Understanding genetics #2
Student vocabulary sheet
Word
Definition
Examples
Picture
1. Alleles
2.
Dominant gene
3. Recessive gene
Practice:
B = brown eyes
C = curly hair
1.
2.
3.
4.
b = blue eyes
c = straight hair
What is the symbol (letter) for someone who has brown eyes? _____
What is the symbol for someone who has straight hair? ______
What is the symbol for someone who has blue eyes? ______
A capital letter represents ? ______
G = green plant
T = tall plant
1.
2.
3.
4.
g = yellow plant
t = short plant
What is the symbol a plant that is green? ______
What is the symbol for a plant that is short? ______
What is the symbol for a plant that is yellow? ______
A lowercase letter represents ? ______
Using symbols in genetics: Here are the rules!!!
1. Use ____________ to represent genes
2. Always have ______ letters – there are usually 2 ________ for each trait (*from now on you will always use 2 letters when doing genetics**)
4.
Word
Purebred or Homozygous
Definition
Example
Picture
5. Hybrid or Heterozygous (a
“mutt”)
Purebreds vs. Hybrids Practice:
Using T = tall, t = short Complete the following problems:
Two dominant tall genes: ______
T = tall
G = green
t = short
g = yellow
Two recessive short genes: ______
1. A plant is purebred tall. What genes does it have? ______
One dominant and one recessive: ______
2. A plant is hybrid green. What genes does it have? ______
3. A plant is purebred yellow. What genes does it have? ______
B = brown
C = curly
b = blue
c = straight
1. A dog is purebred with brown eyes. What genes does it have? ______
2. A person is hybrid with curly hair. What genes does he have? ______
3. A dog has blue eyes. What genes does it have? ______
Word
6. Genotype
Definition
7. Phenotype
Phenotype and Genotype Practice Problems:
T = tall
t = short
1. What is the phenotype for a person who is tall? ______
2. What is the genotype for a person who is short? ______
3. What is the phenotype for a person who is short? ______
4. What is the genotype for a person who is tall? ______
Examples
Picture