Review Sheet for Biology Test 4: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Name: KEY
Per: ___
1.
What is the purpose of photosynthesis? To convert energy from light into chemical energy stored and transported in sugar molecules
2.
What is the equation for photosynthesis? 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy (from sun)
3.
What is the purpose of cellular respiration? To break down glucose through a series of chemical reactions the release energy
a little at a time to energy carrier molecules
4.
What is the equation for cellular respiration? C6H12O6 + 6O2
 C6H12O6 + 6O2
 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy (captured by the energy carrier molecule ATP)
Fill in the table below. The first one is done for you as an example. For the cellular respiration processes, calculate the number of each
molecule based on the breakdown of a single glucose molecule.
Photosynthesis
Process
Light Dependent Reactions
Photosynthesis
Calvin Cycle
Cellular Respiration
Glycolysis
Cellular Respiration
Oxidation of Pyruvate
Cellular Respiration
Krebs Cycle
Cellular Respiration
Electron Transport Chain
Cellular Respiration
Chemiosmosis
What goes in (reactants)
H 2O
ADP + P
NADP+ + H+
6 CO2
6 ATP
6 NADPH
glucose
2 ADP + 2 phosphates
2 H+ + 2 NAD+
2 pyruvate
2 H+ + 2NAD+
2 acetyl Co-A (2 carbons)
6 H+ + 6NAD+
2 FADH + 2H+
2 ADP + 2 phosphates
10 NADH
2 FADH2
2H+ + O
34 ADP + 34 phosphates
What comes out (products)
2H+ + O + 2eATP
NADPH
Glucose
6 ADP + 6 phosphates
6 NADP+ + 6 H+
2 pyruvate
2 ATP
2 NADH
2 acetyl Co-A (2 carbons)
2 NADH
4 CO2
6 NADH
2 FADH2
2 ATP
10 H+ + 10NAD+
2 FADH + 2H+
2 H2O
34 ATP
5.
CIRLCE the molecules that are “charged” with energy in the table above. I highlighted them
6.
Look carefully at the table above. At which step is oxygen required in order to complete the aerobic respiration?
Electron Transport Chain
7.
Draw a picture of a chloroplast below and label the following: thylakoid, granum, membrane, stroma, cytoplasm (outside), where the
light dependent reactions occur, where the Calvin cycle occurs.
8.
Draw a picture of a mitochondrion below and label the following: Inner membrane, outer membrane, intermembrane, matrix,
cytoplasm (outside), where glycolysis occurs, where oxidation of pyruvate occurs, where the Krebs cycle occurs, where the electron
transport chain and ATP synthase are located.
Glycoloysis
(in cytoplasm)
Intermembrane
space
Oxidation of pyruvate
(in intermembrane space)
membrane
Cytoplasm
Krebs cycle (in Matrix)
ETC & ATP Synthase
(embedded in inner
membrane)
Cytoplasm
9.
Make a diagram that shows the flow of energy during photosynthesis, starting with light.
light energy (photons)  chlorophyll  electrons from H2O  NADPH and ATP  glucose
10. Compare and contrast what happens to pyruvate produced during glycolysis in cells that have oxygen to those that do not.
Pyruvate is broken down various products via fermentation in cells that do not have oxygen and into CO2 via aerobic respiration in
cells that do have oxygen
11. Why is lactic acid found in cardiac muscle after people have heart attacks?
Because the cause of a heart attack is a blockage that prevents blood with oxygen from getting to the cardiac muscle cells. Muscle
cells that do not get enough oxygen switch to homolactic acid fermentation which results in the formation of lactic acid from pyruvate
rather than the complete breakdown of pyruvate to CO2.
12. Draw an ATP molecule below. Label the adenine, ribose, and phosphates. Indicate where in the molecule energy is stored to power
cell processes and write a brief explanation of how energy is gained and released by this molecule.
Energy is stored in the bond
between the second and third
phosphate. It is gained when the
A. CO2
third phosphate binds to ADP
and released when the bond
breaks and the third phosphate
comes back off.
13. Fill in the missing molecules in the diagrams below:
B. ATP
C. ADP + P
D. NADPH
E NADP+ + H+
NADH
NADH
Krebs
Cycle
CO2
2
NADH
F. glucose
C6H12O6
CO2
FADH2
ATP
14. During which processes is ATP produced in photosynthesis and cellular respiration? How many are produced in each step?
At ATP synthase during the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis and chemiosmosis in the mitochondria during cellular
respiration (34 ATP are produced in the latter), 2 ATP are produced during glycolysis, 2 ATP are produced during Krebs Cycle
15. During which processes is NADH produced in photosynthesis and cellular respiration? How many are produced in each step?
2 are produced during glycolysis, 2 produced during oxidation of pyruvate, 6 produced during Krebs Cycle (3 per turn of the cycle,
two cycles per glucose)
16. During which processes is NADPH produced in photosynthesis and cellular respiration? How many are produced in each step?
At photosystem I during photosynthesis (1 per H2O, 6 per glucose)
17. During which processes is FADH2 produced in photosynthesis and cellular respiration? How many are produced in each step?
2 produced during Krebs Cycle (1 per turn of the cycle, two cycles per glucose)
18. During which processes is energy from ATP used during photosynthesis and cellular respiration? How many are used in each step?
used in the production of glucose during the Calvin Cycle, 2 are used to start glycolysis (but 4 are made so there is actually a net gain
of 2)
19. During which processes is energy from NADH used during photosynthesis and cellular respiration? How many are used in each step?
At the Electron Transport chain in the inner membrane of the mitochondria to pump H+ across the membrane during cellular
respiration (10 per glucose)
20. During which processes is energy from NADPH used during photosynthesis and cellular respiration? How many are used in each step?
In the Calvin Cycle to build glucose during photosynthesis (6 per glucose)
21. During which processes is energy from FADH2 used during photosynthesis and cellular respiration? How many are used in each step?
At the Electron Transport chain in the inner membrane of the mitochondria to pump H+ across the membrane during cellular
respiration (2 per glucose)
22. On a separate sheet of paper, write out the steps for the synthesis of glucose, starting with splitting water at the thylakoid membrane.
This is written out step by step in the photosynthesis lecture slides!
23. On a separate sheet of paper, write out the steps for the breakdown of glucose to CO2 and the production of 38ATP, starting with the
steps of glycolysis. This is written out step by step in the cellular respiration lecture slides!