Chapter 8 Test: DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation, and Mutation (Retake)
Teacher: Mr. Nebbe
April 28, 2014
1. The double strand of DNA is known as what?
a. A nucleotide
b. Amino acid
c. A double helix
2. Nucleic acids are made up of subunits called . . .
a. nucleotides
b. phosphates
c. hydrogen bonds
3. Which of the following individuals was involved in the discovery of the structure of DNA (the DNA
double helix)?
a. Linus Pauling
b. Francis Crick
c. Charles Darwin
4. Messenger RNA is transcribed in the . . .
a. ribosomes
b. chromosomes
c. nucleus
5. The genetic code for an amino acid involves a sequence of how many nitrogen-containing bases?
a. Three
b. Two
6. If the base sequence in a strand of DNA is A-C-G-T-A, which of the following would be the mRNA
transcription?
a. T-G-C-A-T
b. U-G-C-A-U
c. U-C-G-A-U
7. The genetic code in DNA is determined by the sequences of the . . .
a. phosphate groups
b. hydrogen bonds
c. nitrogen-containing bases
8. Amino acids are brought to the site of protein synthesis by . . .
a. tRNA
b. rRNA
c. mRNA
9. Which is true of RNA?
a. It is double-stranded
b. It is single-stranded
10. Which of the following is not true of the DNA molecule?
a. It contains the sugar ribose.
b. It is double-stranded.
c. It contains the nitrogen base thymine.
11. The process of encoding the genetic code of DNA into mRNA is called . . .
a. transcription
b. translation
c. replication
12. The sequence of nitrogen bases in mRNA is . . .
a. identical to the template strand of DNA from which it is formed.
b. determined by the nitrogen base sequence of rRNA.
c. complementary to the strand of DNA from which it is formed.
13. The nitrogen base thymine is to DNA as ______________________ is to RNA.
a. Cytosine
b. Adenine
c. Guanine
d. Uracil
14. A mutation is any mistake or change in the . . .
a. RNA nitrogen base sequence
b. DNA nitrogen base sequence
15. A point mutation is a change in . . .
a. several bases in a mRNA strand
b. a single base pair in a DNA strand
c. several base pairs in a DNA strand
16. A mutation in which a single base is added or deleted from a DNA strand is called . . .
a. a frame shift mutation
b. translocation
c. a point mutation
18
20
19
Use this diagram and
the provided word
bank for questions 1720.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Deoxyribose sugar
Phosphate group.
Nucleotide
Nitrogen containing
base
17. What is this molecule? _____________________________
18. To what part of this molecule is number 18 pointing? _____________________
19. To what part of this molecule is number 19 pointing? _____________________
20. To what part of this molecule is number 20 pointing? _____________________
1
5
4
Use this diagram
and the
neighboring word
bank to answer
questions 21-26.
2
tRNA
anticodon
ribosome
translation
amino acid
3
codon
21. What process is being shown in the above diagram? ___________________________
22. What molecule is indicated by box number 1? ________________________________
23. What are the three nitrogen bases indicated by box number 2 called? ________________________
24. What are the three nitrogen bases indicated by box number 3 called? ________________________
25. What structure is box number 4 indicating? __________________________________
26. What is the structure indicated by box number 5? _________________________________
27. If a strand of mRNA codons is UUU GGA AUC CCA, the complementary tRNA anticodons would be
what?
a. AAA CCT TAG GGT
b. AAA CCU UAG GGU
c. TTT CCU ATG GGU
28. During what part of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a. Gap 1
b. Gap 2
c. S-Phase
29. DNA replication is carried out by which enzyme?
a. RNA polymerase
b. DNA polymerase
30. Methionine is an amino acid coded for by the RNA codon UAG, what other function does the
codon UAG have in protein synthesis?
a. It starts the production of a polypeptide chain.
b. It stops the production of a polypeptide chain.
c. It controls the assembly of the ribosome from rRNA
31. What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?
a. It helps to assemble the ribosome.
b. It replicates mRNA
c. It carries amino acids for the polypeptide chain.
32. Which of the following is an example of a mutagen?
a. Ultraviolet light
b. Industrial pollution (such as burning coal or toxic chemicals)
c. Radioactivity
d. All of the above
33. What change to DNA does a mutagen trigger to create a mutation?
a. A change to the normal nitrogen base pair sequence in a molecule of RNA
b. A change to the normal amino acid sequence in a protein
c. A change to the normal nitrogen base pair sequence in a molecule of DNA
Use this amino acid table
for questions 34-36
34. Using the amino acid table, find the amino acid that corresponds with the codon CCU?
a. Proline
b. Arginine
c. Leucine
35. Imagine that there is a point mutation in the CCU codon and it becomes ACU. For what amino
acid does it now code?
a. Alanine
b. Isoleucine
c. Threonine
36. What would the amino acid be if the point mutation changed the CCU codon to CCA?
a. Glycine
b. Proline
c. Glutamine
37. A mutation in a gene that does not affect the resulting protein is called a . . .
a. silent mutation
b. base substitution
c. translocation
Use this diagram of a
mutation for
questions 38 and 39
38. The above diagram is showing what kind of mutation?
a. Chromosomal mutation
b. Gene duplication
c. Frameshift mutation
39. (2 points) Studying the diagram above, what are two things the mutation has changed (what are
two differences between the before and after diagrams)?
40. (Challenge question – up to 5 points) How do mutations and natural/artificial selection interact
with one another? When mutations and natural selection are combined, what natural process
results?