Name___________________________
Date_________________________
Science Homework
KIPP AMP 201__/ ______________
Questions? Call Mr. Halvorsen (Mr. H.) at 917-554-9429
Science HOMEWORK #7c
Atoms and Matter
By Cindy Grigg
Caption: A diagram of a helium atom with two protons, two
neutrons, and two electrons.
1
Everything is made from atoms. Atoms are very tiny "building
blocks." They make up all matter. Atoms make up elements and
molecules. Everything is made of atoms.
2
Atoms are made of smaller pieces. The biggest part of an atom is
its nucleus. The nucleus (normally) has two kinds of particles. They
are called protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive electrical
charge. (Remember that proton and positive both start with "P".) Outside the nucleus are
electrons. Electrons have a negative electrical charge.
3
Hydrogen is a little different. Hydrogen is the lightest and simplest element. A hydrogen
atom is so simple, it doesn't have a neutron! When an atom has the same number of protons
and electrons, it is called a neutral atom. The positive and negative electrical charges are
balanced.
4
When something is made of only one kind of atom, it is called an element. Gold and iron
are two examples. Each element has properties or traits that make it different from any other
element.
5
A molecule is made when two or more atoms chemically join together by sharing electrons.
This is called a chemical or covalent bond. Water is a molecule made of one oxygen atom
joined with two atoms of hydrogen. The chemical formula for water is H2O. This formula tells
what water is composed of. It's like the recipe for water.
6
The number of protons, neutrons, and electrons determines the kind of matter. Every
element has a unique number of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Oxygen, for example, has
eight of each. Oxygen is found in our air as a diatomic molecule. This means it is made of two
atoms. Its formula is O2.
7
Name _____________________________
Date ___________________
Atoms and Matter
1. Atoms are made of smaller pieces. Name
them.
3. ______ have a positive electrical charge.
Electrons
Neutrons
Protons
5. When an atom has the same number of
protons and electrons, it is called a ______.
Simple atom
Neutral atom
Ion
2. Which particle is found outside the
nucleus?
Neutrons
Protons
Electrons
4. ______ have a negative electrical charge.
Neutrons
Protons
Electrons
6. When two atoms share electrons, it makes
a ______ bond.
Chemical
Covalent
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Directions: Draw a model of each of the elements below. Be sure to label the protons,
electrons, and neutrons in each atom.
Helium (2 protons)
Nitrogen (7 protons)
Sulfur (16 protons)
Lithium (3 protons)