Name:____________________________
Date:___________ Period:____
Review Chemistry I Honors Unit 2: Properties of Matter
1. The two general properties that all matter shares are _____________ and _______________.
2. Place a check mark next to each item that is matter which is made of atoms
(has mass and takes up space).
____a. apple
____b. air
____c. light
____d. water
____e. RNA
____f. heat
____g. proton
____h. oil
____i. ice
____j. radio waves
3. List the 4 states of matter, and circle the correct descriptions of their properties.
1.
_______________
3.
_______________
shape: indefinite or definite
shape: indefinite or definite
volume: indefinite or definite
volume: indefinite or definite
moving: a lot or a little or not
moving: a lot or a little or not
2.
_______________
4.
_______________
shape: indefinite or definite
shape: indefinite or definite
volume: indefinite or definite
volume: indefinite or definite
moving: a lot or a little or not
moving: a lot or a little or not
4. The diagram below a simple water cycle. Label each physical phase change in the appropriate box.
deposition
1
5. Classify each type of substance is represented in diagrams 1-4 as element, compound, or mixture.
Diagram Key:
atom A
atom B
(1)
Classification:
(2)
____________
____________
(3)
(4)
____________
____________
6. Which of the diagrams from question 5 represent pure substances?
How could you tell? ____________________________________________________________
(make sure you understand this explanation and ask if you need more discussion about it)
7. Classify the following materials as:
element
compound
homogeneous mixture
Can be separated by _____ means.
heterogeneous mixture
(circle one)
a. cheeseburger
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
b. salt water
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
c. air
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
d. hydrogen gas (H2)
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
e. silver (Ag)
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
f. steel
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
g. steam (H2O)
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
h. ice cream sundae
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
i. table salt (NaCl)
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
j. carbon dioxide (CO2)
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
k. ice (H2O)
___________________
physical
chemical
NO
8. For the materials listed in question 7, list all that are pure substances. (recall your #6 answer above)
2
9. Mixtures are materials that that can be separated by physical means.
Describe one method to separate a heterogeneous mixture:
Name and describe one method to separate a homogeneous mixture:
10. A student tries to identify three unknown white solids by observing and recording the data listed
below (a-e). Which property would be the best to identify this unknown solid?
A. white crystalline solid
B. mass is 7.00 g
C. volume is 2.0 mL
D. density is 3.50 g/mL
E. insoluble (does not dissolve) in water
11. A few properties of aluminum are listed. Classify each property as a chemical or physical property.
_________________ a. very malleable and ductile
_________________ b. reacts with HCl to produce H2 gas
_________________ c. thin, white coat of aluminum oxide forms the surface
_________________ d. melting point is 660.3 C
_________________ e. density is 2.70 g/mL
12. Classify the following as either a physical change (P) or a chemical change (C).
a. _____folding paper into origami bird
b. _____roasting marshmallows
c. _____ burning wood
d._____ cutting hair
e._____ dissolving sugar in water
f. _____ digesting a cheeseburger
g. _____ painting a wall
3
13. Two clear liquids are mixed together in a beaker.
A student observes and records the following data.
a. bubbles form and a gas is released
b. the temperature of the beaker increases from 22.0 oC to 36.0 oC.
c. a blue gel forms and settles to bottom of the beaker
d. a clear liquid remains in the beaker
Which of the observations listed above indicate that a chemical change has occurred?
14. What type of substance could be separated into different parts by filtration as pictured below?
15. Below is a Hoffman electrolysis apparatus.
Explain for what this device is used.
Is this a physical or chemical change?
How do you know?
4
Match each item with the correct statement below.
A. element
D. physical change
B. compound
E. heterogeneous
C. chemical change
F. homogeneous
___ 16. describes mixture with a non-uniform composition (has different parts)
___ 17. substance that cannot be changed into simpler substances by physical means
___ 18. cannot be broken down by chemical means
___ 19. does not affect the composition of the matter
20. Which of the following is NOT a solution?
A. air
B. salt water
C. stainless steel
D. soil
21. Suspensions and ________________ are both heterogeneous mixtures with larger particles than
___________ , but only the very large particles in ____________________ settle out due to gravity.
22. The Tyndall effect can distinguish between a _________________ and a solution by the
_________________ of light.
23. What is one difference between a mixture and a compound?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A compound has the same properties as the elements that form it.
A compound can only be separated physically.
A mixture can be separated physically.
A mixture must be uniform in composition.
24. Identify each physical property as characteristic of metals (M), nonmetals (NM), or metalloids (MD):
a.
___________ malleable
b.
___________ poor conductor of heat
c.
___________ brittle
d.
___________ ductile
e.
___________ good conductor of electricity
f.
___________ brittle and good conductor of electricity
g.
___________ good conductor of heat
5
KEY
1. mass and volume
2. a, b, d, e, g, h, i
3. solids: definite volume, definite shape, particles vibrate in place (moving a little), not compressible
liquids: definite volume, indefinite shape, particles are close together but can move past each other,
(moving a little), not easily compressible
gases: indefinite volume, indefinite shape, takes the shape of its container, particles are very far
apart, (moving a lot), easily compressible
plasma: indefinite volume, indefinite shape, occurs only at extremely high temperatures.
Most electrons have been stripped away creating ionized matter. (moving a whole lot!)
4. Absorbs Energy (endothermic) : melting, vaporization, sublimation
Releases Energy (exothermic) : freezing, condensation, deposition(frost formation)
5.
1. element
2. mixture
3. compound
4. element
6. diagrams 1,3,4 …because each particle is identical.
7. a. heterogeneous mixture
b. homogeneous mixture
c. homogeneous mixture
d. element
e. element
f. homogeneous mixture
g. compound
h. heterogeneous mixture
i. compound
j. compound
k. compound
8. d, e, g, i, j, k
9. homogeneous separation by: Distillation
heterogeneous separation by: Filtration, Using a magnet, Sorting by hand, Sifting
10. density
11. chemical properties: b, c
12. a. P
b. C
physical properties: a, d, e
c. C
d. P
e. P
f. C
g. P
13. chemical change: a, b, c
14. heterogeneous mixture
15. The Hoffman electrolysis apparatus uses electric energy to split (decompose) the water molecule
into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The hydrogen gas collects at the negative electrode called the
cathode and oxygen gas collects at the positive electrode called the anode.
This is a chemical change. A compound is broken down into two elements (new substance).
16. E
17. B
18. A
19. D
21. colloids , solutions , suspensions
24. a. M
b. NM
c. NM
20. D
22. colloid , scattering
d. M
e. M
f. MD
23. C
g. M
6