Animal Science
Semester Study Guide
December 2015
Name: ______________________________
Answer the following questions to prepare you for your test.
1. What is the definition of livestock?
Animals that are produced on farms and ranches
for food and other purposes (ex. Cattle, swine,
sheep, horses and goats)
2. What are the functions of animals?
Food, Clothing, and By-products
3. What was the first animal to be domesticated?
Dog was the first animal. Sheep were the 1st
livestock species.
4. Which term describes an animal with one hoof?
Perissodactyla
5. What term in the order of classification is the
most specific?
Species
6. Which term in taxonomy is always capitalized?
Genus
7. What is animal ethics?
The examination of moral issues to determine
right from wrong when dealing with human
character and conduct
8. What is the goal of animal rights?
To abolish animal use
13. What is the time period for disposing of a dead
animal after death?
24-48 hours
14. What is the main objective in handling livestock
waste?
To prevent surface and ground water pollution
15. Where is the point of balance located on a cow?
Shoulder
16. The temperature at which animals will show
symptoms of heat stress.
Upper critical temperature
17. What is the most effective of the four types of
odor control?
Masking agent
18. What is the best way to dispose of dead animals?
Rendering or disposal plant
19. Bessy the cow escapes from her feedlot and runs
in the path of oncoming traffic. A car carrying a
family of four hits her. The two children in the
car suffer minor injuries and the car is totaled.
Who is responsible for the damages?
The owner of Bessy the cow
9. What is the goal of animal welfare?
The regulation of animal use
10. Which important legislative act regulates
slaughter practices, and the fact that all livestock
must be slaughtered in a humane manner to
prevent needless suffering?
Humane Slaughter Act
11. What is the final step in controlling runoff from
feedlots?
Disposal
12. How many tons of manure are produced each
year on livestock farms in the United States?
2 billion tons
20. The following are examples of which type of
behavior.
- Cows that are in heat, allow themselves to
be mounted by others
- Bulls, rams, and stallions smell the vagina
and urine to detect pheromones
Sexual Behavior
21. The following are examples of which type of
behavior.
- Mothers clean their young by licking them
- Mothers fight off intruders
- Mothers become aggressive in protecting
their young after birth
Maternal Behavior
22. The following are examples of which type of
behavior.
- Distress calls- lambs bleat, calves bawl, pigs
squeal
- Farm animals respond to calls or whistles of
the producer
- Bulls bellow deeply to communicate
aggressive behavior
Communicative Behavior
30. Is PETA an animal rights or an animal welfare
organization?
Animal Welfare
31. What causes gases and odors to be given off by
animal manure?
Anaerobic bacteria breaking down organic
material
32. What are two types of stimulus?
23. The following are examples of which type of
behavior.
- Cattle, sheep, goats, and swine defecate
while standing or walking, urinate while
standing but not walking
- Cattle defecate 12-18 times/day, urinate 711 times/day
Internal and external
33. What is the scientific name for a horse?
Equus caballus
34. Who was the founder of the classification
system for naming livestock?
Eliminative
Linnaeus
24. Hunger, thirst, or the need to scratch an itch is
an example of which type of stimulus?
Internal Stimulus
35. What is the scientific name for cattle?
Bos tarus
36. What is the definition of breed?
25. What type of behavior develops during an
animals’ lifetime?
Group of animal of a common origin
Learned Behavior
37. What is the scientific name for sheep?
26. What is conditioning?
Behavior that occurs when the behavior is
modified so that the response to one stimulus
becomes associated with a different response.
27. What is imprinting?
Ovis aries
38. What is the definition of purebred?
Animals whose sire and dam are of the same
breed
Behavior occurs when an animal forms a social
attachment to another organism within a specific
time period after birth?
39. What is the scientific name for swine?
Sus scrofa
40. What is the scientific name for chickens?
28. What class do all farm livestock belong to?
Gallus domesticus
Mammalia
41. What is the scientific name for goats?
Capra hircus
29. What was the first livestock species to be
domesticated?
Sheep (livestock species)
42. Complete the following flow chart using the order of hierarchy:
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Determine if the statements listed below are a characteristic of animal rights or animal welfare. If it is animal
welfare place an “A” on the blank. If it is animal rights, place a “B” on the blank. (2 points each)
43.
44.
45.
46.
___B___ Keeping animals in confinement is unethical.
__A____ My pet rabbit is kept in a large cage and has plenty of room to run and play.
___B___ Animals should not be used for food, clothing, or entertainment.
__A____ Animals used for food, clothing, and entertainment purposes is acceptable as long as they are treated
humanely.
47. __A____ I don’t like the idea of animal testing, but if it helps humans, and the animals are taken good care of, it
is okay.
48. __B____ Rodeos, horse racing, and circuses are all unethical.
Define the following:
A. Dilution
To weaken by mixing with another element.
B. Stimulus
Anything in the environment that causes a reaction.
C. Animal Husbandry
The art of working with animals.
M. Liable
Legally obligated or responsible.
N. Aerobic
Must have oxygen for the bacteria to work.
O. Confinement
To make impure.
D. Crossbred
Offspring resulting from the crossing of a male of one breed with a female of another breed.
E. Contaminate
To make impure.
F. Taxonomy
The science of identifying, classifying, and naming living things.
G. Animal Science
The study of the biology and management of domestic animals.
H. Binomial Nomenclature
A two-name system of classification.
I.
Fertilizer
Any organic or inorganic material added to soil or water to provide plant nutrients and to increase the growth, yield,
quantity or nutritive value of the plants.
J. Trespass
To enter onto another’s land without his/her permission.
K. Anaerobic
Bacteria that work without oxygen.
L. Behavior
The way an organism interacts with other organisms and their environment.