科目名
Course Title
講義題目
Subtitle
責任教員
Instructor-in-charge
Hiroyuki TAKAKURA [Division of Applied Physics] Email: takakura@eng.hokudai.ac.jp
担当教員
Other instructors
科目種別
Class specification
開講年度
Academic year
授業形態
Class type
対象学科・クラス
Eligible department/class
2011
講義
Lecture
Engineering
開講学期
Semester
単位数
Credits
補足事項
Other information
1 学期
Summer
2
時間割番号 e3 Course No.
対象年次
Expected students
3806
MC1 ～ DC3
Keywords:
Crystal structure, symmetry, space groups, X-ray diffraction, neutron scattering, electron diffraction, space-time pair-correlation function, diffractometry and spectroscopy
Objectives:
The aim of this course is to provide basic knowledge of diffraction from condensed matter (sold, liquid and gas). The main focus will be on X-ray diffraction and neutron scattering from crystals. This course will provide the attendee with the following essential understandings that will be essential if we wish to understand microscopic structure of matter: (1) Symmetry of condensed matter, (2)
Diffraction from condensed matter. (3) Structural evaluation of condensed matter.
到達目標 Goals:
To understand the quantum nature of electrons in condensed matters and theoretically derive its physical properties by oneself.
Outline:
1.
Introduction
1-1. X-rays, neutrons, and electrons – basic properties
2.
Structure and symmetry of crystals
2-1. symmetry of matter, point groups, space group
2-2. use of International Tables A
3.
Diffraction from crystals
3-1. crystal structure factors
3-2. diffraction geometry
3-3. reciprocal lattice space
3-4. powder method, Laue method, single crystal method
4.
Diffraction theory
4-1. scattering from a single atom
4-2. scattering cross-sections
4-3. elastic scattering, inelastic scattering
4-4. coherent scattering, incoherent scattering
4-5. space-time pair-correlation function
5.
Other topics
5-1. crystal structure determination, phase transitions, magnetic diffraction
Homework:
Grading: based on attendance (20%) reports (30%) and final exam or report (50%).
Textbooks: ”Elementary Scattering Theory: For X-ray and Neutron Users”, D. S. Sivia, Oxford University Press,
2011, ( ISBN-13: 978-0199228683) , Handout is distributed and references are indicated in the handout.
References:
The referential textbooks are introduced at the beginning of lecture. Here is some examples: “Space groups for Solid State Scientists
(Second Edition), Gerald Burns, and A. M. Glazer, Academic Press, 1990 (ISBN: 0-12-145761-3), “X-ray diffraction”, B. E. Warren,
Dover, 1990 (ISBN: 0-486-66317-5), “Introduction to the theory of Thermal Neutron Scattering”, G. L. Squires, Dover, 1997 (ISBN:
0-486-69447-X)
Website:
Pre-requisite: applied mathematics, elementary quantum mechanics and elementary statistical mechanics