Name: _______________________________________________________________Date: __________________________Block:___
Genetic Mutations Questions
Use the following table to answer question 1 and 2
1. The genetic disorder sickle-cell anemia occurs when
the amino acid valine takes the place of glutamate during
translation of a hemoglobin chain. Using the table of
codons, determine the mutation in DNA that produces this
disorder.
A. CA G changes to C TC
B. C T T changes to CA T
C. CU C changes to CA G
D. GAA changes to G U U
2. A single base mutation causes the amino acid leucine to
replace tryptophan in the primary structure of a protein.
The base in the DNA that changes to cause this mutation
is
A. adenine.
B. guanine.
C. cytosine.
D. thymine.
3. If the triplet code on a DNA molecule changes from ACT to AGC, the result is called
A. mutation.
B. metastasis.
C. translation.
D. transcription.
4. a) Give one example of an environmental mutagen. (1 mark)
• Viruses.
• Radiation. • Chemicals.any one for 1 mark
b) Explain how a mutagen could change the mRNA produced in a cell. (2 marks)
• The DNA is altered by addition, deletion or substitution of nucleotides. (1 mark)
• A different sequence will be transcribed resulting in altered codons. (1 mark)
5. a) What is it called when one of the bases in a DNA molecule is changed? (1 mark)
• Mutation.
• Gene mutation.
• Point mutation.
• Substitution.
• Addition.
• Deletion.any one for 1 mark
b) What effect might the change in a) above have on a cell? (1 mark)
• Only one amino acid may be changed.
• There may be no change because the code is redundant.
• Cell may be altered structurally.
• Cell may be altered functionally.any one for 1 mark
c) What could cause the change described in b) above? (1 mark)
• Exposure to radiation.
• Exposure to chemicals.
• Virus.
• An error in replication.
• Heavy metals.
• Mutagen.
• Carcinogen.any one for 1 mark
Mrs. N Gill
Biology 12
Name: _______________________________________________________________Date: __________________________Block:___
Recombinant DNA Questions
1. Nucleic acids which have genes from two different organisms are called
A. transfer RNA.
B. ribosomal RNA.
C. messenger RNA.
D. recombinant DNA.
2. a) Define recombinant DNA. (1 mark)
• DNA that has genes from two different organisms. (1 mark)
b) Describe two uses for recombinant DNA. (2 marks)
• Development of frost-resistant crops.
• Production of pure and safe vaccines.
• Mass production of human proteins and hormones (e.g. insulin, interferon).
• Production of hormones for animals (e.g. bGH to increase milk production).
• Production of DNA probes (used to determine such things as paternity or body identification at crime scenes).
• Enhancement of naturally occurring bacteria for use in environmental cleanup.
• Identification of genes for cloning and mapping.
Any 2 for 1 mark each
3. DNA from a wheat plant contains a gene that codes for the production of a bacterial enzyme. This is an example of
A. initiation.
B. promotion.
C. transfer RNA.
D. recombinant DNA.
4. During what process are polypeptides assembled at the ribosomes?
A. hydrolysis
B. translation
C. replication
D. transcription
5 When a foreign gene is incorporated into an organism’s nucleic acid, the resulting molecule is called
A. ATP.
B. recombinant DNA.
C. transfer RNA (tRNA).
D. messenger RNA (mRNA).
Mrs. N Gill
Biology 12