MINUS Functional Decomposition
TEAM UGS – Shirin Aminifar, Eddy Gerenski, Amin Mehr
SYSTEMS 798 – Fall 2008
Contents
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3
1.
MINUS ................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1.
Sensor Function ............................................................................................................................ 4
1.1.1.
Processor Function................................................................................................................ 5
1.1.2.
Detection Function................................................................................................................ 5
1.1.2.1.
Seismic Function ........................................................................................................... 6
1.1.2.2.
Acoustic Function .......................................................................................................... 6
1.1.2.3.
Magnetic Function ........................................................................................................ 6
1.1.2.4.
Thermal Function .......................................................................................................... 6
1.1.3.
1.1.3.1.
Transmit System ............................................................................................................ 6
1.1.3.2.
Receive System ............................................................................................................. 7
1.1.4.
Location Function.................................................................................................................. 7
1.1.4.1.
Receive Function ........................................................................................................... 7
1.1.4.2.
Storage Function ........................................................................................................... 7
1.1.5.
1.2.
Communications Function .................................................................................................... 6
Power Function ..................................................................................................................... 7
1.1.5.1.
Battery System .............................................................................................................. 8
1.1.5.2.
Regenerative Power System ......................................................................................... 8
1.1.5.3.
Power Management System ......................................................................................... 8
Relay Function............................................................................................................................... 8
1.2.1.
Processor Function................................................................................................................ 9
1.2.2.
Communications Function .................................................................................................... 9
1.2.2.1.
Receive Function ........................................................................................................... 9
1.2.2.2.
Transmit Function ......................................................................................................... 9
1.2.3.
1.3.
Power Function ..................................................................................................................... 9
1.2.3.1.
Battery System .............................................................................................................. 9
1.2.3.2.
Regenerative Power System ....................................................................................... 10
1.2.3.3.
Power Management System ....................................................................................... 10
Base Station/User Interface Function ......................................................................................... 10
1.3.1.
Graphical User Interface (GUI) Function ............................................................................. 10
1.3.1.1.
Display Function .......................................................................................................... 10
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1.3.1.2.
1.3.2.
Input Function ............................................................................................................. 10
Communications Function .................................................................................................. 11
1.3.2.1.
Receive Function ......................................................................................................... 11
List of Figures
Figure 1 - MINUS Top Level Functional Decomposition (Lvl 1) ..................................................................... 4
Figure 2 - MINUS Sensor Component Functional Decomposition (Lvl 2) ..................................................... 4
Figure 3 - MINUS Sensor Function Decomposition (Lvl 3) ............................................................................ 5
Figure 4 - MINUS Sensor Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3) ......................................................................... 6
Figure 5 - MINUS Communications Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3) ......................................................... 6
Figure 6 - MINUS Location Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3) ...................................................................... 7
Figure 7 - MINUS Power Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3) .......................................................................... 8
Figure 8 - MINUS Relay Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3) ........................................................................... 9
Figure 9 - MINUS Base Station/User Interface Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3)...................................... 10
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Introduction
The Miniature Intrusion Networked Unattended Ground Sensor System (MINUS) Functional
Decomposition is a 3 level breakdown of the primary functions the system shall perform. These
functions are derived from a stakeholder’s needs assessment and will traced to the system and
operational architectures associated with the Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DODAF).
The intent of the Functional Decomposition is to gain insight into identity of the functional components
of the MINUS system in a hierarchical format that illustrates sub functions and their global role within
the system. For this decomposition the basic system level functions have already been determined with
their assignments. The basic functions were selected based on the basic needs of the stakeholders,
market analysis and preliminary team design reviews. For example the “battery system” is based on the
needs assessment that the system must function on battery power. This function will correlate to
physical hardware further in the design.
The primary functionality of interest is the detection and notification of intrusion in a given spatial area
of interest. The top level functional solution (for the interests of this course and the stakeholders) is the
MINUS system and is thus treated as the top level of functional decomposition of this document.
-PRIMARY FUNCTION-
DETECT AND NOTIFY OF
INTRUSION
-PRIMARY FUNCTION-SOLUTION-
MINUS
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1. MINUS
Miniature Intrusion Networked Unattended Ground Sensor System (MINUS) is composed of a mote
sensor array that is deployed to an area of interest to provide autonomous surveillance. The sensor
array forms a mesh communications network and relays intrusion detection information to a relay point
that transmits information to a ground station/user interface.
Figure 1 below is a graphical representation of the top level functional decomposition. For the
purposes of this project the functional decomposition goes down to a level 3 breakdown with some
assumptions made about the functions at lower levels. MINUS is the top level of the “Detect and Notify
of Intrusion Functionality”.
Figure 1 - MINUS Top Level Functional Decomposition (Lvl 1)
1.1.Sensor Function
The MINUS sensor function is serves as the primary intrusion detection capability. The sensor
function is to sense different external properties (seismic, acoustic, EO/IR, and magnetic) and relays
information to other nodes and the relay point. Figure 2 below shows the Sensor Functional
Decomposition in a system decomposition level 2 structure. Figure 3 below shows the Sensor Functional
Decomposition in a system decomposition level 3 structure.
Figure 2 - MINUS Sensor Component Functional Decomposition (Lvl 2)
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Figure 3 - MINUS Sensor Function Decomposition (Lvl 3)
1.1.1. Processor Function
The Processor serves as the brain and primary computing power of the sensor node. Its function is
to continually manage the other sub systems of the sensor node.
1.1.2. Detection Function
The Detection Function serves as the detection mechanism of the Sensor Node. This system uses
mote sensors to detect various external properties near the sensor node (i.e. seismic, acoustic, EO/IR,
and magnetic). Figure 4 below shows the level 3 functional decomposition for the Sensor Function of
MINUS.
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Figure 4 - MINUS Sensor Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3)
1.1.2.1. Seismic Function
The function of the seismic system is to detect vibrations near the sensor component.
1.1.2.2. Acoustic Function
The function of the acoustic system is to detect audible sounds above a defined decibel level near
the sensor component.
1.1.2.3. Magnetic Function
The function of the magnetic system is to detect metal objects (i.e. vehicles) that are near the
sensor component.
1.1.2.4. Thermal Function
The function of the thermal system is to detect changes in thermal properties (i.e. thermal deltas
created by people, and vehicles) near the sensor component.
1.1.3. Communications Function
The Communications Functions is the Sensor Functions information transfer portal. The
communications function is capability of transferring/communicating information to and from the other
Sensor Nodes and the Relay Node. Figure 5 below shows the level 3 functional decomposition for the
Communication Function of the Sensor of MINUS.
Figure 5 - MINUS Communications Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3)
1.1.3.1.
Transmit System
The transmit system functions as a method of sending sensor component information to other
sensors and relays.
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1.1.3.2. Receive System
The receive system functions as a method of receiving information from other sensor components.
1.1.4. Location Function
The purpose of the Location Function is to determine the geographical location of the sensor
function. Figure 6 below shows the level 3 functional decomposition for the Location Function of the
Sensor of MINUS.
Figure 6 - MINUS Location Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3)
1.1.4.1. Receive Function
The function of the receive system is to collect Global Positioning
System (GPS) signals to determine sensor location.
1.1.4.2. Storage Function
The function of the storage system is to store the location information
so it may be acquired by the sensor component as needed.
1.1.5.
Power Function
The Power Function provides all electronics power and power management for the
Sensor Node. The power system allocates power to the various sub systems of the
Sensor Node as well as monitor power consumption, recharging (if applicable) and
conservation as needed. Figure 7 below shows the level 3 functional decomposition for
the Power System of the Sensor Component of MINUS.
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Figure 7 - MINUS Power Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3)
1.1.5.1. Battery System
The function of the battery system is to provide stand alone electronic power to the sensor
component so it does not require any external power sources.
1.1.5.2. Regenerative Power System
The regenerative function provides a means of regenerating the power source of the sensor
component to increase the operational life of the system.
1.1.5.3. Power Management System
The Power Management system functions as an autonomous administrative process that
manages the sensor components battery function, regenerative function and sensor power
consumption.
1.2. Relay Function
The Relay Function is to collect information from the near-by Sensor Nodes and relay that
information back to a base station. The primary purpose of this system is communications and
therefore has a strong communications sub-system with emphasis on attaining information
from as many Sensor Nodes as possible. The technology focus of Relay Function is on transfer
and receive (Tx/Rx) radio communications and mobile power (battery life). Figure 8 below
shows the functional decomposition of the Relay Function of MINUS. The decomposition in
Figure 8 goes to level 3 of the system.
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Figure 8 - MINUS Relay Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3)
1.2.1.
Processor Function
The Processor serves as the brain and primary computing power of the Relay Node. Its function is to
continually manage the other sub systems of the Relay Node.
1.2.2. Communications Function
The Communications System functions as the Relay Nodes radio Tx/Rx to communicate with nearby
Sensor Nodes and pass detection information back to a base station via long haul radios and/or
hardwired communications.
1.2.2.1.
Receive Function
The function of the Receive system is to receive the information transmitted by the sensor components
to the Relay Component.
1.2.2.2.
Transmit Function
The function of the transmit system is to transmit information collected from the sensor components
back to the Base Station/User Interface Component.
1.2.3. Power Function
The Power function provides all electronics power and power management for the Relay Node. The
power system allocates power to the various sub systems of the Relay Node as well as monitor power
consumption, recharging (if applicable) and conservation as needed.
1.2.3.1.
Battery System
The function of the battery system is to provide stand alone electronic power to the relay component so
it does not require any external power sources.
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1.2.3.2. Regenerative Power System
The regenerative function provides a means of regenerating the power source of the relay
component to increase the operational life of the system.
1.2.3.3. Power Management System
The Power Management system functions as an autonomous administrative process that manages
the relay component’s battery function, regenerative function and sensor power consumption.
1.3. Base Station/User Interface Function
The User Interface is the Base Station for the MINUS system. The function of this sub system is to
inform the user of the Sensor Nodes alerts, status and location via information fed through the
relay node back to a computer or PDA. Figure 9 below shows the functional decomposition of the
Base Station/User Interface Component of the MINUS system.
Figure 9 - MINUS Base Station/User Interface Functional Decomposition (Lvl 3)
1.3.1. Graphical User Interface (GUI) Function
The function of the GUI is to provide the user with a means of visualizing the area of interest (AOI)
and indicated when and where a Sensor Component as indicated a potential intrusion has been
detected.
1.3.1.1.
Display Function
The function of the display system in the GUI is to show the users of MINUS a visual display of
MINUS information.
1.3.1.2.
Input Function
The Input System functions as the means for a user to input information into the system at the
base station. This input shall be incorporated into the display as graphics and/or text.
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1.3.2. Communications Function
The Communications Function is to collect information from the Relay Node via long haul radios
and/or hardwired communications systems.
1.3.2.1. Receive Function
The Receive Systems function is to receive the information from the Relay Component.
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