Meiosis Practice
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. The number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the symbol
a. Z.
c. N.
X.
b.
d. Y.
2. If an organism’s diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
a. 12.
c. 24.
6.
b.
d. 3.
3. Gametes have
a. homologous chromosomes.
b. twice the number of chromosomes found in body cells.
c. two sets of chromosomes.
d. one allele for each gene.
4. Gametes are produced by the process of
a. mitosis.
c. crossing-over.
b. meiosis.
d. replication.
Figure 11–3
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5. What is shown in Figure 11–3?
a. independent assortment
c. crossing-over
b. anaphase I of meiosis
d. replication
6. Chromosomes form tetrads during
a. prophase I of meiosis.
c. interphase.
b. metaphase I of meiosis.
d. anaphase II of meiosis.
7. What happens between meiosis I and meiosis II that reduces the number of chromosomes?
a. Crossing-over occurs.
c. Replication occurs twice.
b. Metaphase occurs.
d. Replication does not occur.
8. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
a. diploid cells.
c. 2N daughter cells.
b. haploid cells.
d. body cells.
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9. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
a. two genetically identical cells.
c. four genetically identical cells.
b. four genetically different cells.
d. two genetically different cells.
10. Crossing-over rarely occurs in mitosis, unlike meiosis. Which of the following is the likely reason?
a. Chromatids are not involved in mitosis.
b. Tetrads rarely form during mitosis.
c. A cell undergoing mitosis does not have homologous chromosomes.
d. There is no prophase during mitosis.
Completion
Complete each statement.
11. Crossing-over occurs during the stage of meiosis called ____________________.
Short Answer
12. What might happen if the gametes of a species had the same number of chromosomes as the species’ body
cells?
13. How many sets of chromosomes are in a diploid cell?
14. Define homologous chromosomes.
15. What happens to the number of chromosomes per cell during meiosis?
16. Contrast the cells produced by mitosis with those produced by meiosis.
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 11–6
17. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 11–6, what is the structure labeled X in stage A?
18. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 11–6, during which stage might new combinations form? Identify the
stage.
19. Inferring If the stages shown in Figure 11–6 are taking place in a female animal, how many eggs will result
from stage G? Explain your answer.
20. Interpreting Graphics List the stages in Figure 11–6 in which the cells are 2N and those in which the cells
are N.
21. Inferring In Figure 11–6, in which stage does each cell have a single copy of each gene? Identify the stage.
Essay
22. The stages of meiosis are classified into two divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II. Compare and contrast these
two divisions.
23. Suppose the homologous chromosomes that make up a tetrad fail to separate during anaphase I of meiosis.
Predict the results of this event.
24. Explain why the daughter cells produced by meiosis are genetically different from each other, whereas the
daughter cells produced by mitosis are not.
Meiosis Practice
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS:
OBJ:
KEY:
2. ANS:
OBJ:
KEY:
3. ANS:
OBJ:
KEY:
4. ANS:
OBJ:
KEY:
5. ANS:
OBJ:
KEY:
6. ANS:
OBJ:
KEY:
7. ANS:
OBJ:
KEY:
8. ANS:
OBJ:
KEY:
9. ANS:
OBJ:
KEY:
10. ANS:
OBJ:
KEY:
C
11.4.1
knowledge
B
11.4.1
application
D
11.4.1
synthesis
B
11.4.2
knowledge
C
11.4.2
application
A
11.4.2
application
D
11.4.2
analysis
B
11.4.3
knowledge
B
11.4.3
application
B
11.4.3
synthesis
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L1
REF: p. 275
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L2
REF: p. 275
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L3
REF: p. 275
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L1
REF: p. 276
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L2
REF: p. 276 | p. 277
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L2
REF: p. 276
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L3
REF: p. 277
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L1
REF: p. 278
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L2
REF: p. 278
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L3
REF: p. 276
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
DIF: L2
NAT: C.1.f
REF: p. 276 | p. 277
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
COMPLETION
11. ANS: prophase I
PTS: 1
OBJ: 11.4.2
KEY: analysis
SHORT ANSWER
12. ANS:
When the gametes fused during fertilization, the offspring would have more chromosomes in their body
cells than their parents have. As a result, the species’ chromosome number would not be constant.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
13. ANS:
DIF: L3
REF: p. 275
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.1
synthesis
A diploid cell has two sets of chromosomes.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
14. ANS:
DIF: L1
REF: p. 275
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.1
knowledge
Homologous chromosomes are the two sets of chromosomes found in a body cell—one set inherited from
the male parent and the other inherited from the female parent.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
15. ANS:
DIF: L2
REF: p. 275
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.1
comprehension
The number of chromosomes is cut in half.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
16. ANS:
DIF: L1
REF: p. 276
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.2
knowledge
Mitosis produces diploid body cells, whereas meiosis produces haploid gametes.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L2
REF: p. 278
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.3
analysis
DIF: L2
REF: p. 276
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.2
analysis
OTHER
17. ANS:
The structure is a tetrad.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
18. ANS:
New allele combinations might form during stage A, which is prophase I.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
19. ANS:
DIF: L3
REF: p. 276
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.2
synthesis
One egg will result. One of the four haploid cells will form an egg. The other three will form polar bodies.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
20. ANS:
DIF: L2
REF: p. 278
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.2
comprehension
The cells in stages A, B, and C are 2N. The cells in stages D, E, F, and G are N.
PTS: 1
OBJ: 11.4.2
KEY: synthesis
21. ANS:
DIF: L3
NAT: C.1.f
REF: p. 276 | p. 277
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
Each cell in stage G, telophase II, has a single copy of each gene.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L2
REF: p. 277
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.2
analysis
ESSAY
22. ANS:
Both meiosis I and meiosis II contain a prophase, a metaphase, and an anaphase. However, chromosomes
replicate prior to meiosis I but not prior to meiosis II. Also, during meiosis I, tetrads form and align along
the center of the cell. Then, the homologous chromosomes are separated and two haploid daughter cells
form. During meiosis II, sister chromatids align along the center of the cell and are then separated. Four
haploid daughter cells form.
PTS: 1
OBJ: 11.4.2
KEY: analysis
23. ANS:
DIF: L2
NAT: C.1.f
REF: p. 276 | p. 277
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2
If the homologous chromosomes of a tetrad fail to separate, half the gametes formed will have an extra
chromosome. The other half will lack a chromosome. When one of these gametes fuses with a normal
gamete during fertilization, the offspring will have an abnormal number of chromosomes (not 2N) in its
cells.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
24. ANS:
DIF: L3
REF: p. 277
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.2
evaluation
During meiosis, the pairs of homologous chromosomes in the parent cell form tetrads and then separate. As
a result, each daughter cell receives only one chromosome from each homologous pair, and the particular
chromosomes that it receives are random. Thus, each daughter cell has a different combination of
chromosomes. Also, crossing-over may occur during meiosis and may result in new combinations of alleles
on the chromosomes in the daughter cells. In contrast, during mitosis, homologous chromosomes usually do
not form tetrads and separate, and therefore crossing-over usually does not occur.
PTS: 1
NAT: C.1.f
DIF: L3
REF: p. 278
STA: III.3.HS.1 | III.3.HS.2 KEY:
OBJ: 11.4.3
synthesis