IB STYLEE QUESTIONS
POPULATION & CHANGE
Explain the differences in [births | natural increase | mortality | fertility | life
expectancy] in two contrasting geographical locations. [5 marks]
Describe the population pyramid for Niger for 2010. [4 Marks]
Describe the population pyramid for Australia for 2010. [4 Marks]
Compare the population structure shown in the year 2010 demographic
pyramids. [4 Marks]
Demographic structure can be used to demonstrate stages of
development. Explain how the population pyramids show that Australia is more
developed than Niger. [6 Marks]
With reference to the population change shown between Niger 2010 and Niger
2050, what considerations will need to be made in the provision of services and
employment between 2010 and 2050? [6 Marks]
With reference to the population change shown between Australia 2010 and
Australia 2050, what considerations will need to be made in the provision of
services and employment between 2010 and 2050? [6 Marks]
UN Projection: Changes in Fertility Rates 1950 – 2000 and future projections 2000 – 2050
1. Describe the differences between the High, Medium and Low projections
of Fertility rate. [3 marks]
2. Define population momentum. [2 marks]
3. Discuss the problems that population momentum could cause in any
country with similar projected fertility rates (to that in the graph above) in
the immediate and long term future. [10 marks]
Examine the impacts of youthful or ageing populations. [10 Marks]
“Government attempts to control population growth are ineffective.” Discuss this
statement. [15 Marks]
Referring to a specific example, describe the positive | negative impacts that
national (internal) migrations have at their origins | destinations. [6 Marks]
"Migrations within a county's borders have greater negative impacts at their origin
than their destination.' Discuss this statement. [15 Marks]
Referring to a specific example, describe the positive | negative impacts that a
international migration has had at it's origins | destinations. [6 Marks]
"Gender inequality exists to some extent, in many areas of society, in all
countries of the world" Geographically examine this statement. [15 Marks]
DISPARITIES IN WEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Explain how debt relief and aid may reduce disparities. [5 Marks]
Explain how trade and remittances may reduce disparities. [5 Marks]
Explain how trade and access to markets may reduce disparities. [5 Marks]
PATTERNS IN ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY
Describe the energy balance between solar and long wave radiation in the
atmospheric systems [5 marks]
Explain the changes in the balance between solar and long wave radiation due to
external forcings. [5 marks]
Explain the changes in solar and long wave radiation due to changes in the albedo of
the atmosphere. [5 marks]
Explain the factors affecting access to safe drinking water. [ Marks 5]
PATTERNS IN RESOURCE CONUMPTION
should be specifically located. Include well drawn, large, relevant maps, sketches, tables and
diagrams as often as applicable.
1.
Diagram A shows the actual crude birth and death rates for an unspecified country from
1949 to 2000. Diagram B shows changes in the fertility rate for 1950 to 2000 and three future
projections for 2000 to 2050.
Diagram A
Actual Crude Birth and Death Rates for an unspecified country 1949 –2000
50
45
40
35
30
CBR
and
25
CDR
(per 1000)
20
15
10
–3 –
M04/320/HS(1)
2000
1997
1994
1991
Diagram B: UN Projection
1988
1985
1982
1979
1976
1973
1970
1967
1964
1961
1955
1952
1949
(Question0 1 continued)
1958
5
Changes in Fertility
Rates
1950
–2000Crude
and future
2000 –2050
Crude
Birth
Rate
Death projections
Rate
7
(This question continues on the following page)
6
5
224-022
Children 4
per
woman 3
2
1
High
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Medium
2050
2045
2040
2035
2030
2025
2020
2015
2010
2005
2000
1995
1990
1985
1980
1975
1970
1965
1960
1955
1950
0
Low
State the year when the rate of population growth is greatest, and then
calculate the rate and explain briefly how this was done.
[3 marks]
Explain why the highest birth rate does not coincide with the highest
fertility rate.
[2 marks]
Describe and explain the pattern of population growth that results from
the mortality and fertility rates of the country shown in the diagrams.
[10 marks]
Discuss the problems that any country with similar projected fertility
rates could face in the immediate and long term future.
[10 marks]
3.
The diagram shows the pressure placed on the environment by people in 1995 for selected
countries. The impact is measured by the WWF1 in consumption units.
Consumption pressure
per person
Consumption pressure
of whole country
pressure units
population × pressure units
0.85
2.74
0.47
2.35
1.53
0.79
0.88
1.52
0.78
2.35
1.70
1.58
0.95
1.52
1.43
1.92
2.35
0.99
0.95
China
United States
India
Japan
Russian Fed.
Indonesia
Brazil
Germany
Pakistan
S. Korea
Italy
France
Mexico
Thailand
UK
Spain
Canada
Philippines
Iran
1040 m
723 m
443 m
294 m
225 m
167 m
142 m
124 m
110 m
106 m
97 m
92 m
92 m
88 m
83 m
76 m
69 m
67 m
65 m
1 unit = world average consumption
Consumption units are based on the global consumption patterns of grain, fish, wood, fresh
water, energy and land.
[Source: Living Planet Report 1998, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) 1 ]
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
224-022
Describe the pattern of consumption pressure per person shown in the
diagram.
[3 marks]
Briefly explain why there is no correlation between the two sets of data
shown in the diagram (consumption pressure per person and
consumption pressure of the whole country).
[3 marks]
With reference to one resource of your choice, describe and explain the
recent changes in its pattern of production and consumption. (Any
period within the past 50 years would be acceptable.)
[7 marks]
Explain the concept of development and then assess the impact of
development on resource exploitation and the environment at a global
scale.
[12 marks]