1st 9 weeks review
Chapter 1-3 (and a little bit of 4) Name: _______________________
#27
Chapter 1- Government & the State
I. What is Government?
*Dictator- ruled by single person/small group
*Democracy- Power rests with a majority of the people
-Direct democracy- people make the laws
-Indirect democracy (representative democracy)- elected officials make the laws (U.S.A)
*Presidential vs. Parliamentary-Presidential- people elect President and Congress (U.S.A)
-Parliamentary- people elect Congress, Congress elects the president
*How the American Government began- Social Contract Theory (Preamble)
II. The State
*State- body of people with a government who has power to make & enforce laws without consent of higher authority
Four Characteristics of a state:
1) Population
2) Territory
3) Sovereignty
4) Government
Ch. 2 Our Political Beginnings
I. Basic Concepts of Government
A. Ordered Government
-Government = an orderly regulation of relationships
B. Limited Government-not all powerful, individual rights
C. Representative Government-people should have a voice
II. English Documents
A. Magna Carta- Great Charter- 1st to limit the power of the King
B. Petition of Right- Limited kings power- cannot punish someone for no reason, no martial law in time of peace
C. English Bill of Rights- Prohibited a standing army, must listen to parliament for laws & taxes
Second Continental Congress
May 10, 1775- after Lexington & Concord
Reps. from all 13 colonies
1st National government; Raised an army & navy, Raised taxes, Made treaties
Declaration of Independence
-Declared independence from England with a list of grievances
We have natural rights & can destroy gov. if they go against these rights
Most included: Popular Sovereignty- government can only exist with the consent of the governed
Articles of Confederation
A. Congress = sole body created
1. No Executive
2. No Judicial
B. Unicameral- each state has one vote
C. Presiding Officer elected leader of Congress
D. Creates a firm league of friendship
-Federal government too weak; cannot tax!!
-Constitutional Convention- rewrite the Articles
Virginia Plan
3 Branches: Legislative, executive, judicial
Legislative = bicameral- Lower House elected in each State; Upper House chosen from list provided by the State Legislatures
Smaller states did not like; large states get more power
New Jersey Plan
Unicameral Congress- each state with equal representation- small states like this plan
All 3 branches were included in the plan
A. Connecticut Compromise (Great Compromise)
2 Houses (Bicameral):
-Senate = Equal
-House = based on population
Made large & small states happy
Fight for Ratification
A. Federalists and Anti-Federalists:
1. Federalists favored ratification -Madison, Hamilton
-Stressed the weakness of the Articles
-Wrote the Federalist Papers to encourage ratification
-Need VA and NY- largest states by population
2. Anti-Federalists opposed it
-Absence of God
-Federal Government too strong
-No Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights
First set of basic rights that will be protected by and from the government; First 10 Amendments
Chapter 3: The Six Basic Principles
1. Popular Sovereignty- People are the power
Government would not exist with the consent of the people; In the Preamble “We the people…”
2. Limited Government
Government is not all powerful- Limited Gov’t.
Government only has the power given to them by the Constitution
*Rule of Law- government is never above the law
3. Separation of Powers
Constitution separates the powers of the three independence and coequal branches
No one branch can run the country alone
4. Checks and Balances
Each branch is subject to a number of constitutional restraints by the other branches
Each branch has powers to check the operations of the others
5. Judicial Review
Power of courts to determine whether what gov’t does is in accord with what the Constitution says (Unconstitutional)
6. Federalism
Division of power among a central government and several regional governments
Creates a strong federal gov. while preserving states rights
Formal Amendment ProcessChange in the written words of the Constitution
Define each of the following (most can be found in the review)
1. Representative government
2. Democracy
3. Presidential government
4. Parliamentary government
5. Federal government
6. Limited government
7. Dictatorship
8. State (list the 4 basic characteristics only)
9. Articles of Confederation
10. Federalists
Items to read over before you come to class-How each branch can check each other
-First 10 Amendments (Bill of Rights)
-Preamble
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
New Jersey Plan
Virginia Plan
Connecticut Compromise (Great Compromise)
Three-Fifths Compromise
Popular Sovereignty
Checks and Balances
Bill of Rights
Formal Amendment
Federalism
1st 9 weeks review
Chapter 1-3 (and a little bit of 4) Name: _______________________
#27
Chapter 1- Government & the State
I. What is Government?
*Dictator- ruled by single person/___________________________________
*Democracy- Power rests with a majority of the people
-Direct democracy- people make the laws
-Indirect democracy (representative democracy)- elected ______________________________________________ (U.S.A)
*Presidential vs. Parliamentary-Presidential- people elect President and Congress (U.S.A)
-Parliamentary- people elect Congress, Congress elects the president (Prime Minister)
*How the American Government began- ______________________________________________ Theory (Preamble)
II. The State
*State- body of people with a government who has power to make & enforce laws without consent of higher authority
Four Characteristics of a state:
1) Population
2) Territory
3) __________________________
4) Government
Ch. 2 Our Political Beginnings
I. Basic Concepts of Government
A. Ordered Government
-Government = an orderly regulation of relationships
B. Limited Government-___________________________________________, individual rights
C. Representative Government-people should have a voice
II. English Documents
A. Magna Carta- Great Charter- 1st to ________________________________________________________________________
B. Petition of Right- Limited kings power- cannot punish someone for no reason, no martial law in time of peace
C. English Bill of Rights- Prohibited a standing army, must listen to parliament for laws & taxes
Second Continental Congress
May 10, 1775- after Lexington & Concord
Reps. from all 13 colonies
________________________________________________; Raised an army & navy, Raised taxes, Made treaties
Declaration of Independence
-Declared independence from England with a _____________________________________________________
We have natural rights & can destroy gov. if they go against these rights
Most included: Popular Sovereignty- government can only exist with the consent of the governed
Articles of Confederation
A. Congress = sole body created
1. No Executive
2. No Judicial
B. Unicameral- each state has one vote
C. Presiding Officer elected leader of Congress
D. ____________________________________________________________________________________
-Federal government too weak; ___________________________________!!
-Constitutional Convention- ________________________________________________________________
Virginia Plan
3 Branches: Legislative, executive, judicial
Legislative = bicameral- Lower House elected in each State; Upper House chosen from list provided by the State Legislatures
Smaller states did not like; large states ________________________________________________________________
New Jersey Plan
Unicameral Congress- each state with equal representation- _________________________________________________________
All 3 branches were included in the plan
A. Connecticut Compromise (Great Compromise)
____________________ (Bicameral):
-Senate = Equal
-House = based on population
Made large & small states happy
Fight for Ratification
A. Federalists and Anti-Federalists:
1. Federalists favored ratification -Madison, Hamilton
-Stressed the weakness of the Articles
-Wrote the __________________________________ to encourage ratification
-Need VA and NY- largest states by population
2. Anti-Federalists opposed it
-Absence of God
-Federal Government too strong
-No _________________________________________
Bill of Rights
First set of basic rights that will be protected by and from the government; First ________________________________
Chapter 3: The Six Basic Principles
1. Popular Sovereignty- __________________________________________________
Government would not exist with the consent of the people; In the Preamble “We the people…”
2. Limited Government
Government is not all powerful- Limited Gov’t.
Government only has the power given to them by the Constitution
*Rule of Law- government is _____________________________________________________
3. Separation of Powers
Constitution separates the powers of the three independence and coequal _________________________
No one branch can run the country alone
4. Checks and Balances
Each branch is subject to a number of constitutional restraints by the other branches
Each branch has powers to check the _______________________________________________________________
5. Judicial Review
Power of courts to determine whether what gov’t does is in accord with what the Constitution says (_________________)
6. Federalism
Division of power among a central government and several regional governments
Creates a strong federal gov. while ____________________________________________________________________
Formal Amendment ProcessChange in the written words of the______________________________
Define each of the following (most can be found in the review)
1. Representative government
2. Democracy
3. Presidential government
4. Parliamentary government
5. Federal government
6. Limited government
7. Dictatorship
8. State (list the 4 basic characteristics only)
9. Articles of Confederation
10. Federalists
Items to read over before you come to class-How each branch can check each other
-First 10 Amendments (Bill of Rights)
-Preamble
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
New Jersey Plan
Virginia Plan
Connecticut Compromise (Great Compromise)
Three-Fifths Compromise
Popular Sovereignty
Checks and Balances
Bill of Rights
Formal Amendment
Federalism
A. Connecticut Compromise (Great Compromise)
____________________ (Bicameral):
-Senate = Equal
-House = based on population
Made large & small states happy
Fight for Ratification
A. Federalists and Anti-Federalists:
1. Federalists favored ratification -Madison, Hamilton
-Stressed the weakness of the Articles
-Wrote the __________________________________ to encourage ratification
-Need VA and NY- largest states by population
2. Anti-Federalists opposed it
-Absence of God
-Federal Government too strong
-No _________________________________________
Bill of Rights
First set of basic rights that will be protected by and from the government; First ________________________________
Chapter 3: The Six Basic Principles
1. Popular Sovereignty- __________________________________________________
Government would not exist with the consent of the people; In the Preamble “We the people…”
2. Limited Government
Government is not all powerful- Limited Gov’t.
Government only has the power given to them by the Constitution
*Rule of Law- government is _____________________________________________________
3. Separation of Powers
Constitution separates the powers of the three independence and coequal _________________________
No one branch can run the country alone
4. Checks and Balances
Each branch is subject to a number of constitutional restraints by the other branches
Each branch has powers to check the _______________________________________________________________
5. Judicial Review
Power of courts to determine whether what gov’t does is in accord with what the Constitution says (_________________)
6. Federalism
Division of power among a central government and several regional governments
Creates a strong federal gov. while ____________________________________________________________________
Formal Amendment ProcessChange in the written words of the______________________________
Define each of the following (most can be found in the review)
1. Representative government
11. New Jersey Plan
2. Democracy
12. Virginia Plan
3. Presidential government
13. Connecticut Compromise (Great Compromise)
4. Parliamentary government
14. Three-Fifths Compromise
5. Federal government
15. Popular Sovereignty
6. Limited government
16. Checks and Balances
7. Dictatorship
17. Bill of Rights
8. State (list the 4 basic characteristics only)
18. Formal Amendment
9. Articles of Confederation
19. Federalism
10. Federalists
20. Concurrent Powers
Items to read over before you come to class-How each branch can check each other
-Formal Amendment Process
-First 10 Amendments (Bill of Rights)
-5 informal Amendments
-Preamble