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1. Große Hörerzahlen
Literatur
Allen, Deborah and Kimberly Tanner. Infusing Active Learning into the Large-enrollment
Biology Class: Seven Strategies, from Simple to Complex. Cell Biology Education. 4_262-268,
Winter 2005.
Ballantyne, Roy, Hughes, Karen, and Aliisa Mylonas. (2002). Developing Procedures for
Implementing Peer Assessment in Large Classes Using an Action Research Process.
Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 27:5, 427-441.
Bauer, H. and Snizek, W. (1989) Encouraging students in large classes to ask questions. Some
promising results from classes in chemistry and sociology. Teaching Sociology. 17: 337-340.
Benjamin Jr., Ludy T. (1991) Personalization and active learning in the large introductory
psychology class. Teaching of Psychology. 18:2, 68-74.
Bligh, D. (1998). What's the use of lectures? (5th ed.). Exeter : Intellect.
Bonwell, Charles C. and James A. Eison. (1991) Active Learning: Creating Excitement in the
Classroom. ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education, Washington, DC:
Carbone, Elisa Lynn. Teaching Large Classes: Tools and Strategies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage:
1998.
Carbone, E, and J. Greenberg. Teaching Large Classes: Unpacking the Problem and
Responding Creatively. In: To Improve the Academy, Vol. 17, 311-316. Stillwater, OK: New
Forums Press.
Cuseo, J.(1998) Lectures: their place and purpose. Cooperative Learning and College
Teaching. 9:1, 2.
Davis, Barbara Gross. Preparing to Teach the Large Lecture Course. Chapter 12 in Tools for
Teaching. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1993.
Felder, Richard M. Beating the Numbers Game: Effective Teaching in Large Classes. 1997
ASEE Annual Conference, Milwaukee, WI: June 1997.
Frederick, P. (1987) Student involvement: Active learning in large classes. In: M.G. Weimer
(ed.). Teaching Large
Classes Well. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Geske, J. (1992) Overcoming the drawbacks of the large lecture class. College Teaching. 40:4,
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Gleason, M.(1986) Better communication in large courses. College Teaching 43:1, 20-24.
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Gibbs, Graham and Alan Jenkins. Teaching Large Classes in Higher Education: How to
Maintain Quality with Reduced Resources. Stylus: 1992.
Hedges, Larry V. and William Stock. (1983) The Effects of Class Size: An Examination of Rival
Hypotheses. American Educational Research Journal. 20:1, 63-85.
Johnson, D., Johnson, R., and Smith, K. (1991) Active Learning: Cooperation in the College
Classsroom. Edina, MN: Interaction Book Co.
Leonard, W., Journet, A., and Ecklund, R. (1988) Overcoming obstacles in teaching large
enrollment lab courses. American Biology Teacher. 50:1, 23-28.
Lewis, Karron G. Teaching Large Classes (How to Do It Well and Remain Sane). Chapter 25 in
Handbook of College Teaching, edited by K.W. Pritchard and R. McL. Sawyer. Westport,
Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1994.
MacGregor, J., Cooper, J. L., Smith, K. A., & Robinson, P. (Eds). (2000). Strategies for
energizing large classes: From Small Groups to Learning Communities. San Francisco: JosseyBass.
 Chapter 1, "The Argument for Making Large Classes Seem Small" (James L. Cooper
and Pamela Robinson)
 Chapter 2, "Getting Started: Informal Small-Group Strategies in Large Classes" (James
L. Cooper and Pamela Robinson)
 Chapter 3, "Going Deeper: Formal Small-Group Learning in Large Classes" (Karl A.
Smith)
 Chapter 4, "Restructuring Large Classes To Create Communities of Learners" (Jean
MacGregor)
 Chapter 5, "Implementing Small-Group Instruction: Insights from Successful
Practitioners" (James L. Cooper, Jean MacGregor, Karl A. Smith, Pamela Robinson)
 Chapter 6, "Making Small-Group Learning and Learning Communities a Widespread
Reality" (Karl A. Smith, Jean MacGregor).
McKeachie, William J. Why Classes Should Be Small, but How to Help Your Students Be
Active Learners Even in Large Classes and Large Classes: Morale, Discipline, and Order.
Chapters 20 and 21 in Teaching Tips. 9th edition. Lexington, MA: Heath, 1994.
Messineo, Melinda, Gaither, George, Bottm Jennifer, and Kristin Ritchey. Inexperienced
Versus Experienced Students’ Expectations for Active Learning in Large Classes. College
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Michaelsen, Larry K. (1983) Team Teaching in Large Classes. Chapter 2 in Learning in Groups.
New Directions for Teaching and Learning Series, No. 14. San Franisco: Jossey-Bass.
Michaelsen, Larry K., Black, R.H., and Fink, L.D. (1996). What every faculty developer needs
to know about learning groups. In To Improve the Academy: Resources for Faculty,
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Instructional and Organizational Development. Richlin, L. (Ed.). Stillwater, OK: New Forums
Press.
Michaelsen, Larry K., Fink, L. Dee, Knight, Arletta. (1997), Designing Effective Group
Activities: Lessons for Classroom Teaching and Faculty Development. In: To Improve the
Academy: Resources for Faculty, Instructional and Organizational Development. DeZure, D.
(Ed.). Stillwater, OK: New Forums.
Mills, Barbara. Helping Faculty Learn to Teach Better and “Smarter” Through Sequenced
Activities. To Improve the Academy – find ref.
Morabito, Melissa Schaefer and Richard R. Bennett. (2006) Socrates in the Modern
Classroom: How Are Large Classes in Criminal Justice Being Taught? Journal of Criminal
Justice Education. 17:1, 103-120.
Olmstead, K. (1991) Using classroom research in a large introductory science course. New
Directions for Teaching and Learning. 46, 55-65.
Smith, Mary Lee and Gene V. Glass. (1980) Meta-analysis of Research on Class Size and Its
Relationship to Attitudes and Instruction. American Educational Research Journal. 17:4. 419433.
Stanley, C.A. & Porter, M.E. (Eds.) (2002). Engaging large classes: Strategies and Techniques
for College Faculty. Bolton, MA : Anker Publishing Company, c2002.
Switzer, Jamie S. (2004) Teaching Computer-Mediated Visual Communication to a Large
Section: A Constructivist Approach. Innovative Higher Education. 29:2.
Weimer, M. G. (ed.) (1987) Teaching Large Classes Well. New Directions for Teaching and
Learning.32. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Iowa State
http://www.celt.iastate.edu/teaching/tips.html
Penn State
http://www.schreyerinstitute.psu.edu/Tools/Large/
University of California, Berkeley
http://teaching.berkeley.edu/bgd/largelecture.html
University of Illinois
http://www.oir.uiuc.edu/Did/Resources/Illini%20Instructor/largeclasses.html
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University of Maryland
http://www.cte.umd.edu/library/teachingLargeClass/guide/index.html
University of Minnesota
http://www1.umn.edu/innovate/tc.html
University of Oklahoma
http://www.ou.edu/pii/tips/ideas/3keys.html
http://www.ou.edu/pii/tips/ideas/quick16.html
http://www.ou.edu/pii/teamlearning/index.html
http://pii.ou.edu/
2. Klicker
Beispiel für Audience Response System an deutschen Hochschulen
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Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg (Abteilung Hautklinik)
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Universität Duisburg-Essen (Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät) Prof. Mochty
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Universität Stuttgart (Fakultät für Bauingenieurswesen) Prof. Friedrich
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Universität Münster (Medizinische Fakultät SoSe 2009) https://medicampus.unimuenster.de/mars_doz.html
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Universität Oldenburg http://be.informatik.unioldenburg.de/download/HandreichungQwizdom.pdf
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Ruhr-Universität Bochum http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oEqR0EitB4s
Beispiele für Audience Response System an ausländischen Hochschulen
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University of East Anglia http://www.uea.ac.uk/is/lt/tools/ars
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University of Wisconsin Health Sciences
http://www.med.wisc.edu/facilities/hslc/audience-response-system/26859
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University of Illinois http://www.uis.edu/ITS/iss/ars.html
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Boston University http://www.bu.edu/tech/instructionalsupport/classroom/audience-response/
Forschungsergebnisse
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1) http://www.turningtechnologies.com/responsesystemsupport/producttraining/cases
tudies/
2) http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/5111/1/Plischko_Rainer.pdf
Dissertation LMU München: Mediale Gestaltung von Vorlesungen in der medizinischen
Ausbildung mit Hilfe eines Audience-Response-Systems
3) Studie zur Verwendung von „Clickern“ in Klassen (University of Wisconsin)
http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/EDU06283.pdf
4) Studie/Evaluation von ARS in Ingenieursstudiengängen an der Rowan University
http://www.istl.org/10-winter/article1.html
Literatur
Anderson, Richard J. et al. (2003): Promoting Interaction In Large Classes With ComputerMediated Feedback. Computer Supported Collaborative Learning Proceedings.
Banks, D. A. (2006): Audience response systems in higher education. Applications and cases.
Information Science Pub.; Information Science Publ., Hershey, PA.
Beatty, Ian (2004): Transforming Student Learning with Classroom Communication Systems,
Educause Center for Applied Research Research Bulletin.
Beatty, Ian D. et al. (2006): Designing effective questions for classroom response system
teaching. American Journal of Physics, Bd. 74, 1.
Crews, Tena B. et al. (2011): Clickers in the Classroom: Transforming Students into Active
Learners. ECAR Research Bulletin 9.
Davis, B. (1993): Tools for Teaching. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Fies, Carmen/ Marshall, Jill (2006): Classroom Response Systems: A review of the Literature.
Journal of Science, Education and Technology, Bd. 15.
Hasler, Béatrice et al. (2009): „Annotated Lectures“: Student-Instructor Interaction in LargeScale Global Education. Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, 7(5).
Jeschke, Sabina 2004: Mathematik in Virtuellen Wissensräumen – IuK-Strukturen und ITTechnologien in Lehre und Forschung. Online:
http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgibin/dokserv?idn=971017182&dok_var=d1&dok_ext=pdf&filename=971017182.pdf
Kay, Robin H./ LeSage, Ann (2009): A strategic assessment of audience response systems
used in higher education. Australsian Journal of Educational Technology, 25(2), 235-249.
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Kerres, M. (2003): Wirkungen und Wirksamkeit neuer Medien in der Bildung. In: R. KeillSlawik & Kerres (Eds), Education Quality Forum. Wirkungen und Wirksamkeit neuer Medien.
Münster: Waxmann.
Kerres, M. (2004): Zur Integration digitaler Wissenswerkzeuge in die Hochschule. In: Kruse,
Elke et al. (Eds): Unbegrenztes Lernen – Lernen über Grenzen? Generierung und Verteilung
von Wissen in der Hochschulentwicklung. Münster: LIT-Verlag.
Ketteridge et al. (2002): The effective academic, in: Hartley, Peter (Ed) (2005): Enhancing
Teaching in Higher Education.
Helmerich, J. und Scherer J. (2007): Interaktion zwischen Lehrenden und Lernenden in
Medien unterstützten Veranstaltungen, in: Neue Trends im E-Learning: Aspekte der
Betriebswirtschaftslehre und Informatik, S. 197-210.
Prensky, Marc (2001): Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants. In: On the Horizon. MCB University
Press, Vol.9, No.5.
Scheele, N. et al. (2004): Die interaktive Vorlesung in der Praxis. DeLFI 2004: die 2. eLearning Fachtagung Informatik, Tagung der Fachgruppe e-Learning der Gesellschaft für
Informatik e.V. (GI), 6.-8. September 2004 in Paderborn. P-52, 283-294.
Sellar, Melanie (2010): Poll Everywhere. Standard Review. The Charleston Advisor, January
2011. Online:
http://docserver.ingentaconnect.com/deliver/connect/charleston/15254011/v12n3/s15.pdf
?expires=1330503883&id=67473240&titleid=75002231&accname=RWTH+Aachen+Hochsch
ulbibliothek&checksum=C72E182E1A83A266C60718882EC9BA75
Trees, A.R./ Jackson, M.H. (2007): The learning environment in clicker classrooms: student
processes of learning and involvement in large university-level courses using student
response systems. Learning, Media and Technology, Vol. 32, No.1, pp.21-40.
Veen, Wim (2006): Homo Zappiens. Growing up in a digital age.
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