Cheng et al –supplementary S1 is the HAADF-STEM image with Material Studio simulated image show the interface of NiO-SrTiO3 with atomic resolution. The lattice structure in HAADFSTEM image is in a good agreement with the Material Studio image. No dislocation is observed from the interface. Figure S1. Enlarged HAADF-STEM shows the interface between the NiO nanocrystal and the SrTiO3 substrate. No misfit dislocation is observed. (b) Material Studio simulates the lattice structure of NiO-SrTiO3 interface in HAADF image. S2 is the plot of R×A vs A for NiO nanocrystals with heights between 15 to 23 nm (left). It shows that the Ron × A is independent of lateral area A. The Roff shows considerable scatter and we cannot preclude any secondary factors. But we are primarily concerned with the role of interface-mediated effects during the current conduction. S2 right is the measurements of current at pristine state and high resistance state respectively. Figure S2 Plot of R×A vs A for NiO nanocrystals with heights between 15 to 23 nm (left) and the measurements of current at pristine state and high resistance state respectively (right).