Español IV
Libro-Realidades 2
Hora III y Hora IV
Vocabulario
Impersonal
SE
Capítulo 7A
fiestas
El 11 de
noviembre,
META 1. Vocabulario
de las comidas de los Países de habla español
2. Simon Silva y su arte
3. La Gramática
4. impersonal
2013
SE
Vocabulario
Enlatado
Realidades 2
Congelado
Probar
Estufa
estufa
estufa de leña
La olla
Sartén
Calentar
ç
Frito
Fuego
El horno
pelar
pelar
picar
el pedazo
mezclar
añadir
añadir
Hervir
batir
Camarones al ajillo
Pescado frito
Gazpacho
Ceviche
Platános
Arepas
Arepa
Cheese-filled
arepa
Region or state:
Northern South
America
Main
ingredient(s):
Tortillas (maize
meal or flour)
Recipes at
Wikibooks:
Arepa
Media at
Wikimedia
Commons:
Arepa
Arepa
(Spanish
pronunciation: [aˈɾepa]) is a flatbread made of
ground maize dough or cooked flour prominent
in the cuisine of Colombia and Venezuela.[] It is
eaten daily in those countries and can be served
with various accompaniments such as cheese
(cuajada), avocado, jelly or jam, or (especially
in Venezuela) split and used to make
sandwiches. Various sizes, maize types, and
added ingredients are used to vary its
preparation. It is similar in shape to the Mexican
gordita and the Salvadoran pupusa. Arepas can
also be found in Panama, Puerto Rico, the
Dominican Republic, and the Canary Islands.
tostones
MOJITO
El vinagre
El ajo
El aceite
Salsa
Tortillas
Tacos
Simón Silva
The paintings of celebrated Latino artist
and dynamic speaker, Simón Silva depict
stylized portraits of farm workers bending to
harvest crops, suns radiating heat, and
picturesque fields and valleys. Silva says
this isn’t exactly an idealized portrait of farm
working—as he says, there’s nothing
romantic about field work. The reality is
long, sweaty and painful, destroying knees
and knuckles, backs and bones. But the
portraits do portray farm workers as those
who are worthy of respect, those who do
their jobs with dignity and pride.
“My images are simplistic, powerful,
beautiful, and about the Chicano
culture. I have used these images—
scenes I used to be ashamed of—to
empower myself and other Chicanos.Simon Silva
In fact, Silva said he grew up, like
many from farm working families, with a
tremendous lack of self-esteem. “At a
certain point, I realized my lifestyle wasn’t
normal,” he recalls. “I longed to join sports
teams like other kids and to have new
clothes and to start school on the very first
day and to do something besides work on
the weekends.
But I’d come back to school a week or two
late because we were working the harvest,
and I’d come back with purple hands. There
were other kids that came back with purple
hands like me, but it was always
demoralizing. Sometimes the other kids
would talk about how they went to
Disneyland over the summer or stayed in a
hotel with a pool. People don’t realize that
such innocent comments can hurt so bad.”
During his childhood, from the age of 8
on, Silva worked every Saturday and
Sunday, every holiday, and every day of the
summer doing fieldwork in California’s
sweltering southern desert which was
transformed by irrigation into agricultural
land.
In life, Simon Silva found a passion for
education. “When I first started school, it
was like an oasis for me,” he said. “I craved
love and attention, and I could get it at
school.” From the very first, teachers noted
his artistic abilities and often asked him to
draw. “I used art as a means of escape
from my home life and as a way to be
recognized in a positive manner in school.
Art was very special for me because it
nurtured by self-esteem. It was basically all
I had.” As far as Silva’s family was
concerned, his attraction to art was
irrelevant—something of a hobby rather
than a gift.
Even when he was in the fields, he would
draw whenever he could, scratching a
mural into the ground with a stick on an
“endless earth pad.” “I had such a different
mentality than everyone else in my family,”
he says. “My imagination did a number on
me, and it forced me to think I was adopted.
I even searched the house for adoption
papers.”
When Silva realized he needed a
college education. he encountered family
resistance. Nonetheless, he attended
nearby Imperial Valley College and majored
in art. “To make this decision to go to
college was scary,” he recalls. “I was made
to feel it was a waste of time. On top of that,
I chose art as a profession. That was really
pushing the envelope.”
in the end, Simon reports he
learned what success really means saying,
“It’s not about money. It’s about how you
feel about yourself as a person—to feel
good about what you do and the life you
live.”
Today, when Simon Silva is not working
on his art, he spends his time traveling
around the country speaking to educators,
parents, and students about his
experiences, the importance of art and
literature, and encouraging them to foster
and use creative thinking.
“Art is still looked upon in our society
as unimportant,” he says. “In reality, it is
very important.
There are so many visual and textual
references in our everyday world. It gives
people a way to express themselves and to
share that expression. It gives meaning to
what we do here in this life. It allows us to
form bonds—really deep bonds—with our
fellow human beings. It pushes our society
onward. It changes lives.”
El arte-
Simón Silva
Se Impersonal
In English, you'll hear statements like



"You shouldn't smoke in a hospital"
"They say she is very pretty"
"One never knows when he will
turn up."

These are "impersonal expressions".
In other words, we don't really have
anyone specific in mind when we say
"They say..." or "One" or " You". We
mean people in general. This is what
we mean by "impersonal".
Spanish has a slightly different format
for expressing this Impersonal voice.
Spanish adds the pronoun se in front
of verbs to make general statements.
Impersonal voice using se will use a
singular verb since the se can be
replaced by uno ("one").
Here are some examples:
How does one say
"icecream" in
Italian?
¿Cómo se dice
"helado" en
italiano?
You say (one says)
"gelato".
Se dice "gelato".
How do you spell
"Valencia"?
¿Cómo se escribe
"Valencia"?
Notice that the Plural Impersonal
unknown "they" does not use the se
They say that
Dicen que la pizza
vegetarian pizza is
vegetariana es
healthy.
saludosa.
Abren las tiendas a
They open the
las nueve de la
stores at 9:00am.
mañana.
The "Passive se" is what we call in
English "the passive voice".
An Active voice is when you have a
subject doing something with an
active verb.
In English a Passive voice has an
object having something done to it
with or without an identified subject.
The Passive Voice in English uses a
form of "to Be" with a Past Participle.
look at some examples in English:
An Active Voice
Construction
A Passive Voice
Construction
Sra. Verde teaches
me Spanish.
Spanish is taught
to me (by Sra.
Verde)
I purchased the
dress.
The dress was
purchased (by me)
I drove my father's My father's new car
new car.
was driven (by me)
The Passive Voice in Spanish is
normally formed by using se + the
third person singular or plural
conjugation of a verb, similar to what
we did with the Impersonal se. In
Spanish there is not a subject identified or not!
look at some examples in Spanish and
English:
An Active
Voice
Construction
A Passive
Voice
Construction
Los
dependientes
Spanish
del mercado
hablan ruso.
Se habla ruso
en el
mercado.
The
Russian is
department
spoken in the
English
store clerks
shopping
speak Russian.
center.
David escribe
Spanish
el libro en
italiano.
English
David is
writing the
book in
Italian.
Se escribe el
libro en
italiano.
The book is
written in
Italian.
La heladería
vende una
Spanish
gran cantidad
de helado.
Se vende una
gran cantidad
de helado.
The ice cream
store sells a
English
large quantity
of ice cream.
A large
quantity of
ice cream is
sold.
Spanish
Mis amigos
comieron la
torta.
My friends ate
English
the cake.
Se comió la
torta.
The cake was
eaten.
Spanish
Los choferes
pagan las
multas los
lunes.
Se pagan las
multas los
lunes.
English
Drivers pay
The fines are
the fines on
Mondays.
Realidades 2
paid on
Mondays.
página 360 Actividad 17
Comidas Populares
1.En México se sirve a menudo las frutas.
2.En Puerto Rico se comen tostones con mojito.
3. En España se preparan camarones con ajo.
4. En Argentina se come mucho la carne de res.ç
5. En Bolivia se preparan la papas de maneras
diferentes.
6. En la República Dominicana se sirven los mariscos
bien frescos.
7. En Costa Rica se comen arroz con frijoles.
8. En Nuevo México se sirven las enchiladas con chiles.
Paella
(Catalan and Spanish: [paˈeʎa], English
approximation /pɑːˈeɪlə/, /ˈpaɪjeɪə/ or /ˈpaɪjɛlə/) is a
Valencian rice dish that originated in its modern
form in the mid-19th century near lake Albufera, a
lagoon in Valencia, on the east coast of Spain. Many
non-Spaniards view paella as Spain's national dish,
but most Spaniards consider it to be a regional
Valencian dish. Valencians, in turn, regard paella as
one of their identifying symbols.
There are three widely known types of paella:
Valencian paella (Spanish: paella valenciana),
seafood paella (Spanish: paella de marisco) and
mixed paella (Spanish: paella mixta), but there are
many others as well. Valencian paella consists of
white rice, green vegetables, meat (rabbit, chicken,
duck, land snails), beans and seasoning. Seafood
paella replaces land animals with seafood and omits
beans and green vegetables.
Mixed paella is a free-style combination of land
animals, seafood, vegetables, and sometimes beans.
Most paella chefs use calasparra or bomba rices for
this dish. Other key ingredients include saffron and
olive oil.
In English, you'll hear statements like



"You shouldn't smoke in a hospital"
"They say she is very pretty"
"One never knows when he will turn up."
These are "impersonal expressions". In other
words, we don't really have anyone specific
in mind when we say "They say..." or "One"
or " You". We mean people in general. This
is what we mean by "impersonal".
Spanish has a slightly different format for
expressing this Impersonal voice. Spanish
adds the pronoun se in front of verbs to
make general statements. Impersonal voice
using se will use a singular verb since the se
can be replaced by uno ("one").
Here are some examples:
How does one say
"icecream" in Italian?
¿Cómo se dice "helado"
en italiano?
You say (one says)
"gelato".
Se dice "gelato".
How do you spell
"Valencia"?
¿Cómo se escribe
"Valencia"?
Notice that the Plural Impersonal (unknown
"they") does not use the se :
They say that
vegetarian pizza is
healthy.
Dicen que la pizza
vegetariana es
saludosa.
They open the stores
at 9:00am.
Abren las tiendas a las
nueve de la mañana.
The "Passive se" is what we call in English
"the passive voice".
An Active voice is when you have a subject
doing something with an active verb. In English
a Passive voice has an object having something
done to it with or without an identified
subject.
The Passive Voice in English uses a form of
"to Be" with a Past Participle.
some examples in English:
An Active Voice
Construction
A Passive Voice
Construction
Sra. Verde teaches me
Spanish.
Spanish is taught to
me (by Sra. Verde)
I purchased the dress.
The dress was
purchased (by me)
I drove my father's
new car.
My father's new car
was driven (by me)
The Passive Voice in Spanish is normally
formed by using se + the third person
singular or plural conjugation of a verb,
similar to what we did with the Impersonal
se. In Spanish there is not a subject identified or not!
look at some examples in Spanish and English:
An Active Voice
Construction
A Passive Voice
Construction
Los dependientes
Spanish
del almacén
hablan ruso.
Se habla ruso en
el mercado.
The department Russian is spoken
English store clerks speak in the shopping
Russian.
center.
Spanish
David escribe el
libro en italiano.
Se escribe el
libro en italiano.
English
David is writing
the book in
Italian.
The book is
written in Italian.
Spanish
La heladería
vende una gran
cantidad de
helado.
Se vende una
gran cantidad de
helado.
English
The ice cream
store sells a large
quantity of ice
A large quantity
of ice cream is
sold.
cream.
Spanish
Mis amigos
comieron la
torta.
Se comió la
torta.
English
My friends ate
the cake.
The cake was
eaten.
Spanish
Los choferes
pagan las multas
los lunes.
Se pagan las
multas los lunes.
English
Drivers pay the
fines on Mondays.
The fines are
paid on
-Negative Commands!
TÚ Form
Al introducir negative Tú form commands
Direct negative tú commands are formed by
changing the -as ending of the tú form in the
present tense to -es and the -es ending of the
tú form to -as.
for the verb fumar: fumas-->fumes
for the verb correr: corres-->corras
Let's look at some examples of proper use:
¡No fumes! - Don't smoke!
¡No corras! - Don't run!
¡No duermas! - Don't sleep!
¡No comas! - Don't eat!
¡No vuelvas! - Don't come back!
¡No pienses! - Don't think!
No te pares.
Don't stop.
No cierres la portezuela.
Don't close the door.
No le des la llave.
Don't give him the key.
No vengas mañana.
Don't come tomorrow.
¡No me hables de él!
Don't talk to me about him!
Negative TÚ commands is used to tell friends,
family members, or young people what NOT to do.
Negative TÚ commands is formed by using the
present tense YO form as the stem, dropping the -o,
and adding the appropriate ending.
-es: Negative TÚ command of -AR
verbs
-as: Negative TÚ command of -ER
and -IR verbs
NEGATIVE
Tú COMMAND FORMS OF -AR VERBS-
Drop the -o of the present tense YO form
of the verb, and add -es:
Yo form-present tense Negative TÚ
command
tomo (I take/I drink)
No tomes
trabajo (I work)
No trabajes
Examples:
Negative TÚ command
No hables mucho
Don't talk a lot.
No contestes las
preguntas
Don't answer the
questions.
NEGATIVE TÚ COMMAND FORMS OF -ER
AND -IR VERBS
Drop the -o of the present tense YO form of the verb,
and add -as:
Yo form-present
tense
como (I eat)
leo (I read)
escribo (I write)
recibo (I receive)
Examples:
Negative TÚ
command
No comas dulces
No escribas en el
libro
Negative TÚ
command
No comas
No leas
No escribas
No recibas
Do not eat candies
Do not write on the
book
COMMAND FORMS OF IRREGULAR YO FORM,
STEM-CHANGING AND IRREGULAR VERBS IN THE
PRESENT TENSE
If the verb has an irregular YO form, it has a stem
change or it is an irregular verb in the present
tense, it also appears in the TÚ command.
Irregular YO form-present
tense
Pongo (I put)
Salgo (I leave)
Hago (I do/make)
Traigo (I bring)
Conozco (I know)
Traduzco (I translate)
Negative TÚ
command
No pongas
No salgas
No hagas
No traigas
No conozcas
No traduzcas
Stem-chang. verbspresent tense
Recomiendo (I
recommend)
Duermo (I sleep)
Río (I laugh)
muevo (I move)
Negative TÚ
command
No recomiendes
No duermas
No rías
No muevas
Negative TÚ
Irreg. verbs present tense command
Digo (I say)
No digas
Oigo (I hear)
No oigas
Tengo (I have)
No tengas
Vengo (I come)
No vengas
Examples:
Negative TÙ command
¡No desobedezcas las
reglas!
No cierres la ventana
¡No digas mentiras!
Don't disobey the
rules!
Don't close the
window
Don't say lies!
COMMAND FORMS OF VERBS ENDING IN -CAR, GAR, AND -ZAR
Verbs ending -car, -gar, and -zar require spelling
changes in order to keep the pronunciation.
-CAR: C changes to QU
-GAR: G changes to GU
-ZAR: Z changes to C
Infinitive
Tocar (to touch/play)
Buscar (to look for)
Practicar (to practice)
Llegar (to arrive)
Jugar (to play)
Navegar (to navigate)
Comenzar (to
start/begin)
Empezar (to
start/begin)
Cruzar (to cross)
Negative TÚ
command
No toques
No busques
No practiques
No llegues
No juegues
No navegues
No comiences
No empieces
No cruces
IRREGULAR NEGATIVE TU COMMANDS
Dar (to give)
No des tu blusa favorita Dont give your favorite
blouse
Estar (to be)
No estés triste Don't be sad
Ser (to be)
¡No seas odioso! Don't be mean!
Ir (to go)
No vayas al parque
Don't go to the park
NEGATIVE TÚ COMMANDS WITH PRONOUNS
With negative commands, direct (d.o.p), indirect (i.o.p)
object pronouns and reflexive pronouns go right
before the verb.
Negative TÚ command
No muevas las camas (don't
move the beds)
No cierres la ventana (don't
close the window)
No comas los postres (don't eat
the desserts)
No pongas el mantel (don't put
the tablecloth)
Negative TÚ command +
indirect object pronoun
No me traigas la comida
¡No te toques la herida!
No le compres el libro
No nos contestes la pregunta
¡No les digas eso!
Neg TÚ comm+d.o.p
No las muevas
No la cierres
No los comas
No lo pongas
Do not bring me food
Do not touch your
wound!
Do not buy him/her
the book
Do not answer us the
question
Do not tell that to
them!
Negative TÚ command +
reflexive pronoun
No te cepilles los dientes
No te peines el cabello
Do not brush your
teeth
Do not comb your hair
Realidades 2
Página 360 Actividad 17
Comidas Populares 1-8
On looseleaf - full heading please
TAREA
TAREA
TAREA
Present Perfect
-
Indirect Object Ponouns
REVIEW THE STUDY GUIDES
ON THE WEBSITE!
Studying each day keeps the fear of tests away….
Studying a language is writing things out
Especially verb conjugations and vocabulary
Beat the storm
of learning
STUDY Rewrite and summarize
notes, verbs conjugations on note
cards, index cards, whatever it takes
Review at home,
write out the conjugation of at least 5
verbs a night!!!!!!!
KNOW your verbs!
visit you neighbors
Visit your friends the verbs,
Know them well!!!!!
In the city of verbs, visit the
neighborhood of conjugations
Visit the “houses of
AR verbs, er verbs and ir verbs regular
And go to the street of irregular verbs
as well!!!
KNOW YOUR VERBS