Biology Third Quarter Review
1. What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?
2. What organelle synthesizes proteins?
3. What is this monomer? Identify its parts. What polymer does this monomer make?
4. What is the function of an enzyme and what three things affect its rate?
5. Complete the following chart
Organism
Example
How do they obtain energy?
Producer/Autotroph
Herbivore
Carnivore
hawk
Omnivore
bear
Detritivore
Decomposer
6. What level has the greatest amount of available energy?
7. What would happen to the other organisms if the producers were to die?
8. Label the pyramid with the following terms. Each level contains only one term.
(Secondary consumers, producers, primary consumers, tertiary consumers)
9. What is biodiversity?
10. What is the equation for photosynthesis? (In words and the chemical formula)
11. What three things affect the rate of photosynthesis?
12. What is the equation for cellular respiration? (In words and chemical formula)
13. Why do cells need to perform cellular respiration?
14. What types of cells are produced from mitosis and meiosis?
15. How many bases code for an amino acid?
16. In order, what molecules are involved in making a protein?
17. Given the DNA sequence, AATCGCCGA, what is the complementary DNA strand?
18. What is the mRNA strand for the DNA strand AATCGCCGA?
19. What amino acids are coded in the DNA strand AATCGCCGA?
20. What is the law of segregation?
21. What is the law of independent assortment?
22. Why do different types of proteins exist?
23. What is Natural Selection?
24. What is evolution?
25. What are homologous structures? Give an example.
26. What are the chromosomes of a genetically normal female?
27. What are the chromosomes of a genetically normal male?
28. What happens to a person after they receive a vaccination?
29. What hormone causes an allergic reaction? (Hint: starts with a “h”)
30. Why are cells differentiated (specialized)? Do all cells contain the entire genome?
31. What is genetic engineering?
32. How are mutations passed from one generation to the next?
33. What is a mutation?
34. What is speciation?
35. What leads to speciation? Give all three example of the answer.
36. What is genetic drift?
37. What is genetic equilibrium?
38. Complete the chart:
Evidence for Evolution
Embryology
Explanation
Geographic Distribution
Homologous Structures
Fossil Record
39.
What white blood cell is responsible for engulfing bacteria? (Hint: starts with a “p”)
40.
If a person has HIV or AIDS, why may they not be able to fight off simple infections?
41.
What structures are involved in the body’s first line of defense against infection?
42.
What is the difference between a sensory neuron, motor neuron, and interneuron?
43.
If the body’s temperature rises to a high level, what homeostatic mechanism does it use to
cool back down?
44.
What is a neurotransmitter? What is the space that neurotransmitters cross?
45.
What part of a neuron initially receives the message from a previous neuron?
(Remember…DCASN!)
46.
How many chromosomes are in a typical body cell?
47.
How many chromosomes are in a human sex cell?
48.
What is a stimulus? What type of neuron receives the stimulus?
49.
What is a synapse?
50.
Antibiotics are effective against what type of disease?
51.
Complete the following table about macromolecules.
Polymer
Monomer
Glucose/Monosaccharide
Function
Example
DNA/RNA
Enzyme
Cell membrane
52.
How is an observation different from a hypothesis? Give an example of each.
53.
How is a hypothesis different from a theory?
54.
In humans, curly hair (H) is dominant over straight hair(h). If two curly haired humans
produced a straight haired kid, the gentoypes of the parents are…. (Show your work with a
punnett square)
55.
Looking at the pedigree below, write the genotype of each person below their shape. If there
was a female carrier, what would her shape look like? Draw it here:
56.
Draw 2 neurons transmitting messages and label the following parts.
dendrites
cell body
axon
synapse
neurotransmitter
57.
Draw a DNA double helix and circle the nucleotide found in your drawing.
58. The following pair of gametes can unite to create a normal human zygote. Explain why in three
complete sentences.
22 + X
22+X
59. Shannon gets the 2011 flu pretty badly in the winter of 2011. The next year (2012) she doesn’t get
that flu again. Why? Answer in 2 complete sentences with this one vocabulary word : antibodies.
60. Matt’s mom has colorblindness, but his dad is normal. What are the chances that Matt must be
colorblind. Remember….. colorblindness is a sex linked trait. You must use XX for women and XY for
men.
61. Draw a picture of protein synthesis and you must include the following labeled in your drawing:
nucleus
mRNA
tRNA
amino acids
protein
codon
anticodon
ribosome
cytoplasm