Translation done by EUDEL for reference
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State
Council Suggestions on Reinforcing Reform and Innovation to Accelerate
Agricultural Modernization
Published on 1 February 2015
In 2014, all localities and departments seriously implemented the decisions and strategies made by the Central Committee of the Communist Party and by the
State Council and reinforced and deepened agricultural reform. The grain
output has increased for consecutive 11 years, the farmers’ income continues to grow rapidly, the rural infrastructure is developing steadily and the rural society is harmonious and stable All of these have contributed considerably to the stable growth of the economy, the adjustment of growth model, the acceleration of reform, and the improvement of the livelihood of the people.
Currently the development of our country’s economy has entered into the
“New Normal” stage – the rapid growth has transformed to rapid/modest growth. Against the background of the slowing-down of economy growth, how to enhance the fundamental position of agriculture and to increase
farmers’ income steadily is an outstanding issue must be tackled with. The domestic cost of agricultural production is increasing rapidly, on top of that, the price of our agricultural commodities prices are higher than the international market. How to innovate agricultural supporting policies and to increase competitiveness in agriculture under the “dual squeeze”, is a significant test must be faced with. We are experiencing shortage in agricultural resources, the overexploitation, deteriorating pollution, against the background of rigid constraints of resources and environment, how to safeguard the effective supply of agro-products and its quality and safety and to enhance the sustainability of agriculture is a significant challenge must be tackled with. We are experiencing the acceleration of the circulation of resource factors in urban and rural areas, the increasing interaction between urban and rural areas Against the background of deepening urbanization, how to accelerate the pace of construction of new countryside to realize the common prosperity of the urban and rural areas is a significant issue must be solved. Tackling with all of these difficulties is a significant task of the work targeting “agriculture, countryside, and farmer” (“Three rural issues”) in the future. We must place the “Three rural issues” as the priority of the communist party’s work, rely on reform to gain impetus, use the concept of ruling by law as the safeguard, in the end to accelerate the pace of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics.
In 2015, agricultural and rural work shall implement the policies of the 18 th party congress, as well as of the third, fourth plenary sessions of the 18 th party congress, shall stick to the guidance of Deng Xiaoping’s theory, the important ideas of “Three Represents”, Scientific Outlook on Development, shall deeply implement the main thoughts that President Xi Jinping make in his series of speeches, shall actively adapt to the "New Normal" of the economic development, shall abide by the general requirements of stabilizing and increasing the grain

output, increasing the quality and efficiency, being driven by innovation to continue the comprehensive reform in rural areas, comprehensive promotion of legal construction in rural areas, in order to promote the synchronous development of modern industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization. We shall explore new potentials in grain production capacity, open up new ways to optimize agricultural structure, seek new breakthroughs in transforming the agricultural development, gain new achievements in increasing farmers' income, take new strides to construct new countryside and provide strong support to the sustainable and healthy development of economy and society.
Part I. In order to construct modern agriculture, accelerate the transforming of the development mode of agriculture
If China wants to be strong, its agriculture must be strong. To make agriculture strong, we must as soon as possible transform from extensive operation which pursuits output and relies on resource exhaustion to intensive operation which values equally between quantity and quality, stresses enhancing of competitiveness and technological innovation in agriculture, in order to embark on the path of modern agriculture which emphasizes efficiency, safety, resource saving and environmental friendly.
1. Constantly enhance the capacity of grain output. We shall further improve and implement the Executive Responsibility System for grain output. We shall incline our policies to support major grain output provinces or counties in order to make sure that their work of emphasizing on grain output could be rewarded by benefits and such work can be further developed. Major grain sales areas shall undertake the responsibility of grain production. The demarcation of permanent farmland shall be comprehensively implemented. We shall implement the overall planning of national high standard farmland in a coordinated way. Actions shall be taken to protect and improve arable lands. We shall comprehensively explore how to recycle the soil in the plough layer of arable lands which are occupied by constructions. We shall explore how to establish grain production functioning zone so that the grain output capacity could be precise in a certain farmland, and the associated safeguard measures could be materialized in a certain project. We shall innovate the investment and financing system, invest more funds and concentrate more resources to accelerate the construction of a large amount of major water diversion projects, major water source projects, backbone projects to regulate rivers and lakes. The compensation for land acquisition when major water conservancy projects are implemented, and the balance of occupation and compensation for arable lands shall enjoy the same policy with other national signature infrastructure projects, like the building of railways. We shall accelerate the auxiliary projects and water-saving projects in the big and medium scale irrigation areas, in order to accelerate the construction of modern irrigation areas, and to reinforce the construction of water conservancy infrastructure in small-scare farmlands. We shall implement the project to increase grain output and build pilot project of the transformation of salinealkali soil. We shall also organize research on the mode to stimulate high grain output and the green way of increasing grain output. We shall also implement

the plant projection projects, and promote consolidated pests prevention and control system.
2. Promote the adjustment of agricultural structure. We shall scientifically define the self-sufficient level for major agricultural products and reasonably prioritize the development of agricultural industries. We shall launch the planning of the construction of production capacity for oilseeds, sugar, and natural rubber. We shall accelerate the development of pasture and husbandry industry, support the plantation of feeding pasture, such as silage corn and alfalfa, launch pilot project of transforming grain into feed and exploring the mode of combing grain plantation and animal raising, in order to realize the coordinated development of the three: grain, economic crop, and feeding pasture. We shall base on the resource advantages of all localities to develop featured agriculture. We shall also advance the adjustment of the zoning of comprehensive development. We shall support the major grain producing areas to develop husbandry industry and grain processing industry, continue to implement subsidy policies to support the processing of primary agricultural products on the spot, and also develop the more dedicated processing of the agricultural products. We shall continue to establish the demonstration park for horticultural plants, and implement the efficiency-enhancing project for horticultural plants. We shall give more support to build standardized and large scaled farm of raising live pigs, dairy cows, beef cattle and mutton sheep, and implement fine breed project for livestock and poultries, accelerate the livestock and poultry farming towards scale development, intensification and standardization, in order to enhance the competitiveness of husbandry industry.
We shall improve the prevention and control on animal diseases. We shall promote the healthy farming for aquaculture products while enhancing the transformation of standard ponds, and continue to support the updating of ocean fishing vessels and to enhance the fishery infrastructure of fisheries administrations and fishing ports.
3. Enhance the level of quality and safety of agricultural products. We shall enhance the capacity building for the supervision on the quality and food safety of agricultural products at county level or township level. The management on agricultural inputs shall be tightened and the standardized agricultural production shall be advanced vigorously. We shall get the subsidy policy well in place for the fees for safety testing on the production base of agricultural products and whole-sale market base. We shall create the info-sharing platform for whole-process traceability, intercommunication of the information concerning the quality of agricultural products and food safety. We shall launch the selection of pilot counties where agricultural product quality is guaranteed, and the pilot cities where food safety is well respected. We shall vigorously develop the famous, featured, excellent and new agricultural products, and cultivate the famous brands. We shall improve the comprehensive coordination system for the supervision on food safety, and reinforce the responsibility of local governments. We shall intensify our work to prevent invasive pests, and protect the production safety of agroforestry. We shall make clear the responsibility of producers and traders, strictly punish various criminal acts

violating food safety regulations, and in the end to enhance people's sense of safety and satisfaction.
4. Intensify the driving force of innovative agricultural technology. We shall improve impetus scheme for innovation of agricultural technologies, improve the research institutes, and the exchanges of researchers in universities and in enterprises. We shall also promote the pilot project on the use, treatment, and benefits of the results of technological research and also on the reform of the stock ownership incentives for researchers, in order to stimulate their enthusiasm to innovate and to start their business. We shall create the coordination scheme to optimize and to integrate plans for agricultural research and research resources, and improve the scheme of opening up of national major scientific research infrastructure and large research equipment to the society.
We shall enhance our support to guide the enterprises to develop agricultural technology in order to make the enterprise become innovation entities and application entities for those agricultural technologies. We shall accelerate the innovation of agricultural technologies to make breakthroughs in the areas of bio-breeding, smart agriculture, agricultural machinery, and biological and environmental protection. We shall build innovation concord alliance targeting agricultural technologies, rely on national agricultural technological demonstration parks to form platforms of financing for agricultural technology, information and brand service. Research institutes, universities, development research centers of new countryside, vocational colleges, and technical task force staff shall play full role in the transformation of technological results. We shall actively promote the pilot projects on the reform of distribution of benefits of results of scientific researches on seeding industry, and improve the sharing scheme of accomplishers of scientific researches. We shall continue our seeding projects, the construction of breading bases in Hainan, Gansu and Sichuan, three major provinces shall be moved forward. We shall enhance the research on agricultural GMO products, and the associating safety management and education of relevant scientific knowledge. The innovation on agricultural machineries, fertilizers, and pesticides shall also be supported.
5 Innovate the circulation way of agricultural products. We shall accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the national agricultural markets by enhancing the infrastructure construction and supporting service, and improve the trading system. We shall improve the national circulation network for agricultural products and speed up the construction of major storage and logistics facilities for major agricultural products. We shall speed up the construction of new storage houses to meet the expectation of the Plan for increasing the National Grain Production Capacity by 50 billion Kilograms (2009-
2020). The scheme of clarifying the responsibility of central government and local government in collecting and storing grains shall be formed as soon as possible in order to enhance the capacity of guaranteeing grain collection and storage. We shall continue to implement the project of storing grain in a scientific way for farmers. We shall enhance the construction of the market at the production base of agricultural products. Cooperatives shall connect to supermarkets, schools, enterprises and communities. The irregular charges in the process of distributing agricultural products shall be investigated and

corrected. We shall develop the future trading for agricultural products and develop new future trading products for agricultural products. We need to give support to the construction of agriculture-related e-Commerce platform allowing the involvement of enterprises in the areas of e-Commerce, logistics, trading, and financing. We shall develop a comprehensive pilot project showing how e-
Commerce could enter into countryside.
6 Enhance agricultural ecological governance.We shall implement the overall governance plan of addressing the prominent problems in agricultural environment and the agricultural sustainable development plan. We shall enhance the governance of agricultural non-point source pollution, implement soil testing and formulated fertilization, vigorously promote the biological and organic fertilizers, low-hazard and low-residue pesticides, and implement the regional pilot projects on recycling crop straws, animal excreta and farmland residual film; they shall receive financing support according to relevant regulations. We shall implement the evaluation on the environmental effect of scale farming of live stocks and poultries and promote vigorously the development of agricultural recycling economy. We shall continue to implement rewarding policy on the protection of ecology of grassland, encourage the pilot project on the protection of husbandry industry in north-west draught areas, the governance of reclaimed grassland in the transition zones between cropping areas and nomadic areas, and protection on black soil zones in north east. We shall enhance protection on the farming of aquatic organism resources. We shall create and improve the debating scheme on the planning and construction projects on water resources, and also the supervision on national water resources. We shall vigorously promote water-saving technologies; comprehensively implement regional high-efficiency and water-saving irrigation actions. We shall enhance the prevention and correction on water pollution and the protection on water ecology. We shall implement the new round of projects of returning farmlands to forests or grasslands, expanding the restoration of arable lands polluted by heavy metals, comprehensively governing groundwater overdraft areas, expanding the scope of pilot project on returning arable lands to wetlands, and moving forward the significant project on conservation of water and soil in the ecologically clean little rivers in major water source areas. We shall vigorously promote the major forest ecology projects, enhance the afforestation construction, and develop forestry industry and featured economic forests. We shall keep moving on the eco-protection and restoration in Beijing-
Tianjin-Hebei, the silk road economic belt and Yangzi River economic zone. In regard to protect natural forests, we shall carry out advance survey, make a good plan and increase investment. We shall increase the subsidy for the protection project in natural forests and the compensation on ecological benefits of forests.
We shall continue to expand the scope of pilot projects on commercial felling of natural forests. We shall implement ecological benefit compensation for wetlands, pilot project on the reward of protection of wetland, and subsidy policy in enclosed and forbidden reserves of desertified land. We shall accelerate implementing projects of returning grazing land to grassland, disaster prevention and mitigation in pastoral areas, exploration and utilization of grassland in the south. We shall establish and improve the liability scheme for the protection of agricultural ecology, enhance accountability supervision,

strictly punish acts of damaging ecological environment according to relevant laws.
7. Utilize both domestic and overseas markets and resources in a
coordinated manner. Strengthen the regulation of agro-product import and export, actively support the export of advantage agro-products, and optimize the scale and timing of agro-product import. Improve the import, export and tariffrate quota system of important agro-products including grain, cotton and sugar, and strictly carry out the cotton sliding-scale duties. Crack down on smuggling of agro-products. Upgrade the policy on the frontier trade and local barter trade
(hereinafter referred to as frontier and local trade) between China and its neighboring countries. Further expand agricultural trade and accelerate the development of internationally competitive agribusiness companies. Revamp the inter-minister conference on international agricultural cooperation, and timely roll out a planning outline on international agricultural exchanges.
Innovate the cooperation mode of foreign agricultural exchanges with an emphasis on agroproduct processing, storage and trade. Advance overseas agricultural cooperation, S&T demonstration parks as well as S&T training programs, research achievements showcase and brand promotion services. Reinforce policies in the fields of investment, finance and taxation, banking and insurance, trade, customs clearance, inspection and quarantine on international agricultural exchanges. Implement policies to facilitate customs clearance of farming equipment and agricultural inputs needed for overseas agricultural production.
Fully utilize the advantage of various chambers of commerce and associations on information services, legal consultancy and arbitration.
Part II. Raise farmers’ income with increasing policy support to benefit farmers.
If China wants to get rich, the farmers must get rich. To that end, we must tap into the growth potential of agriculture, exploit opportunities in the rural secondary and tertiary industries, expand external channels, invigorate policy support, and strive to further narrow the rural-urban income gap at the "New
Normal" stage of the Chinese economy.
8. Prioritize investments in agriculture and rural development. To increase farmers' income, the government must understand its responsibilities in improving conditions of agriculture and rural development. Government at all levels must prioritize agriculture and rural development in financial expenditure.
Implement a system to ensure constant growing investment and financial commitment in agriculture and rural development, which should continue to serve as the key priority in national infrastructure projects. Restructure the expenditure by concentrating resources on improvement in farmers' income, major rural reforms, agricultural infrastructure, agricultural restructuring, sustainability and living standards. Transform the mode of investment, innovate agriculture-related capital, and maximize the financial fund’s role to leverage and guide. Reform the agriculture-related transfer payment system, delegate review and approval powers, and effectively integrate investment in agriculture and rural development. Enhance supervision on the agriculture-related capital via

well-regulated and transparent management as well as a crackdown on misappropriation, diversion, interception or fraudulence of financial investment, thus ensuring the effective use of the capital.
9 Enhance the efficiency of agricultural subsidy. To increase farmers' income, we must extend more state support and protection on agriculture. Ensure the continuity and stability of policies on agricultural subsidy, gradually expand the scale and scope of "green box” while adjusting the "yellow box", thus unleashing the potential of farmers' income increase policies. Carry on policies on direct subsidy to grain-cultivating farmers, good seeding practice, purchase of agricultural machineries, and general subsides on agricultural supplies. Select some regions for pilot projects to improve the guidance precision and efficiency of the subsidies. Subsidy policy on agricultural machinery purchase should favor major production areas and new agricultural entities, and the scope of subsidies on water-saving and irrigation equipment purchases should further expand.
Introduce subsidy policies for important technology promotion. Set up subsidies or rewards for counties excel at grain and oil, grain seeding, pork, livestock production. Widen the coverage of reward and subsidy in modern agricultural pilot zones. Improve the compensation scheme for major grain production bases, arable land, and ecological system.
10. Improve the price formation mechanism of agricultural products. To increase farmers' income, a reasonable price level of agricultural products must be maintained. We should adhere to the minimum purchase price for grain and wheat while improving the temporary stockpiling system for major agroproducts. As reflected in the pilot price reforms on Xinjiang cotton, beans from northwest region and Inner Mongolia, we should upgrade the subsidy system as well as reduce the operational cost in order to make sure subsidies reach the farmers in full amount and in a timely manner. Actively implement the pilot projects on agro-product price insurance. Reasonably decide on the storage scale of major agro-products including grain, cotton, sugar, and meat. Elevate the inand-out regulation and supervision of the national grain storage. Implement the plan of increasing the scale of local grain storage, create a scheme to help entrusted commodity and trading companies store important agro-products, and improve sugar storage system for entrusted sugar enterprises. Leverage modern information technology to upgrade statistical investigations on the plantation areas and yield, as well as the cost-and-price surveillance system.
11. Promote socialized agricultural services.
To increase farmers’ income, the agricultural service system has to be improved so that farmers can be assisted to lower costs and control risks. We should attach importance to the pilot projects of socialized service mechanism covering the agricultural production and focus on providing the following services: cultivating and harvesting for farmers, promoting the prevention and control systems and the service of drying and storage. We need to consolidate and improve public services including popularizing agricultural techniques at grassroots levels. In addition, efforts should be made to strengthen financing and incentive mechanisms and improve the working and living conditions of staff in charge of technological promotion. We should make full use of the role of specialized associations in promoting agricultural techniques. Through different ways including

purchasing services, nongovernmental sectors should be encouraged and guided to participate in public services. We need to increase subsidies on the insurance of staple food both at central and provincial levels. On top of that, the insurance of staple seed production should be included in the subsidy catalog of the central fiscal system.
Subsidies provided by the central government should include materialized costs. We should step up research of central policies on substituting subsidies with incentives on the insurances of local specialties and expand insurance on forests. We should support the postal system to better serve farmers, agricultural sector and rural areas and promote meteorological service by integrating it into the socialized agricultural service system.
12. Promote the integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas. Increasing farmers’ income has to be based on extended industrial chains and higher agricultural added values. Centering on market demands, we should take full advantage of resources and develop distinctive planting and animal industries, agricultural products processing industry and rural service industries. We should support every village and county to develop their unique products and industries and boost economic development of counties by helping farmers get rich. We should promote multiple functions of agriculture by developing eco-leisure industry, tourism, culture and education. We should help build villages and counties with their unique historic, geographic and ethnic features and put forward various leisure products. We should invest more in rural infrastructure of tourism and enhance marketing capacities both online and offline. In addition, management and service should also be improved. We should try to formulate supporting landing, fiscal and financial policies to promote rural tourism and implement preferential tax policies. On top of that, rural resources should be mobilized to increase farmers’ property income.
13. Increase external income for rural villages. To that end, we must step up the efforts in encouraging farmers to seek off-farm jobs and establish non-farm businesses, promote vocational skill training to migrant workers and enhance their competence, implement ‘equal pay for equal work’ policy, and protect the legal rights and interests of the migrant workers via a sustainable system that guarantees migrant workers receive their pay timely. Ensure migrant workers and their families have equal access to basic public services in the city, expand the social insurance’s coverage of migrant workers, conduct campaigns to assist migrant workers in the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases, improve policies by ensuring children of migrant workers can receive compulsory education and sit school-entrance exams locally, and explore measures that can benefit migrant workers with indemnificatory housing. Accelerate Hukou reform by introducing a residence permit system that allows migrant workers to gain permanent residency in cities and enjoy equal treatment as urban citizens. At present, a rural-to-urban Hukou change must not be based on one losing his rights to land contractual management, to homestead land or to the distribution of collective gains. Encourage migrant workers to return home to start up their own businesses via targeted tax cuts and general fee reduction, which will lower the cost of starting up and running businesses. Create favorable conditions for farmers to find jobs close to their homes by improving the environment for industrial development in small and medium sized towns in Middle and West China.
14. Press forward with the development-oriented poverty reduction. To increase farmers’ income, we must accelerate the pace of poverty reduction in rural areas.

With the key mission being extreme poverty eradication in larger areas, increased commitment and resources are needed in regional planning. Bring up poverty alleviation accuracy by implementing a registration system for impoverished villages and households. In areas of extreme poverty, infrastructure construction, ecological protection and basic public services must be strengthened, substantial support be given to land use policy, and projects on integrated village development, migration, rural tourism be promoted. In principle, the examination and approval power should be delegated to county-level governments while the provincial and municipal governments serve as monitoring authorities. Develop a project public disclosure system that publicizes information of recipients, budget, progress etc. Advance the mobilization of poverty-relief social organizations, create platforms to engage the society, and improve the system of leaders residing in the village to help the poor.
While upgrading poverty monitoring, put in place a sound system for the evaluation, regulation and exit of impoverished counties. The developed regions should also constantly build their capacity of development-oriented poverty reduction.
Part III. Integrate rural and urban development through the deepening new rural construction.
A beautiful China comes with beautiful rural villages. We should unswervingly push forward the socialistic new rural construction. Strategy planning should serve as the guide to upgrade rural infrastructure and equality in basic public services between urban and rural areas, thus landscaping rural areas beautiful homes for farmers to live and work in peace and contentment.
15.
Strengthen rural infrastructure. Complete rural water safety projects outlined in the 12th Five Year Plan, improve water quality in rural areas and continue to offer tax breaks for the rural population. Extend water supply networks from urban to rural areas. Continue to upgrade rural power grid. Make electricity available to all by 2015 through diverse means, such as extending the power grid, harnessing solar power and wind power, and building small hydro-power stations, depending on local conditions.
Accelerate the construction of roads in the western region and concentrated povertystricken rural areas. Increase financing for the maintenance of rural roads and improve maintenance mechanisms. Strengthen the management of rural passenger transport and school buses and enhance their safety. Upgrade mechanisms governing the development and management of biogas in rural areas. Renovate rural buildings in disrepair and raise their earthquake resistance. Extend radio and TV coverage and communications services to rural areas, build better information infrastructure, connect more rural residents to broadband and broaden their access to information services.
16. Strengthen rural public services. Improve conditions in rural school providing compulsory education, and improve the quality of education in rural schools. Keep or build village schools and study stations where needed. Support the construction of village and township public kindergartens and inclusive private kindergartens.
Develop high school education, make secondary vocational education to all middle school graduates who do not go on to high school and vocational training to all high school graduates who do not go on to university and eventually make secondary vocational education free of charge. Develop agricultural vocational training, and cultivate a new type of professional farmers. Advance the development and deployment of digital resources for basic education, and extend the reach of quality

education resources in rural areas. Increase the ratio of rural students in key universities. Recruit qualified rural teachers and implement subsidy policies for teachers working in concentrated rural areas. Shore up educational funding for border areas, ethnic autonomous areas and historic revolution bases. Build sustained fundraising mechanism for the new rural cooperative medical care system, raise per capita financial subsidy and individual contribution, and further improve the level of reimbursement. Strengthen basic medical care and public health in rural areas, and recruit qualified rural doctors. Improve connectivity between the new rural cooperative medical care system and the designated hospitals under the system and build a tele-consultation system for rural areas. Expand major cultural projects that benefit agriculture, farmers and villages. Upgrade the management and regulation of rural subsistence allowances system, introduce a temporary aid system and improve social aid in rural areas. Implement a harmonized system of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents. Support the building of diverse elderly care services and cultural and sports facilities in rural areas. Integrate existing facilities, venues and resources into comprehensive public service platforms for rural areas.
17. Comprehensively enhance the living environment in the countryside. The planning for county, townships and villages should be improved, and the planning should be in a scientific way and be supervised. Public services and facilities need to be improved, and as well as the farmers' living conditions. The environmental improvement of mountains, waters, forests, farmlands and countryside roads should be integrated. We should continue to clean up the rural environment on a large scale.
River pollution control in rural areas needs to be sped up, and special campaigns need to be launched to clean the garbage in rural areas; Sewage treatment and toilet reconstruction need to be strengthened, so that sanitation conditions in rural areas can be improved. Waste gas, waste water and industrial residue, as well the garbage from cities need to be strictly controlled. Financial rewarding mechanism for non-profit activities at village-level should be improved; and more pilot projects for management and maintenance of public services in rural areas should be conducted. Investigations on traditional and historical villages and residential buildings in the countryside should be better implemented, and the historical and traditional villages and buildings should be well preserved and planned. We should encourage the building of beautiful villages in different regions, and we need to avoid demolishing farmers' residential buildings or forcing them to move out against their will.
18 . Guide and encourage social capital to invest into rural construction. We should encourage social capital to flow to rural infrastructure construction and develop all kinds of utilities. For the rural charity projects led by government and supported by government financials, different ways should be allowed including social services purchasing and joint-venture by government and social capital, to guide the companies and social organizations to join the construction, maintenance and operation. The commercially operated rural service industry should be open for social capital. We need to establish the catalogue to encourage social capital to join rural construction and conduct research into the supporting policies such as financing and taxation and etc. we shall explore to establish the catalogue to transfer parts of rural governments' functions to social organizations and let social organizations undertake the public services that they are in a better position to offer.

19. Strengthen the mentality and morality construction of rural areas. According to the natures of rural areas, in the principle of fostering and practicing the core values of socialism, we should promote socialism with Chinese characteristics and China
Dream, broaden the education under new circumstances and policies, improve the general quality of farmers and the degree of social civilization in the rural areas so that we can consolidate the strong mentality to construct the new rural areas. We need to deeply promote the mentality construction activities and good-family-tradition activities in rural areas. We should also launch campaigns to reward model teachers, doctors and officials in rural areas. With these efforts, we can promote positive ethos in our society. We should encourage art workers to visit and perform in rural areas and create excellent art works fit for rural areas' taste and offer other healthy culture services. We need to foster the sense of community and reward good deeds. We should also try to attract the local emigrants to come back and support hometowns' construction and inherit/promote rural civilization.
20. Seriously strengthen Party building in rural areas. We should discipline party members strictly and strengthen the rural party organizations under the leadership of the party organ. We should take advantage of the role of rural party organizations and reorganize the weak party organizations and consolidate the party’s ruling in rural areas. We should innovate and improve the organization structure of rural Party management, expand the coverage of Party work, further elect and manage the rural leaders. We should closely watch the political life in rural party organizations and promote the management of party members so that they can serve as role models. We must seriously crack down on the behaviors against Party rules and of corruption. We should take the opportunity of building people-oriented party organizations to upgrade the network at township, county and village levels to serve the people. Only in that way can we win the trust and support of the people. We need to establish accountability in party building and promote the assessment of party building in grassroots party organizations.
Part IV. Invigorate rural development via comprehensively deepening rural reforms.
Rural village reform is a key component of the comprehensively deepening reforms.
We should uphold and improve the overall strategy of the central government, carefully implement and advance pilot projects with lessons drawn along the way, then scale up the supervision, inspection and implementation of pilot projects. Ensure all reforms produce substantial progress that will inject more momentum into the socioeconomic development in rural villages.
21. Accelerate the building of a new type of agricultural operation system.
Maintain the fundamental status of family operation in agriculture. Transfer land operation rights in a regulated and orderly manner. Innovate land transfer and scale operation, actively explore forms of suitable operation scale, and improve the farmers’ organizational level. Encourage family farming of suitable scale while upgrading the food support system for food production. Expand services of farmers' cooperatives to promote good practices, and set up an annual report and disclosure system as well as model cooperatives. Advance pilot projects on agricultural industrialization and the up-gradation of leading businesses. Guide farmers to participate in cooperatives and

leading businesses with their land operation rights. Encourage industrial and commercial capital to provide services in modernized planting and breeding, agroproduct processing and circulation, and agricultural socialization. Farmers’ wills should be respected in the transfer of land operation rights, thus quotas on land transfer are forbidden. Establish guidance on the access and regulation for agricultural lands rented by industrial and commercial capital. The tenant must not alter the agricultural purpose of the land.
22. Reform the rural collective property right.
Explore effective ways to reform the rural collective property right, and innovate the rural collective economy operation. Issue guidelines to steadily press forward with the reform on the rural collective property rights system. For resource assets such as land, the key is the registration and certification of confirmed land contract operation rights. To improve the registration and certification, pilot projects should be conducted at provincial level while ensuring land-household accuracy and avoiding uncertainties in the ownership of land. For non-operational assets, the key is to find an effective system to integrate and improve public service capability. For operational assets, the key is to clarify the ownership by converting assets into quantified shares and to vigorously promote farmers’ joint-stock partnerships. Conduct pilot projects to reform farmers’ collective stock share system while preventing violation of farmers’ interests. All works of the pilot projects are tightly restricted to the collective economic organizations. Improve the management, supervision and profit distribution of the rural capital-asset-resource.
Leverage the service platforms for the transfer of land contract operation rights and forest right, and safeguard the healthy development of rural property right transfer market. Create a favorable environment for the reform on the rural collective property rights system via improvements on the tax and fee system.
23 ． Steadily advance pilot programs of rural land system reform. Under the preconditions that land remains public, the red line of farmland stock is not crossed, and the farmers' interests are not infringed upon, cautiously and steadily carry out the reform of rural land system according to the central government's overall plan.
Categorize the rural land expropriation and collective operating construction land offering for business and homestead reform pilot projects. Set up the guidelines to narrow the scope of land expropriation. Set up a value-added revenue allocation system that accommodate the interests of the nation, the collective and individuals, and raise individual income in a reasonable way. Optimize the insurance system for the farmers whose land has been expropriated. Allow collective rural land for construction use to be transferred, leased and issued shares upon, so long as it is used for construction in accordance with planning. Set up and optimize the transaction, service and supervision regulations. Protect farmers' homestead rights according to law, reform the way of attaining the land for homestead, and explore new mechanisms to secure housing for farmers. Strengthen the guidance and supervision of pilot programs. Make sure such programs are operated in a closed way, and that risks are controllable; improve the programs while running them and draw replicable experience.
24.
Advance the reform of rural financial system. Continue to deepen the reform of rural financial system so it fits realities in rural areas, promotes the development of agriculture and addresses the need of farmers. Integrate the use of taxation and loans

and financial supervision, to channel more financial resources to agriculture, farmers and rural areas. Make sure that the total loans to agriculture continue to increase and that the share of agriculture-related loans does not go down. Improve the statistics and the structure of agriculture-related loans. Continue and improve the taxation policies supporting rural financial development. Set up pilot programs to test mortgage refinancing of credit assets, and provide a more favorable refinancing rate for loans supporting rural development. Encourage commercial banks to innovate financial services for agriculture, farmers and rural areas. The reform of the agriculture/farmers/rural areas financial services department of Agriculture Bank of
China shall be applied in all its county-level branches. While serving as a policy bank, the Agriculture Development Bank of China should provide more loans to build infrastructure in rural areas such as water conservancy projects, and roads in poverty stricken areas and meanwhile should strengthen the position of supporting/promoting policies and develop proprietary trading with caution. The National Development
Bank should innovate the financing models for agriculture/farmers/rural areas, further increase the medium and long term loans for agriculture and rural areas. Upgrade the capital capability and governance for rural credit cooperatives, which should focus on providing services in counties and support agriculture/farmers/rural areas. Encourage the Postal Savings Bank of China to expand rural financial services. Increase the service coverage of county/rural banks in the rural areas. Proactively explore effective ways of developing rural cooperative finance; steadily develop pilot programs on mutual financial aid among Farmers' Cooperatives, and ensure the supervision of local governments. Carry out pilot programs of contractual rights of land and the farmers' homestead property rights mortgage loans processing. Encourage financing guarantee services for agriculture/farmers/rural areas; strengthen the development of government-backed financing institutions providing financing guarantee and reguarantee services to agriculture/farmers/rural areas, optimize mechanisms governing cooperation between such institutions and banks. Support the banking system and financial institutions in issuing financial bonds for agriculture/farmers/rural areas development, and encourage qualified agriculture-related companies to issue bonds.
Develop pilot programs of financial leasing for large agricultural machineries.
Optimize the financial services to new forms of agriculture operation entities.
Strengthen inclusive finance in rural areas. Further strengthen the support to rural women through small mortgage loans and discount government loans.
25. Deepen reforms on water-saving irrigation and forestry.
Improve water rights system, set up pilot projects to determine, register and certify water rights, and explore different forms of water rights transfer. Advance the water-pricing reform in agriculture, promote successful experiences in water-pricing reform and water rights trade, implement total quantity control and quota management of irrigation water consumption, scale up measurement for agricultural water use, rationally price agricultural water consumption, and put in place precision subsidy programs. Attract social capital to participate in the construction and operation of water-saving irrigation projects. Encourage and guide farmers' water use cooperatives to become major players in the construction and management of small-sized water-saving irrigation works. Professionalize the management of rural water-saving irrigation projects. Enforce the most stringent forestland and wetland protection system. Deepen the reform on collective forest rights. Steadily promote the reforms of state-owned forest farms and forest area through definite public welfare functionality setting and greater protection and cultivation of forest resources. Establish a national program for

timber production forest reserve. Actively develop financing businesses suitable to forestry, engage social capital in the construction of forest carbon sequestration.
26. Promote supply and marketing cooperatives and agricultural reclamation reforms.
Deepen the comprehensive reform of supply and marketing cooperatives geared towards serving farmers. Work hard to transform cooperatives at grassroots level, innovate cooperatives’ governance structure, and build the cooperatives into national service bodies for farmers, agriculture and rural areas. Speed up the formation of regulations on supply and marketing cooperatives as well as policy measures to further agricultural reclamation. Deepen efforts to convert farms into enterprises, form reclamation area clusters, and reform the equity diversification.
Innovate the management of industry guidance, enterprise marketization and farm operation. Clarify the state asset nature of agricultural reclamation, and establish a national asset monitoring system suitable to the characteristics of agricultural reclamation. Further social function reforms of the agricultural reclamation office.
With the unique advantages of agricultural reclamation, we should make scale agricultural operations the pillar in building agricultural reclamation as the demonstrator and motivator for key agro-product production bases and modern agriculture.
27. Innovate and improve rural governance mechanisms. In required areas, expand villagers' self-governance pilot programs with villager groups as basic organizing units, continue villagers' self-governance pilot programs with communities as basic organizing units and explore diverse ways to achieve villagers' self-governance based on local conditions. Better define the responsibilities of village party branches and village committees and the decision-making and management procedures concerning village affairs, improve the system concerning village affairs supervision committee, strengthen mechanisms to ensure villagers' effective supervision over village affairs, strengthen the supervision of and checks on rural officials’ power, and ensure the pragmatic and effective use of supervision. Stimulate the vitality of rural social organizations, focusing primarily on the cultivation and development of rural professional associations, charity associations, community service associations etc. Set up a solid crime prevention and control system, carry out special campaigns on major security problems, and enhance the safety of villages and townships.
V. Strengthen rule of law to strengthen agriculture, farmers and rural
areas.
The rule of law is relatively weak in rural areas, so we must accelerate the improvement of the legal system concerning agriculture and rural areas, develop the rule of law in both urban and rural areas, apply the rule of law in dealing with issues concerning agriculture, farmers and rural areas. At the same time, based on local conditions, give play to local bylaws and customs and integrate the development of the rule of law with the development of moralities.
28. Strengthen the legal system to protect property rights in rural areas.
Improve relevant laws and regulations, and strengthen the protection of rural collective property ownership, farmers' contractual land rights and property

rights. Pay close attention to revising the law of rural land contracting, clarify ways to ensure that present land contracting relations remain stable for now and also in the long term, define the relationship between rural collective ownership rights, farmers' contracting rights and land use rights, and secure the land contracting rights and benefits of rural women. Advance the formulation and revision of laws and regulations concerning rural land. Pay close attention to drafting regulations for rural collective economic organizations. Strengthen the legal protection of intellectual property rights in agriculture.
29. Improve the legal system regulating the agricultural market. Improve the legal system regulating the market circulation of agricultural products, maintain the market order and promote fair trade, and build a legal framework for the circulation of agricultural products. Improve market regulation system for agricultural products, and launch relevant legislation in a timely manner.
Improve laws and regulations governing the quality of agricultural products and food safety, strengthen environmental protection at production sites, and regulate the management, production and sales of agricultural inputs. Gradually improve laws and regulations in order to cover more types of rural production.
Revise Farmer Cooperatives' law in a timely manner.
30. Improve the legal support and protection system for agriculture,
farmers and rural areas. Research, formulate and regulate the responsibilities of governments at every level in dealing with issues concerning agriculture, farmers and rural areas, clearly define the responsibilities of central and local governments in funding the development of agriculture and villages. Improve environmental laws and regulations for agricultural resources, advance the legal exploration and protection of arable land, water resources, forests and grasslands, wetlands, beaches and other natural resources; formulate and improve laws and regulations concerning ecological compensation and prevention and control of soil, water and air pollution. Actively promote rural financial legislation, clarify the responsibilities of policy banks and commercial banks in supporting agriculture, farmers and rural areas, and promote new forms of rural co-operative financing and the healthy development of agricultural insurances. Accelerate poverty alleviation legislation.
31.Advance rural reform and development according to the law. Strengthen the cohesion between rural reform decision-making and legislation. All major rural reforms must have a legal basis, and legislation must accelerate rural reform and development. Rules that have been proven effective in practice should, under mature legislative conditions, be upgraded to laws. Laws and regulations that hinder rural reform must be revised or repealed in a timely manner. When there is a need for clarification of the exact meaning of a regulation and its legal basis for practical use, interpretation of the regulation in question must be provided in a timely manner. If conditions for implementation are not ripe yet, authorization under legal procedures is needed to launch pilot programs. Continue to advance work in rural reform pilot areas. Deepen reform of the system of law enforcement by administrative authorities, strengthen law enforcement groups at grass-root level, properly allocate law enforcement forces, and actively explore integrated law enforcement in domains like

agriculture, forestry, water conservancy etc. Improve mechanisms that ensure financing for agriculture-related administrative law enforcement. Coordinate urban and rural legal service resources, improve the system of public legal services covering urban and rural areas and strengthen farmers' access to legal aid and judicial relief.
32. Improve rural rule of law. Promote the rule of law in rural areas, strengthen awareness among officials at all levels, in agriculture related departments, and in rural areas. Encourage the rural population to learn more about law, respect law, abide by law and apply law. Improve the system of rights defense and conflict settlement according to the law, guide and support the rural population to defend their rights using legal means and to rationally express reasonable demands. Strengthen supervision and management of villagers' burden. Rely on villagers' and grass-root wisdom, and let villagers’ democratic consultation play a major role in rural governance through the village council and board of supervisors. To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society and accelerate socialist modernization, party committees and governments at all levels must improve leadership in issues concerning agriculture, farmers and rural areas, guard against any tendency to slacken the development of agriculture, address challenges head-on, tide over difficulties, and keep up the positive momentum in the development of agriculture and rural areas. Relevant authorities must conduct indepth research into the characteristics, in particular, challenges, exhibited at the current stage of development of agriculture and rural areas, draw up plans for major projects, programs and policies concerning the reform and development of rural areas during period of the 13 th
Five Year Plan. Enhance inspections to verify that relevant policies are strictly implemented. Build on the achievements of the party’s mass line education, continue to improve the work of the party members and raise the capacity of developing agriculture, farmers and rural areas
Let us rally around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as general secretary, explore, innovate and work hard to accelerate the reform and development of rural areas and contribute to completing the building of a moderately prosperous society.