PART I
Answer all 50 questions on the scantron provided.
DIRECTIONS: Read each question carefully. Select the response that best answers the
question or completes the statement.
1. Which source of information is considered a primary source?
(1) travel diary of Ibn Battuta
(2) modern novel about the Golden Age of Islam
(3) textbook on the history of North Africa
(4) dictionary of English words adapted from Arabic
2. The term subsistence farming is best defined as
(1) redistributing farmland
(2) producing only enough crops to meet family needs
(3) irrigating farmland
(4) exchanging farm products for money



Separated the cultures of Europe and Asia
Hindered, but did not prevent, invaders from entering India
Terraced to increase food production in South America
3. Which geographic feature is being described in these statements?
(1) river valleys
(2) steppes
(3) mountains
(4) tundra
4. During which period did the domestication of animals and growing crops first
occur?
(1) Iron Age
(2) Old Stone Age
(3) Scientific Revolution
(4) Neolithic Revolution
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5. What was a result of the Neolithic Revolution?
(1) Civilizations developed.
(2) Humans first learned to use fire.
(3) Life expectancy declined.
(4) People began hunting and gathering for food.
6. The Neolithic Revolution is considered a turning point in history because it
(1) influenced climatic changes
(2) included the domestication of plants and animals
(3) encouraged a nomadic lifestyle
(4) caused a decline in population
7. Which heading best completes the partial outline below?
I.___________________________
A. Centralized governments
B. Organized religions
C. Social classes
D. Specialization of labor
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Economic Development in Ancient Egypt
Cultural Diffusion in Mohenjo-Daro
Features of the Old Stone Age
Characteristics of Civilization
8. Which geographic factor had a major influence on the development of both Egypt and
Babylonian civilizations?
(1) river valleys
(2) cool temperatures
(3) locations near a strait
(4) mountains
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9. … “If a man has knocked out the teeth of a man of the same rank, his own teeth shall be
knocked out. If he has knocked out the teeth of a plebeian (commoner), he shall pay one-third
of a mina of silver.”…
--Code of Hammurabi
Which statement is supported by this excerpt from Hammurabi’s code of laws?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
All men are equal under the law
Fines are preferable to physical punishment
Law sometimes distinguishes between social classes
Violence must always be punished with violence
Base your answer to question 10 on the illustration below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
10. Based on the information in this illustration, which statement about the society ancient
Egypt is accurate?
(1) The women had equal status to the men.
(2) The social structure was hierarchical.
(3) Social mobility was unrestricted.
(4) Soldiers outnumbered farmers.
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11. What effect did the geography of ancient Greece have on its early development?
(1) The mountainous terrain led to the creation of independent city-states.
(2) A lack of natural seaports limited communication.
(3) An inland location hindered trade and colonization.
(4) Abundant natural resources encouraged self-sufficiency.
12. Which statement most likely represents the view of a citizen of ancient Athens visiting
Sparta?
(1) “The government and society in Sparta are so strict. The people
have little voice in government.”
(2) “I feel as though I have never left home. Everything here is the same
as it is Athens.”
(3) “This society allows for more freedom of expression than I have ever
experienced in Athens.”
(4)“I have never heard of a society like Sparta that believes in one God.”
13. Which society practiced direct democracy?
(1) ancient Athens
(2) dynastic China
(3) Gupta Empire
(4) early Egypt
14. Which description accurately identifies Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?
(1) rulers of the Roman Republic
(2) artists of the Italian Renaissance
(3) religious leaders of the Protestant Reformation
(4) philosophers of ancient Greece
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Base your answers to questions 15 and 16 on the illustrations below and on your knowledge
of social studies.
15. Which concept is most closely related to the main idea of the illustration?
(1) isolation
(2) cultural diffusion
(3) armed conflict
(4) urbanization
16. Which leader is most clearly associated with the accomplishment shown by the illustration
(1)Charlemagne
(2) Mansa Musa
(3) Alexander the Great
(4) Suleiman the Magnificent
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Base your answers to questions 17 and 18 on the map below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
17. Which statement is best supported by the information on this map?
(1) The Roman Empire extended over three continents.
(2) Rivers kept invaders out of the Roman Empire.
(3)Alexandria served as the eastern capital of the Roman Empire.
(4) Carthage was eventually destroyed by the Romans.
18. Based on the information provided by this map, which body of water was most likely the
center of Roman trade?
(1) Red Sea
(2) Black Sea
(3) Atlantic Ocean
(4) Mediterranean Sea
19. Which ancient civilization is associated with the Twelve Tables, and extensive road system,
and the poets Horace and Virgil?
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(1) Babylonian
(2) Greek
(3) Phoenician
(4) Roman
20. The Twelve Tables were written laws of
(1) ancient Babylonia
(2) the Mauryan Empire
(3) the British Empire
(4) ancient Rome
21. The Pillars of Emperor Asoka of the Mauryan Empire and the Code of Hammurabi of
Babylon are most similar to the
(1) ziggurats of Sumeria
(2) map projections of Mercator
(3) Great Sphinx of the Egyptians
(4) Twelve Tables of the Romans
22. One contribution of ancient Roman culture was the development of
(1) the concept of zero
(2) the process of making silk
(3) a republican form of government
(4) the printing press
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Base your answers to question 23 on the graphic organizer below and on your knowledge of
social studies.
23. Which item best completes this graphic organizer?
(1) Development of the Wheel
(2) Preservation of Greek and Roman Culture
(3) Creation of the Compass
(4) Utilization of Cuneiform
24. Kievian Russia adopted the Eastern Orthodox religion, the Cyrillic alphabet and different
styles of art and architecture through contact with
(1) traders from South Asia
(2) conquering invaders from Mongolia
(3) crusaders from western Europe
(4) missionaries from the Byzantine Empire
25. Constantinople’s location on the Bosporus Strait was one reason that the Byzantine Empire
was able to
(1) conquer the Russian city of Moscow
(2) spread Judaism throughout western Europe
(3) control key trade routes between Europe and Asia
(4) unite the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches
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26. Before the use of the Silk Road, how did geography affect early China?
(1) The mountains and deserts in western and southwestern China slowed the
exchange of ideas.
(2) The northwestern region provided many fertile areas suitable for farming.
(3) The three major river systems provided barriers against invasion.
(4) The lack of deep-water ports on the eastern coast prevented China from
developing trade with other nations.
Base your answer to question 27 on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies.
27. This map shows that the Silk Road
(1) crossed both Africa and Asia
(2) was located primarily in Asia
(3) followed a single route
(4) started in Khotan
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28. The exchange of silks and spices and the spread of Buddhism along the Silk Roads are
examples of
(1) cultural diffusion
(2) self-sufficiency
(3) ethnocentrism
(4) desertification
29. Ethnocentrism is best defined as
(1) the belief that one’s culture is superior to all others
(2) military preparation for a civil war
(3) love and devotion to one’s country
(4) a belief in one god
“… Let the king and his ministers labor with a mutual sympathy, saying, ‘We have received the
decree of Heaven and it shall be great as the long continued years of Hsia; yea, it shall not fail of
the long-continued years of Yin.’ I wish the king through the attachment of the lower people,
to receive the long-abiding decree of Heaven….”
--Clae Waltheam, ed., Shu Ching, Book of History
Henry Regnery Company
30. Which concept is being referred to in this passage?
(1) dynastic cycle
(2) matriarchal society
(3) natural rights
(4) monotheism
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Base your answer to question 31 on the map below and on your knowledge of Social Studies.
31. According to the map, which conclusion about China during the Tang and Song dynasties is
accurate?
(1) Most trade routes began in Beijing.
(2) China’s overland trade routes connected China to Japan.
(3) The areas under the control of these dynasties did not change.
(4) China traded extensively with other nations and regions.
32. Technological achievements made during the Tang and Song dynasties were important
because they
(1) were used to defeat Kublai Khan
(2) contributed to economic growth and cultural advancement
(3) increased contact with the Americas
(4) led to social equality between men and women
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33. Which civilization first developed a civil service system, invented gunpowder, and
manufactured porcelain?
(1) Aztec
(2) Chinese
(3) Japanese
(4) Roman
34. The development of the concept of zero, the use of a decimal system, and the Buddhist
cave paintings at Ajanta are all achievements of the
(1) Inca Empire
(2) Gupta Empire
(3) Roman Republic
(4) Kingdom of Songhai
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Base your answer to question 35 on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies.
35. Which generalization about the Maurya and Gupta Empires is supported by the map?
(1) Expansion was limited by geographic factors
(2) Trade contributed to stable societies
(3) Extensive road systems unified India
(4) Southern India was isolated from northern India
36. Which action is most closely associated with polytheism?
(1) praying in a synagogue
(2) accepting the Eightfold Path
(3) worshipping many gods
(4) reading the Koran
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37. Confucianism had a strong impact on the development of China mainly because this
philosophy
(1) established a basic structure for military rule
(2) provided a basis for social order
(3) contained the framework for a communist government
(4) stressed the importance of the individual
Base your answer to question 38 on the illustration below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
38. The illustration shows the relationship between individuals in a society according to the
ideas of
(1) Confucius
(2) Moses
(3) Mohammad
(4) Siddhartha Gautama
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39. Which belief is most closely associated with the philosophy of Confucianism?
(1) nirvana
(2) reincarnation
(3) prayer
(4) filial piety
Base your answers to questions 40 and 41 on the diagram
40. Which concept is illustrated in the diagram?
(1) manorialism
(2) apartheid
(3) caste
(4) encomienda
41. Which religion or belief system is most closely associated with the social class system in the
diagram?
(1) Hinduism
(2) Daoism
(3) Catholicism
(4) animism
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42. The caste system in India was characterized by
(1) toleration for various religious beliefs
(2) equality between men and women
(3) a lack of social mobility
(4) the right of people to choose their occupations
43. Which factor most influenced a person’s social position in early Indian societies?
(1) education
(2) birth
(3) geographic location
(4) individual achievement
44. Which belief system is most closely associated with the terms Eightfold Path, Four Noble
Truths, and nirvana?
(1) Buddhism
(2) Christianity
(3) Judaism
(4) Shinto
45. Which belief system is considered monotheistic?
(1) Jainism
(2) Daoism
(3) Judaism
(4) Shinto
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Base your answers to question 46 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
…..The actual journey to Mecca [Makkah ] began on the fifth of Dhu al-Hijjah, 1393 (the 29th of
December, 1973, according to the Gregorian calendar), at Beirut International Airport, but it
was not until the afternoon of the seventh that I donned [put on] the Ihram [robe] and drove
along on the road from Jiddah to Mecca. The road was crowded with cars, buses and trucks all
packed with pilgrims chanting the Hajj refrain, the Talbiyah….
-Michael E. Jansen, An American Girl on the Hajj
46. This passage describes the experience of a follower of
(1) Christianity
(2) Islam
(3) Hinduism
(4) Judaism
47. Which practice is most closely associated with a person of the Islamic faith?
(1) refraining from eating meat on Fridays
(2) praying five times a day
(3) following the Eightfold Path
(4) worshipping many gods
48. One way in which the Five Relationships, the Ten Commandments and the Eightfold Path
are similar is that they
(1) promote polytheism
(2) establish gender equality
(3) provide codes of behavior
(4) describe secularism
49. A major contribution of the Golden Age of Islam was the
(1) development of mercantilism
(2) creation of the first polytheistic religion
(3) spread of democratic ideals
(4) advancement of mathematics and science
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50. Which statement about the Golden Age of Islam is a fact rather than an opinion?
(1) Islamic art was more abstract than Greek art.
(2) Muslims were the best early mathematicians.
(3) Islamic society preserved Greek and Roman culture.
(4) Muslim artists had more talent than European artists.
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