
c. 3 stations
___27.
What is the SP time interval on the seismograph to the right?
d. 4 stations
a.
b.
___28.
10 seconds
44 seconds
c. 30 seconds
d. 91 seconds
Which of the following is the main cause of earthquakes?
a. Elastic rebound
c. Richter Scale
b. Release of Heat
d. Frictional Heating
___29. What are the smaller earthquakes called, which are generated by the continued movement of plates and other
materials after the main shock?
a. Foreshocks
b. aftershocks
c. surface waves
d. Body Waves
___30.
What is the instrument called that detects, measures, and records earthquake vibrations?
a. sonargraphs
b. Richter scales
c. seismographs
d. magnetometer
___31.
What is the difference between magma and lava?
a. Lava is found above ground and magma is found below ground.
b. Magma is found above ground and lava is found below ground
c. Lava is released at divergent boundaries and magma is released at convergent boundaries
d. Lava builds up in volcanoes, and magma erupts from volcanoes
___32. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of S waves?
a. They travel more slowly than P waves.
b. They temporarily change the volume of material they pass through by compression and expansion.
c. They shake particles at right angles to their direction of travel.
d. They cannot be transmitted through water or air.
Een 2.1.4 Explain the probability of and preparation for geohazards such as landslides, avalanches, earthquakes in a particular area
based on available data
___33. In order to prevent damage from landslides, where is it SAFEST to build homes and businesses that are earthquake
resistant?
a. on a steep hill
c. on flat, solid land
b. at the edge of a valley
d. in between hills and a body of water.
___34. The most dangerous building to be in during an earthquake
a. Is the tallest buildings
b. Is the lowest buildings
c. Are the mid-sized buildings
d. Is any building next to a tall building
___35. Which of the following best describes what happens when liquefaction occurs?
a. large waves wash over coastal areas and destroy structures.
b. earthquakes occur in the ocean and damage ships at sea.
c. loose, saturated soil turns into liquid that can’t support buildings.
d. mud slides downhill and buries buildings.
___36. A tsunami can occur when there is vertical movement at a fault under
a. a mountain range.
b. the San Andreas Fault.
c. the ocean floor.
d. a small inland lake.
___37. What can happen when violent shaking from an earthquake causes soil and rock on slopes to fail?
a. fault.
b. landslide.
c. tsunami.
d. sinkhole.