Chapter 17 Section 1 Review Questions #1-5 pg 511
1. Carbon = C, Aluminum = Al, Hydrogen = H, Oxygen = O, and Sodium = Na
2. Protons = +1, Nuetrons = no charge, Electrons = -1
3. Atoms are the smallest particles of matter that still retains the property of the element while
protons and neutrons are made of quarks. Quarks found by accelerating and smashing together
charged particles with lots of force and velocity through electric and magnetic fields.
Information gathered lead scientists to identify subatomic particles (p,n,e) and each particle’s
inner structure.
4. The electron cloud is an area around the nucleus where its electrons are most likely found.
Size is 100,000 times larger than the diameter of the nucleus.
5. Variable answers: spinning blades would be like electron cloud while axis linked to motor would
be like the nucleus.
Chapter 17 Section 2 Review Questions #1-5 pg 515
1. Chlorine has 17 protons and 18 neutrons, Atomic #: 17, Mass #: 35
2. Isotopes of the same element always have the same number of protons, but different numbers
of nuetrons.
3. Atomic mass of an element is the average because it is the weighted-average mass of the
mixture of its isotopes.
4. Potassium has an atomic number of 19, so potassium-40 has an atomic mass or mass number of
40, the number of neutrons equal 40-19 = 21 neutrons
5. The atomic number of chlorine is 17 regardless. Cl has atomic mass of 35.45 amu and the two
isotopes are chlorine-35 and chlorine-37. This means chlorine-35 isotope has 18 neutrons and
chlorine-37 isotope has 20 neutrons. Since the weighted atomic mass is 35.45 amu, this would
mean that chlorine-35 with 18 neutrons occurs more frequently in nature than chlorine-37
with 20 neutrons because 35.45 amu is closer to 35 than 37.