AP/DE Biology
GR Ch 8 Genetics
Ch 12 Genomes
Name ________________
Block _____ Date _____
1. Distinguish between the following pairs of terms: dominant and recessive;
heterozygous and homozygous; genotype and phenotype; incomplete dominance and
codominance; monohybrid cross and dihybrid cross; P generation, F1 generation, and
F2 generation.
2. Use a Punnett square (show your work) to predict the results of a dihydrid cross
and state BOTH the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the F2 generation. Create
two traits to use in your dihybrid cross.
3. Explain how a testcross can be used to determine if a dominant phenotype is
homozygous or heterozygous.
4. If a dominant allele of one gene, A, is necessary for hearing in humans, and the
dominant allele of another gene, B, results in deafness regardless of the presence of
other genes, what fraction of offspring in a marriage of AaBb and Aabb individuals
will be deaf? Create a dihybrid cross to support your answer. What is this type of
inheritance in which the phenotypic expression of one gene is affected by another
gene? _______________________
5. Explain how sex is genetically determined in humans and the significance of the SRY
gene.
6. Sex-linked traits
a) Explain why sex-linked diseases are more common in human males. List two
sex-linked traits.
b) Red-green color blindness is inherited as a sex-linked recessive. Two parents
with normal color vision have a child who is red-green color-blind. Is it a boy or
girl? Draw a pedigree of the family. Draw a Punnett square to show gametes and
offspring with regard to the X and Y chromosomes and the normal and colorblind alleles.
7. Distinguish among nondisjunction, aneuploidy, trisomy, triploidy, and polyploidy.
Explain how these chromosomal changes occur and describe the consequences.
(p139)
8. Create a table comparing genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics with regard to the
methods used and results obtained.
9. Create a VENN diagram used to compare prokaryotic genomes and eukaryotic
genomes.
10. What are STR? Explain how STR are used in DNA fingerprinting techniques. What
benefits can our society gain from this type of genetic technology?