TISSUES MAMA SHEET
Epithelial Tissue
Name of Tissue
Simple Squamous
Epithelium
*simplest of the epithelia
Description




Single layer, flat cells
Disc-like nuclei
Sparse cytoplasm
Bound by Tight Junctions
Function

Diffusion
(gaseous exchange in lungs and
blood vessels)


Filtration
Secretion
(lubrication in serosae)
Simple Cuboidal
Epithelium


Single layer, cube-like
cells
Large, spherical nuclei


Secretion
Absorption
Location






Alveoli in lungs
Kidney Glomeruli
Lining of heart (endocardium)
Blood vessels (endothelium)
Ventral cavity serosae
(mesothelium)
Kidney Tubules
Ducts Secretory areas of small
glands
Ovary surface


Simple Columnar
Epithelium
*Non-ciliated



Single layer, tall cells
Oval nuclei
Layers may have mucussecreting, unicellular
glands (Goblet cells)


Absorption
Secretion (mucus,
enzymes)



Stomach mucosa  anal
Gallbladder
Excretory ducts of some glands
Simple Columnar Ciliated
Epithelium

Single layer, ciliated tall
cells
Oval nuclei

Cilia propels mucus (or
eggs)


Lining small bronchi
Uterine tubes, other uterine
areas
Single layer of cells of
differing heights, some
not reaching the free
surface
nuclei at different levels
May have Goblet cells &
Cilia
5+ layers
Surface cells are flat
Basal cells are cuboidal
or columnar,
metabolically active, in
mitosis, & makes cells in
superficial layers
5+ layers, cube-like cells


Secretion (esp. mucus)
Propulsion of mucus if
ciliated

Non-ciliated:
Lg gland ducts & parts of male
urethra
Ciliated:

trachea, most upper resp. tract
Protects underlying
tissues from abrasion


Protection

Rare in the body

Largest ducts of sweat,
mammary & salivary glands

5+ layers, tall surface
cells
Basal cells usually
cuboidal


Protection
Secretion



Rare in the body
Small amount in male urethra
large ducts of some glands
Resembles both stratified
squamous & stratified
cuboidal
surface cells domeshaped or squamous-like
Basal cells cuboidal or
columnar

Stretches readily to
permit distension of
urinary organ by urine

Lines ureters, bladder, part of
urethra

Pseudostratified
Columnar Epithelium
*Can be ciliated or nonciliated



Stratified Squamous
Epithelium

Keratinized

Non-keratinized



Stratified Cuboidal
Epithelium

Stratified Columnar
Epithelium


Transitional Epithelium
*think Bladder!






Non-keratinized: moist lining of
esophagus, mouth, vagina
Keratinized: epidermis of skin
Image
Connective Tissue Proper: Loose CT
Name of Tissue
Areolar CT
Description




Adipose CT


Reticular CT

Function
Gel-like matrix
All 3 fibers present
Soft packaging body
tissue
Cell: fibroblasts,
macrophages, mast
cells, some WBCs


Location



Wraps & cushions organs
Its macrophages
phagocytize bacteria
Big role in inflammation
Holds & conveys tissue fluid
Sparser matrix than
Areolar
Closely packed
Adipocytes (fat cells) w/
nuclei pushed to the
side by fat droplets



Provides reserve fuel
Insulates
Supports & protects organs

Network of reticular
fibers in loose Ground
Substance

Fibers form soft internal
skeleton supporting other
cells

Image
Widely distributed under
epithelia e.g. forms Lamina
Propia mucus membranes
Packages organs
Surrounds capillaries


Subcutaneous layer under
skin
Around kidneys & eyeballs
In bones
In abdomen & breasts



Lymphoid organs: Lymph
nodes, bone marrow,
spleen
Connective Tissue Proper: Dense CT
Name of Tissue
Dense Regular CT
Description



Dense Irregular CT



Elastic CT

Function
Mostly parallel Collagen
fibers
A few Elastin fibers
Major cells type is the
fibroblast

Mostly irregularly
arranged Collagen fibers
Some Elastin fibers
Major cells type is the
fibroblast

Dense CT w/ high content
of Elastin fibers



Location
Attaches muscles to
bones
Withstands great tensile
stress pulling in 1
direction



Tendons
Most ligaments
Aponeuroses
Withstands great tensile
stress pulling in many
directions
Provides structural
strength


Dermis of skin
Submucosa of Digestive
tract
Fibrous capsules of
organs & joints
Tensile strength w/
moderate elasticity


Ligaments connecting
adjacent vertebrae
(Ligamentum Nuchae)
Image