Essential Biology 3.7 & 3.8 Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis Core
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1. Define cell respiration.
2. Write a word equation for the process of (aerobic) respiration, using glucose as a reactant.
3. Write a balanced symbol equation for (aerobic) respiration, using glucose as a reactant.
4. In the space below, draw a simplified diagram of the structure of ATP.
Label the location of the high-energy bond.
5. State six energetic processes that make use of ATP.
6. Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic in terms of respiration.
7. In which two parts of the cell does aerobic cell respiration take place?
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Essential Biology 3.7 & 3.8 Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis Core
8. Label the diagram of aerobic cell respiration below.
9. Label the diagram of anaerobic cell respiration below.
10. Complete the table below, comparing aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Hexose sugar input
Oxygen in
2 ATP produced
Pyruvate as an intermediate compound
Animals
Yeast
Carbon dioxide produced
Water produced
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Essential Biology 3.7 & 3.8 Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis Core
11. Complete the table below summarizing the events of aerobic cell respiration. *some is HL !!*
Reaction
Location
Purpose
ATP yield
Glycolysis
2
Matrix of the
mitochondrion
Convert pyruvate (3C)
to acetyl CoA (2C)
0
Krebs Cycle
Inner mitochondrial
membrane
Oxidative
phosphorylation
12. Label the diagram below with the correct processes, locations and compounds:
Sample exam questions:
Use lined paper for these questions. Remember – layout out your ideas clearly.
13.
Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration, including yield of ATP. (8 marks)
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Essential Biology 3.7 & 3.8 Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis Core
Sample data analysis question
At the start of glycolysis, glucose is phosphorylated to produce glucose 6-phosphate, which is
converted into fructose 6-phosphate. A second phosphorylation reaction is then carried out,
in which fructose 6-phosphate is converted into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphofructokinase.
Enzyme activity
Biochemists measured the enzyme activity of phosphofructokinase (the rate at
which it catalyzed the reaction) at different concentrations of fructose 6-phosphate. The
enzyme activity was measured with a low concentration of ATP and a high concentration of ATP
in the reaction mixture. The graph below shows the results.
(a)
(i)
Using only the data in the above graph, outline the effect of increasing
Low ATP concentration
High ATP concentration
Fructose 6-phosphate concentration
fructose 6-phosphate concentration on the activity of phosphofructokinase, at a low ATP
concentration.
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(2)
(ii)
Explain how increases in fructose 6-phosphate concentration affect the activity of the enzyme.
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(2)
(b)
(i)
Outline the effect of increasing the ATP concentration on the activity of phosphofructokinase.
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(2)
(ii)
Suggest an advantage to living organisms of the effect of ATP on phosphofructokinase.
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(1)
(Total 7 marks)
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Essential Biology 3.7 & 3.8 Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis Core
1. Define photosynthesis
2. Write a word equation and balanced symbol equation for the process of photosynthesis.
3. Summarise the two main stages of photosynthesis:
Input
Outcome
Light-dependent reactions
Light independent reactions
4. Light from the Sun is composed of a range of wavelengths (colours).
a. Distinguish between frequency and wavelength in terms of electromagnetic radiation.
b. Between which wavelengths is light visible to the human eye?
c. Match the ranges of wavelengths below with their colours.
i. 400-500nm =
ii. 500-650nm =
iii. 700-800nm =
5. What is chlorophyll? In which organelle can it be found?
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Essential Biology 3.7 & 3.8 Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis Core
6. Photosynthesis consists of two stages: light dependent and light independent reactions.
a. Define photolysis
b. Define photophosphorylation
c. Define carbon fixation
7. Which two products of the light-dependent reactions are carried through to the lightindependent reactions?
8. Describe three ways (two direct and one indirect) in which the rate of photosynthesis can be
measured.
Direct 1:
Direct 2:
Indirect:
9.
In the space below, draw a set of axes and a curve explaining how light intensity can affect the
rate of photosynthesis of a green plant.
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Essential Biology 3.7 & 3.8 Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis Core
10. In the space below, draw a set of axes and a curve explaining how carbon dioxide
concentration can affect the rate of photosynthesis of a green plant.
11. In the space below, draw a set of axes and a curve explaining how temperature can affect the
rate of photosynthesis of a green plant.
A limiting factor is the one factor which is in shortest supply or is preventing the rate of a reaction from
increasing. If this factor were increased, rate of reaction would increase until another plateau was
reached (a different factor is then limiting).
12. Explain how the following factors can limit the rate of photosynthesis of green plants:
(give reasons specific to the reactions of photosynthesis)
--------------------------complete this answer in the table on the following page!--------------------------
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Essential Biology 3.7 & 3.8 Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis Core
Factor
Which stages of photosynthesis are limited and how?
Carbon dioxide concentration
Low CO2 means less carbon can be fixed from the atmosphere in the
Calvin cycle. Output of glucose is reduced and RuBP builds up.
Light intensity
Temperature
13. Using the graph below, deduce, with reasons, the most important limiting factor in the
rate of photosynthesis of this green plant.
14. Compare photosynthesis and respiration.
Take time to think about all the connections – reactions, structures, products and processes.
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