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Three Types of Rock Study Guide
Where do foliated rocks form? Deep under the Earth’s surface.
List the places where minerals are exposed to high pressures. Deep under the Earth’s
surface, and near tectonic plates.
How do clastic rocks form? As water slows down it deposits sediments that are cemented
together.
Where do extrusive rocks form? Surface of the volcano.
Describe where and how fine-grained texture, and coarse-grained texture form. Finegrained texture rocks form on the outside of a volcano when lava is cooled quickly.
Coarse-grained texture rocks form on the inside of a volcano when magma is cooled
slowly.
Describe the grain size of intrusive and extrusive rocks. Intrusive rocks have a coarsegrained texture, extrusive rocks have fine-grained texture
What type of rock goes through cementation? Sedimentary rocks
Give examples of clastic rocks. Conglomerate, sandstone, and siltstone
Define texture. It describes the sizes, shapes, and position of the grains that make up the
rock.
What are the possible textures of a rock? Foliated, non-foliated, fine-grained, coarsegrained, glassy
How does cooling speed affect the texture of igneous rocks? The faster it cools, the smaller
the crystals
From what are metamorphic rocks made? Existing rocks or minerals
Define Non-foliated minerals grains that are not arranged in any pattern
Clastic, organic and chemical are all what type of rock? Sedimentary
What is the difference between lava and magma? Lava is magma after it comes out of a
volcano, magma is molten material inside of a volcano or under ground.
Define conglomerate and describe its texture. Conglomerates are made of large round
clasts cemented together, and it has a coarse texture.
How do metamorphic rocks form? Extreme heat and pressure is applied to existing rocks
and minerals.
How do igneous rocks form? Form when lava or magma cools and crystalizes
How do sedimentary rocks form? Form when rocks are weathered and sediments are
deposited in layers; the layers build up and are cemented and compacted together.
List the steps to form sedimentary rocks. Form when rocks are weathered and sediments
are deposited in layers; the layers build up and are compacted and cemented together.
What does the texture and composition of a rock tell you about the rock? Texture tells you
what size sediments that the rock was made of and how it was weathered. A rock’s
composition tells scientists the minerals from which the rocks were formed.
Define rock. Naturally occurring, solid combination of one or more minerals or organic
matter.