Subject Group of Applied Physics
3806
Diffraction Physics
Summer
Description and rationale: The aim of this course is to provide basic knowledge of diffraction from condensed
matter (sold, liquid and gas). The main focus will be on X-ray diffraction and neutron scattering from crystals. This
course will provide the attendee with the following essential understandings that will be essential if we wish to
understand microscopic structure of matter:
(1) Symmetry of condensed matter
(2) Diffraction from condensed matter
(3) Structural evaluation of condensed matter
Keywords: Crystal structure, symmetry, space groups, X-ray diffraction, neutron scattering, electron diffraction,
space-time pair-correlation function, diffractometry and spectroscopy.
Pre-requisite:
basic quantum mechanics, statistical physics and solid state physics
Expected students:
Instructor:
master and doctoral
Assoc. Prof Hiroyuki TAKAKURA (takakura@eng.hokudai.ac.jp)
Course Outline:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Introduction
1-1. X-rays, neutrons, and electrons – basic properties
Structure and symmetry of crystals
2-1. symmetry of matter, point groups, space group
2-2. use of International Tables A
Diffraction from crystals
3-1. crystal structure factors
3-2. diffraction geometry
3-3. reciprocal lattice space
3-4. powder method, Laue method, single crystal method
Diffraction theory
4-1. scattering from a single atom
4-2. scattering cross-sections
4-3. elastic scattering, inelastic scattering
4-4. coherent scattering, incoherent scattering
4-5. space-time pair-correlation function
Other topics
5-1. crystal structure determination, phase transitions, magnetic diffraction
Grading:
based on attendance (20%) reports (30%) and final exam or report (50 %).
Textbooks and references: Handout is distributed and references are indicated in the handout. The
referential textbooks are introduced at the beginning of lecture. Here is some examples: “Space groups for Solid
State Scientists (Second Edition), Gerald Burns, and A. M. Glazer, Academic Press, 1990 (ISBN: 0-12-145761-3),
“X-ray diffraction”, B. E. Warren, Dover, 1990 (ISBN: 0-486-66317-5), “Introduction to the theory of Thermal
Neutron Scattering”, G. L. Squires, Dover, 1997 (ISBN: 0-486-69447-X)
6/2009