1st Semester Final Exam Study Guide
1. During the period 1820-1860, the major concerns in the U. S. dealt with issues related to
what issue?
2. The power relationship that changed most as a result of the Civil War was the increase in
the power of which level of government? (State or federal)
3. At the beginning of the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln maintained that the war
was being fought for what purpose?
4. Know which event was the immediate cause of the secession of several Southern states
from the Union in 1860.
5. During the period 1865-1900, government contributed to the growth of corporations
mainly by doing what?
6. Many wealthy industrialists of the late nineteenth century used the theory of Social
Darwinism to support what cause?
7. How were many African Americans in the South affected after Reconstruction ended in
1877?
8. The poll tax, the literacy test, and the actions of the Ku Klux Klan were all attempts to
limit the effectiveness of what legislation?
9. Policy of stronger nations to create empires by dominating weaker nations economically,
politically, culturally, and militarily.
10. Which statement reflects a foreign policy view held by both President James Monroe and
President Theodore Roosevelt?
11. Which of the following statements BEST defines the Open Door policy?
12. Term for the exaggerated news reporting that encouraged U.S. entrance into war in 1898.
13. Which of the following was an IMMEDIATE cause of the Spanish-American War?
14. Who was the U.S. President when the U.S. began building the Panama Canal connecting
the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans?
15. Theodore Roosevelt’s essential foreign policy principle was characterized by what
African proverb?
16. Know the elements of Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy.
17. The central issues of the Scopes trial were whether or not allow what in public schools?
18. The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920’s was a period when African Americans did what?
19. The 1920’s are sometimes called the "Roaring Twenties" for what reason?
20. The rise of the American mass media led to the development of what?
21. The use of the assembly line to manufacture automobiles allowed Ford to do what for
ordinary Americans.
22. In the 1920s, many African Americans moved to northern cities to escape what?
23. During the red scare, many Americans blamed labor strikes on what?
24. Which events best support the image of the 1920’s as a decade of nativist sentiment?
25. This type of segregation is the law
26. The SNCC was formed to enable students to do what?
27. What was the goal of the Selma March?
28. How did the demands of Native American activist differ from those of other minorities?
29. In 1954 the U.S. Supreme Court decided in the case of Brown v Board of Education that:
___________.
30. The tactics of the civil rights groups in the 1960s were based on the philosophy of
_____________.
31. Know the goals that Feminists movement worked toward.
32. In the late 1840s, what led to the question of whether slavery should expand to the
territories?
33. Why did the Fugitive Slave Act anger Northerners?
34. Which of these were nullified by the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
35. What can the events of “Bleeding Kansas” can be attributed to?
36. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncles Tom’s Cabin infuriated the South for what reason?
37. Why was Abolitionist John Brown executed?
38. What did abolitionists believe about slavery?
39. What provision did the Compromise of 1850 include?
40. What provisions were enacted under the new Fugitive Slave Act passed in 1850?
41. Who wrote the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?
42. What event started “Bleeding Kansas”?
43. “Bleeding Kansas” demonstrated that popular sovereignty was_________________.
44. The Dred Scott decision stated that slaves were____________________.
45. What was Lincoln’s view on African Americans?
46. Why did John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry fail?
47. Why did South Carolina secede from the Union?
48. Seceding states believed that they had to leave the Union in order to protect what?
49. How did the election of 1860 showed that the North and the South were two distinct
political entities?
50. Which of the following events directly caused the outbreak of the Civil War?
51. Why did the Confederate States of America write a constitution that prohibited importing
slaves from other countries?
52. Which of the following contributed to Lincoln’s decision to address the issue of slavery
in the South?
53. Before the Emancipation Proclamation, enslaved African Americans who were captured
by Union forces were often treated as_____________.
54. How did the Civil War affect industries in the North?
55. How did the North’s population differ from the South’s population?
56. What is one geographic advantage the South had over the North?
57. Why was the Civil War’s first large battle, the first Battle of Bull Run, so shocking?
58. What port on the Gulf of Mexico was captured by Union forces early in the war?
59. What happened to the South’s economy during the Civil War?
60. The Union started to control the Mississippi River when troops captured what city?
61. Where did Lee finally surrender to Grant?
62. What effect did Lincoln’s ability to unify the bitterly divided North have on the outcome
of the Civil War?
63. What is one advantage that helped the North to achieve victory in the Civil War?
64. What impact did the Civil War have on the South’s African American population?
65. What battle is considered to be the turning point in the Civil War?
66. Why did the Confederate army begin to falter and eventually lose the battle at Petersburg,
Virginia?
67. Some abolitionists criticize Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation because
68. What did Lincoln want before he announced the Emancipation Proclamation?
69. Why was a plan for Reconstruction of the South needed?
70. Know the many parts of Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction.
71. The Ten Percent Plan required that_____________.
72. The Radical Republicans rejected the Ten Percent Plan because they believed
that__________.
73. In the system of share-tenancy, farm workers do what?
74. Know why the KKK was significant to the Reconstruction Era.
75. One of President Lincoln’s first major goals for Reconstruction was to_____________.
76. President Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction required_____________.
77. What were the successes of Reconstruction?
78. What did Republicans gain from the Compromise of 1877?
79. How did Hayes’ election effectively end Reconstruction?
80. Which of the following helped fuel economic growth by encouraging people to buy
American goods?
81. Steel changed people’s lives by making possible the____________________.
82. A cartel differs from a monopoly in that_________________.
83. Which innovation extended the number of hours in a day that Americans could work and
play?
84. The Sherman Antitrust Act imposed limitations upon which group?
85. How does Horizontal integration differs from vertical integration?
86. The federal government formed the Interstate Commerce Commission for what purpose?
87. Which labor group limited membership to skilled craftspeople and focused on economic
reforms?
88. Which event resulted in the execution of four anarchists and the decline of the Knights of
Labor?
89. Which labor leader began the American Federation of Labor?
90. Know what was meant by the Social Gospel and Christianity and the Social Crisis.
91. What social problem did Upton Sinclair’s novel The Jungle describe?
92. Which reform did the Nineteenth Amendment enact?
93. The 1903 Muller v. Oregon decision upheld right for women?
94. What was one goal of the Americanization movement during the Progressive Era?
95. W.E.B. Du Bois was an outspoken critic of
96. The efforts of the Women’s Christian Temperance Union eventually led to which
change?
97. Which legislation gave the government the authority to set and limit shipping costs?
98. What happened within a year of United States Navy Commodore Matthew Perry’s arrival
in Tokyo Bay in 1853?
99. Hawaii was annexed in what year?
100.
Who were the “Rough Riders?”
101.
When did the United States grant independence to the Philippines?
102.
What was the Platt Amendment ?
103.
What new relationship with Hawaii did Congress approve in 1898?
104.
Social Darwinism is the theory that________________.
105.
Know what the Teller Amendment was and who it gave rights to?
106.
Roosevelt’s “big stick” diplomacy stated_________________.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
“Moral diplomacy” means that the U.S. government
should__________________.
How did Prohibition contribute to the growth of organized crime?
The Teapot Dome oil scandal involved which two officials?
Why did Marcus Garvey’s movement fall apart?
What was a major result of Henry Ford’s innovative manufacturing techniques?
Buying stock on margin remained profitable as long as what occurs?
At its heart, the Scopes Trial was a clash between what?
What is Jazz? Why was it important to the 1920s?
What message was expressed through the literature of the Harlem Renaissance?
How did the Harlem Renaissance help to establish a sense of group identity ?
What was the significance of Harlem?
In 1929, the stock market crashed because______________.
What event occurred on Black Tuesday?
Why did so many banks collapse at the beginning of the Great Depression?
Why did the policy of volunteerism fail?
What did Roosevelt and Congress pass the day after FDR’s inauguration?
What were the goals of the New Deal?