Sarah Blankenship
4/16/12
Dermatological Conditions
Ringworm
1. A skin infection due to a fungus.
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Itchy, red, raised, scaly patches that may blister and ooze.
i. Patches tend to have sharply defined edges
ii. Often redder around the outside and normal colored in the middle
iii. Appear as a ring
b. Bald patches in the hair
c. Discolored, thick nails, if affected
3. Treatment options:
a. Keep your skin clean and dry
b. Apply OTC antifungal powders, lotions, creams, etc
c. Don’t wear tight clothing that will rub and irritate the area
d. Wash sheets and pajamas every day while affected
4. Medication options:
a. OTC antifungal powder/lotion/cream
b. Prescription antifungals may be prescribed for severe cases, persistent or chronic
cases, or ringworm occurring in the hair
5. Athletic Participation:
a. Athletes with ringworm are not restricted in athletic participation. They should
still try to avoid irritating the area, and avoid contact with others.
6. Source:
a. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002411/
Urticaria
1. Raised, often itchy, red welts on the surface of the skin.
a. AKA hives
b. Usually an allergic reaction to food or medicine.
c. May also develop as a result of emotional stress, extreme cold or sun exposure,
excessive perspiration, illness, or infections.
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Itching
b. Swelling of the surface of the skin into red or skin colored welts with clearly
defined edges
i. May get bigger, spread, and join together to form flat, raised areas.
ii. Can also change shape, disappear, and reappear within a matter of hours
3. Treatment options:
a. May not be needed if the hives are mild.
b. Hot bathes or showers should be avoided.
c. Tight fighting clothing should be avoided.
4. Medication options:
a. Antihistamines
b. Loratadine
c. Cetirizine
d. Steroids
e. Epinephrine
5. Athletic Participation:
a. Hives do not affect athletic participation. Athletes should avoid irritating the area
with tight fighting clothing or anything rubbing on the area.
6. Source:
a. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001848/
Dermatographism
1. a skin disorder seen in 4–5% of the population and is one of the most common types of
urticaria, in which the skin becomes raised and inflamed when stroked, scratched,
rubbed, and sometimes even slapped.
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Blanching
b. Associated linear edema and erythema
3. Treatment options:
a. Referral to determine if reaction is severe or prolonged.
b. Conservative treatment
4. Medication options:
a. OTC topical agents
b. Oral antihistamines
5. Athletic Participation:
a. Sports participation is not restricted.
6. Source:
a. Gen med book.
Cold Urticaria
1. Hives occurring with exposure to cold.
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Hives will develop within 5 minutes of exposure
b. Lesions may last up to 2 hours
c. Generalized urticaria, angioedema, and anaphylaxis may develop
3. Treatment options:
a. Avoidance of sudden decreases in temperature and exposure to cold ice or water.
4. Medication options:
a. Cyproheptadine
b. Doxepin
5. Athletic Participation
a. Participation depends on development of other symptoms. Local reactions will not
affect participation, but if generalized symptoms develop the athlete will need to
be cleared by a physician.
6. Source:
a. Gen Med Book
Sebaceous cysts
1. AKA epidermal or keratinous cysts
a. A thin walled cyst filled with white keratin material produced by the skin
epithelium.
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Slow growing
b. Movable
c. Non-tender
3. Treatment options:
a. Should be opened and drained by a physician.
b. Infected cysts may require oral antibiotics
4. Medication options:
a. None unless infected.
5. Athletic Participation:
a. Athletic participation is not restricted, unless presence of secondary infection
6. Source:
a. Gen Med Book
Psoriasis
1. A genetic, chronic, recurring disorder that usually begins in childhood. Scaling, papular
infection similar to eczema but without epithelial eruptions, wet areas, and crusts.
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Silvery white plaque with surrounding erythema with distinct borders.
b. Begin as small, red, scaly papules that coalesce into round or oval plaques.
3. Treatment options:
a. Topical steroids
b. Ointment
c. UV light
d. Steroid injections
4. Medication options:
a. Calcipotriol (Dovonex)
b. Anthralin ointment
c. Steroid injections
d. Lubricating options
5. Athletic participation:
a. Depends on the extent of the disease and whether the arthritic component is
present or not. Typically, athletes have no restrictions.
6. Source:
a. Gen Med Book
Eczema
1. Aka dermatitis
a. Most common skin inflammatory disease.
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Acute stage:
3.
4.
5.
6.
i. Red swollen plaque with tiny vesicles
ii. Very itchy
b. Subacute stage:
i. Erythema
ii. Scales of various degrees
iii. May also itch
c. Chronic stage
i. Thickened skin with increased skin markings
ii. Moderate to intense itching
Treatment options:
a. Removal of the allergen
b. Cool compresses
c. Avoidance of aggravation
Medication options:
a. Antihistamines
b. Topical steroids
i. Creams/ointments
Athletic Participation:
a. This condition does not affect athletic participation.
Source:
a. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001856/
Melanoma
1. The most serious type of skin cancer.
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Change in appearance in an existing mole.
b. Development of new unusual looking growth on the skin
3. Treatment options:
a. Surgical removal
b. Chemotherapy
c. Radiation
d. Immunotherapy
4. Medication options:
a. Chemotherapy
b. Immunotherapy
5. Athletic Participation:
a. Athletes with melanoma may be restricted to indoor sports, or may require
additional clothing to protect their skin while participating outdoors. Treatment
may also hinder performance/participation in some cases.
6. Source:
a. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/melanoma/DS00439/DSECTION=treatments
%2Dand%2Ddrugs
Impetigo
1. A highly contagious skin infection that mainly affects infants and children
2. Signs and Symptoms:
3.
4.
5.
6.
a. Red sores that quickly rupture, ooze for a few days and then form a yellowishbrown crust
b. Itching
c. Painless, fluid-filled blisters
d. In the more serious form:
i. Painful fluid- or pus-filled sores that turn into deep ulcers
Treatment options:
a. Improve/maintain hygiene
Medication options:
a. Topical antibiotics
b. Oral antibiotics
Athletic Participation:
a. This condition does not affect athletic participation, although athletes should avoid
contact (body, equipment, clothing, etc) with other until the disorder is cleared up.
Source:
a. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/impetigo/DS00464/DSECTION=treatments%
2Dand%2Ddrugs
Abscess, furnucle, and carbuncle
1. A collection of pus in any part of the body that, in most cases, causes swelling and
inflammation around it.
2. Signs and symptoms:
a. Raised area of skin, similar to pimple
b. Swelling
c. Erythema
d. Painful to touch
3. Treatment options:
a. Surgery
b. Antibiotics
4. Medication options:
a. Antibiotics
5. Athletic Participation:
a. These conditions do not affect athletic participation. The athlete should make sure
to keep the area clean and covered before and after participation, and avoid
contact with others.
6. Source:
a. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002329/
Folliculitis
1. Inflammation of one or more hair follicles
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Rash
b. Itching
c. Pustules near hair follicles
3. Treatment options:
a. Hot, moist compresses
4. Medication options:
a. Topical or oral antibiotics
b. Antifungals
5. Athletic Participation:
a. This condition does not affect athletic participation.
6. Source:
a. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001826/
Acne
1. A skin condition that occurs when your hair follicles become plugged with oil and dead
skin cells
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Whiteheads
b. Blackheads
c. Papules
d. Pustules
e. Nodules
f. Cysts
3. Treatment options:
a. Laser therapy
b. Cosmetic procedures
c. Chemical peels
d. Dermabrasion
e. Microdermabrasion
f. Surgery
4. Medication options:
a. Oral contraceptives
b. Isotretinoin
c. Antibiotics
d. Topical treatments
i. OTC
ii. Prescription
5. Athletic Participation;
a. This condition does not affect athletic participation.
6. Source:
a. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/acne/DS00169/DSECTION=treatments%2Da
nd%2Ddrugs
Paronychia/Onychia
1. A skin infection that occurs around the nails
2. Signs and Symptoms:
a. Painful, red, swollen area around the nail
b. Often at cuticle
c. Pus filled blisters
d. Changes in the nail
3. Treatment options:
a. Warm soaks 2 to 3 times a day
b. Removal of the infected nail
4. Medication options:
a. Antibiotics
b. Antifungals
5. Athletic Participation:
a. This condition does not affect athletic participation.
6. Source:
a. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/acne/DS00169/DSECTION=treatments%2Da
nd%2Ddrugs