Name:__________________________
Advanced World History
Semester 2 Study Guide
Directions: Respond to the following questions/statements by analyzing your notes, textbook,
and assignments. This guide will serve to help you in your studying for this final, it does not
serve as a complete comprehensive review.
*This test will cover material from the Middle Ages, The Rise of Islam, Renaissance, Protestant
Reformation, World War I, the Interwar period, and World War II*
Section 1: Vocab
In order to show your learning from this semester, it is important to be familiar with the various
terms we have been exposed to the past couple of months. On the final, you will need to be able
to state in which era the term belongs. For example, if given the term fief, you must be able to
say it belongs to the Middle Ages.
*Write the number (era) next to the following terms:
Fiefs
Possible Eras:
Humanists
1) Middle Ages
Appeasement Policy
2) Renaissance
Shakespeare
3) World Wars
Imperialism
Act of Homage
Knights
Genocide
Last Supper (painting)
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Michelangelo
Castles
Jousting
Atomic Bomb
Vladimir Lenin
Joseph Stalin
Richard the Lionheart
Medici Family
Crusades
Blitzkrieg
Luftwaffe
Apprentice
Kristallnacht
Winston Churchill
Battle of Britain
Manhattan Project
Perspective
Fresco Painting
Oil Paints
Leonardo Da Vinci
David (statue)
Holy Land
Saladin
Martin Luther
Excommunication
*In addition to knowing which eras these terms belong to, it is also crucial you know the
definition, context behind, and importance of each*
Section 2: The Middle Ages
The following section will focus more specifically on the Middle Ages. Look through your
book/notes to accurately respond to these questions. Respond to these questions on a separate
piece of paper.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
What were the Crusades and why were they important?
What was the Bubonic Plague and what was its impact on Europe?
Who was Charlemagne and which people/civilization did he rule?
William the Conqueror declared himself the King of England after which event/famous
battle?
What was chivalry?
One of the main purposes of the Crusades, from the Christian’s perspective, was to free
the Holy Land from which people?
What were guilds? What can they be compared to today?
What did a typical medieval town look like?
9) Who was the famous leader of the Third Crusade?
10) During the Middle Ages, what was the key to power?
11) What is the term for when someone was kicked out of the Church?
12) What is Heresy?
13) What is a Monastery and who typically lived in them?
14) What is a manor and what was typically on a manor?
15) Which famous European man defeated the Moors, Spanish Muslims, at the Battle of
Tours? Why was this battle so important?
16) What was the Inquisition? What were they searching for?
17) Match the following terms
a. In Medieval society, this person was tied to the land
1. Serf
b. A soldier on horseback that lived according to a certain code
2. Lord
c. A nobleman who grants land to lesser nobles
3. Vassal
d. A lesser noble who owes allegiance to a lord
4. Knight
18) Before Rome fell, it was divided into two halves. The eastern half became known as the
___________________ Empire with its capital at ____________________.
Section 3: The Rise of Islam
The following section will following the rise of Islam. Look through your book/notes to find
accurate answers to the following questions.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
What were the Spanish Muslims also known as?
Who is the Prophet of Islam?
The Islamic word for Holy War is_________________.
A church is to a Christian as a __________________ is to a Muslim.
Which city was the birthplace of Muhammad and home to the most sacred mosque?
What is the name of Islam’s holy book?
Which Islamic civilization conquered Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine
Empire?
8) The Hajj is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, what does it require?
9) This famous Muslim man fought against the Christian Crusaders to keep the Holy
Land:________________________.
Section 4: The Protestant Reformation
This section will focus on the Protestant Reformation and the religious upheaval in Europe.
1) What was the main cause for the Protestant Reformation? (Hint: These really upset
Martin Luther….)
2) Who is the man given credit for starting the Protestant Reformation?
3) In which country did the Protestant Reformation start?
4) What were Martin Luther’s 95 Theses?
5) What was the name of the church established in England after Henry VIII broke away
from the Catholic Church?
6) According to Martin Luther, _________________ and _____________ alone should be
the key to salvation.
7) True or False: Martin Luther believed the Pope and the Clergy of the Catholic Church
had the sole right to read the bible and tell the people about its content.
8) Calvinism preached about __________________, the idea that your destiny is already
decided by God before you are even born.
9) How did the invention of the printing press have an impact on education/religion during
this era?
Section 5: The Renaissance
The following section will focus on the Renaissance. Remember, the Renaissance was the
“rebirth” of culture in Europe. The Renaissance took place after the Crusades and after the
Bubonic Plague. This section will focus on art and the rise of the humanists.
1) Who was Michelangelo and what was his favorite style of artwork?
2) What was the David and who created it?
3) What are some main differences between art in the Middle Ages and artwork from the
Renaissance?
4) Who was Machiavelli and what was he famous for writing?
5) How does the Prince depict a good ruler?
6) Johann Gutenberg is given credit for the creation of the ______________________.
7) Renaissance literally translates to ___________________.
8) What is Humanism? How does this style of thinking differ from the Middle Age’s
thought?
9) What is the vernacular language? What is its relationship with the printing press?
10) What Italian city did the Medici family call their home? Why are they so important to
the Italian Renaissance?
11) What does the word utopia mean? Who was the famous Northern Renaissance author
who wrote about the utopian society?
12) The Sistine Chapel was painted by which famous Renaissance man?
13) What does it mean to be a “Renaissance Man?” Who is the best example of a
Renaissance man from the Renaissance era?
Section 6: World Wars
This section will focus on both World War I and World War II. There will be a few questions
dedicated to the “inter-war period” or the time between 1918 and 1939.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
Which empires/countries made up the Central Powers of WWI?
Which empires/countries made up the Tripe Entente/Allies of WWI?
Which empires/countries made up the Axis Powers of WWII?
Which empires/countries made up the Allied Powers of WWII?
What were the M.A.I.N causes of WWI?
What were the impacts of the Industrial Revolution on the European nations?
What was the spark that caused the outbreak of WWI?
8) What question did the “Final Solution” provide an answer to in Hitler’s mind?
9) What were Japanese Kamikazi pilots known for?
10) What term became used to describe the stagnant style of warfare fought on the Western
Front of WWI? (Two words)
11) What military weapon used in WWI was eventually outlawed for future wars due to its
terrible inhuman effects?
12) The Holocaust was an example of ___________________ (a systematic killing of a
specific group of people).
13) What is the Appeasement Policy and how did it lead to German expansion?
14) What was decided at the Munich Conference? Which countries were present?
15) Which two Japanese cities were bombed by the atomic bomb?
16) Why did America want to drop the atomic bombs?
17) Why is the start date of WWII debatable? (Most say it started when Germany invaded
Poland on September 1st, 1939.)
18) What style of warfare was unleashed against Poland when Germany invaded? (It involves
fast mechanized warfare)
19) What is Kristallnacht? How did this night show the relationship between the Nazi party
and the Jewish community in Germany and Austria?
20) What was the name of the German air force?
21) What was the name of the British air force?
22) What happened at the Battle of Britain?
23) What happened at the Battle of Stalingrad?
24) Who was General Winter and what was his impact on the advancing German forces?
25) What was the name given to the day the Allied forces opened a western front against the
German army in WWII? (hint…Normandy…..)
26) What happened to Germany’s economy after WWI?
27) How was France impacted by WWI?
28) What was the Maginot Line and was it successful?
29) The leader of Italy during WWII was___________________.
30) The leader of the Soviet Union during WWII was _____________________.
31) The leader of Germany during WWII was _________________________.
32) The President of the United States of America for the majority of WWII was
____________________. After his death, _____________________ took over the
presidency in 1945.
33) What was the name of the peace treaty that ended WWI?
34) Who was given all of the blame for WWI?