Chapter 13
 Essential Questions:
 What are the effects of chemical changes in matter?
 Why is matter important? Is matter timeless?
Chemical bond,
ionic bond,
Ion,
Vocabulary:
chemical bonding,
valence electron,
crystal lattice,
covalent bond,
molecule,
Metallic bond
SOL
PS.5
The student will investigate and understand changes in matter and the relationship of
these changes to the Law of Conservation of Matter and Energy. Key concepts include:
a) physical changes; b. chemical changes;
Objectives:
PS.4.3 Explain the formation of compounds through ionic and covalent bonding.
PS.4.3 Explain the formation of compounds through ionic and covalent bonding.
Review:
1. What force holds 2 molecules together? The positive and negative forces that help atoms
bond
2. When electrons are shared, gained, or lost what is happening?
bonding
3. What is a valence electron and why are they important in bonding? The electrons found in
the outer shell- they determine how an atom bonds
4. What is the magic number of valence electrons that every atoms strives for to achieve
stability?
8
5. What group of elements on the periodic table does not bond because they atoms are stable?
Family 18 the noble gases, they already have 8 valence electrons and are stable
6. What type of bond forms between a metal and a non-metal?
IONIC
7. Why do the alkali and alkaline metals give up electrons in bonding? 1, 2, 3 give up electronsleaving them with a positive charge / 5, 6, 7, gain the electrons leaving these atoms with a
negative charge
8. Why does sodium have a +1 charge as an ion? It gives up 1 electron
9. Why does Cl have a -1 charge as an ion? It gains 1 electron
10. What type of bond forms between 2 non-metals? COVALENT
11. How can the atoms of a non-metal share electrons? They accomplish getting the 8 needed
by sharing electrons
12. What is a diatomic molecule? The same element bonds : O2, H2, Cl2
13. What make polyatomic ion different from other ions (like the ones in ionic bonding)?
Polyatomic will first form an ionic bond and then a covalent bond. Both types of bonding occur.
14. What is the bond called between 2 metals? Metallic Bonds “Sea of Electrons”
15. What makes this bond different from covalent or ionic bonding? Covalent are nonmetal to
nonmetal and share electrons, ionic are metal to nonmetal and transfer electrons
16. Draw the Lewis dot diagram for the following:
H H
H Cl
CH4
CO2