MWMO Watershed Bulletin: 2008-1 (FG DEMI 12/16)
Prepared for the MWMO by:
(name of consulting firm)

Annual Monitoring Report 2008 10 pt Franklin Gothic Demi
And I know the titles get really long and involved and perhaps have subheads instead of one long title 10 pt Franklin Gothic book
Prepared for the MWMO by: OR Contributing Authors: OR Primary) Authors OR Contributing
Editors:
If MWMO staff, include name and title. Kari Oquist, Water Resources Manager
Name 1, Affiliation
Name 2, Affiliation
Name 3, Affiliation etc.
(partner logos s hould not be larger than the MWMO logo on this page)
MWMO Contact: Only If MWMO Staff not listed as an author above
(10 pt Franklin Gothic Demi )
Kari Oquist, Water Resources Manager
Acknowledgements (10 pt Franklin Gothic Demi)
(Note - if extremely long is shifted to first item in Table of Contents.)
10/16 Franklin Gothic Book The Hmong Water Research Project was an exciting, groundbreaking effort resting on the shoulders of excellent work done by many people. The author, the Mississippi Watershed Management Organization (MWMO), and the City of
Minneapolis would like to thank individuals in the Minnesota Departments of Natural community and laying the groundwork for this project: Pam Shubat, Josee Cung, Tong Vang,.

Suggested citation: (FG DEMI 8/10)
(FGB 8/10) Mississippi Watershed Management Organization. 2008. Title written out (in italics). MWMO Watershed
Bulletin 2008-1. 708 pp.
Front Cover: FG DEMI 8/10)
(FGB 8/10) The rare and elusive blue-winged teal resting during migration in the Mississippi River Critical Area near downtown Minneapolis. Photograph by B. Jastram, Mississippi Watershed Management Organization. Courtesy of the
MWMO Museum of Natural History. (First Initial, Last Name of Photographer and affiliation) and/or acknowledge the source, if appropriate.)
1224 Marshall Street NE, Suite 201
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55413-0136
(612) 465-8780
(612) 465 8785 fax www.mwmo.org
Optional Placement of this text Suggested Citation: -(FGB 7/10) Mississippi
Watershed Management Organization.. 2008. Title written out (in italics). MWMO
Watershed Bulletin 2008-1. 708 p
Front Cover: The rare and elusive blue-winged teal resting during migration in the
Mississippi River Critical Area near downtown Minneapolis. Photograph by B.
Jastram, Mississippi Watershed Management Organization. Courtesy of the
MWMO Museum of Natural History. (First Initial, Last Name of Photographer and affiliation) and/or acknowledge the source, if appropriate.)

MWMO Watershed Bulletin: 2008-1 (12 pt FG Demi)
Prepared for the MWMO by:
(name of consulting firm)

Abstract twelve point FG demi
10/16) Franklin Gothic Book : Beginning in 2002, there have been major waterbird die-offs every spring and fall in Lake Onalaska (Navigation Pool 7 of the
Upper Mississippi River) located near La Crosse,
Wisconsin. This area is part of the Upper Mississippi
River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge (UMR Refuge) and lies within the Mississippi Flyway, through which an estimated 40 percent of the continent’s waterfowl migrate. Through the 2006 spring migration, total mortality on the UMR Refuge was estimated at
22,000 to 26,000 birds, primarily American coots
(Fulica americana) and lesser scaup (Aythya affinis).
Two trematodes ( Sphaeridiotrema globulus and
Cyathocotyle bushiensis ) that use the exotic faucet snail ( Bithynia tentaculata ) as an within the Mississippi Flyway, through which an estimated 40 percent of the continent’s waterfowl migrate. Through the 2006 spring migration, total mortality on the UMR Refuge was estimated at
22,000 to 26,000 birds, primarily American coots
( Fulica americana ) and lesser scaup ( Aythya affinis ).
Two trematodes ( Sphaeridiotrema globulus and
Cyathocotyle bushiensis ) that use the exotic faucet snail ( Bithynia tentaculata ). Because Lake Onalaska is a major spring and fall stop-over area for waterfowl in the Mississippi Flyway, concerns were raised that the snail and trematodes may be spreading to other waterfowl stop-over areas on the river. Exploratory sampling for faucet snails was conducted in 2005 and 2006 in navigation Pools 4–9 (excluding Pool 5a which is located between Pools 5 and 6), 11, and 13.
Infected snails were found in all the sampled pools except Pool 6. To our knowledge, these are the first records of faucet snails and associated trematodes beyond those found in Pool 7, Lake Onalaska.
Waterbird die-offs are becoming a UMR Refuge-wide problem. Information obtained through research and monitoring, including the identification of the origin of infections in snails and birds and the role various environmental factors have on this process, should help guide managers to develop effective mitigation and control measures
1224 Marshall Street NE, Suite 201
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55413
(651) 287 0948
(651) 287 1308 fax www.mwmo.org
Документ1