Igneous
3 KINDS OF ROCKS
[ISM]
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
1. Clastic
3 KINDS OF
SEDIMENTARY ROCK
[C O C]
2. Organic
3. Chemical
1. Fringing
3 KINDS
of
REEFS
[FAB]
2. Atoll
close
ring shaped
3. Barrier - 10 km away
2 KINDS
of
INTRUSIVE
IGNEOUS ROCKS
EXTRUSIVE
Common
INtrusive
Common EXtrusive
granite
basalt
CLASTIC
4 Examples of
Clastic Rocks
Shale  tiny clay pcs.
Sandstone  sand
Conglomerates  round
particles
Breccia  jagged
particles
Organic
ORGANIC
(sedimentary)
rocks
3 Steps in
Sedimentary Rock
Formation
1. Coal
2. Limestone (chalk)
1. Erosion
2. Deposition
3. Compaction &
Cementation
EROSION
DEPOSITION
COMPACTION
Water, winds, gravity or ice
MOVES or CARRIES soil and
rock pieces away
Sediment SETTLES or is
DEPOSITED in a new place
Sedimentary rocks are PACKED
or PRESSED together
[ can see dull layers ]
CEMENTATION
texture
Silica
DISOLVED MINERALS
CRYSTALIZE AND GLUE, OR
CEMENT, PIECES OF
SEDIMENT TOGETHER
The size, shape, and pattern
of a rock’s grain
High in silica (lots of
it)  light colored
rock FELSIC
Low in silica  dark
colored rock MAFIC
[Mafia  bad guy in black]
3 Examples of
Chemical rocks
Metamorphic
Rocks
Metamorphic
Rocks
1.
2.
3.
Limestone
Gypsum
Rock salt
Heat, pressure or
chemical changes
old rocks into new
rocks
Foliated
(bands)
orr
Non-foliated
(NO bands)
Examples of
FOLIATED
Non FOLIATED
Slate
Schist
Gneiss (nice!)
marble
quartzite
Porphritic rock
sediment
INtrusive
has BOTH large
and small crystals
The small particles of rock or
remains of living things that
make up sedimentary rock
Formed by cooling magma
deep IN the earth
EXtrusive
Formed by
cooling lava on the
Earth’s surface
Coarse grained
Large grains;
easy to see
Fine grained
Tiny grains;
need magnifying
glass to see
Metamorphic
rock
Organic
limestone
Classified by
arrangement /
pattern of grain
Found on continents (ex.
Mountains ) because the
Earth’s ancient sea floors
has been RAISED above
sea level