Human Body Study Guide
Part 1 – Skeletal/Muscular through Circulatory Systems
Skeletal & Muscular Systems
Know how the Skeletal System
 maintains homeostasis in the human body
o through support & protection
·
Know the difference between
 axial skeleton
appendicular skeleton.
Know the internal and external
 anatomy of a bone. (Bone Diagram)
Know how the Muscular System
 maintains homeostasis
o through movement
Know how the Muscular System works with the Skeletal System
 to maintain homeostasis
o support and movement
Know the differences and location of the three types of muscles:
cardiac
skeletal
smooth
Digestive System
Know the Digestive System maintains homeostasis
 through providing nutrition for the body’s cells
Know the meaning of these terms:
peristalsis.
mechanical digestion
chemical digestion.
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Know the digestive “helper” organs –
Liver
Gall Bladder
Pancreas
Urinary System
Know how the Urinary System
 maintains homeostasis
o cleaning waste and maintaining fluid balance
Know the function of the following organs of the Urinary System:
Kidneys
Nephron
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Know how dialysis helps to maintain homeostasis within individuals who suffer from kidney disease.
Circulatory System
Know how the Circulatory System
 maintains homeostasis
o transports nutrition, oxygen, and hormones throughout the body
Know the three types of blood cells:
Red
White blood cells
Platelet Cells
Know the three types of blood vessels.
artery
vein
capillary.
Know the major parts of the heart
Right atrium & ventricle
left atrium & ventricle
Know how blood flows through the Circulatory System
 . . . from the body to the heart, from the heart(right side)to the lungs, from the lungs to the
heart, from the heart(left side)to the body, from the body to the heart, from the heart . . .
Human Body Study Guide
Part 2 – Respiratory through Nervous System
Respiratory System
Know how the Respiratory System
 maintains homeostasis
o by providing oxygen for the body’s cells through diffusion (gas exchange - O₂ in, CO₂ out)
Know the function of each organ of the Respiratory System:
Nasal cavity
Larynx
Epiglottis
Trachea
Bronchiole tubes
Lungs
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Diaphragm
Know how the Circulatory System and Respiratory System work together
 to maintain homeostasis
o intake and distribution of O₂
Endocrine System
Know the Endocrine System
 maintains homeostasis
o regulating the body with hormonal balance
Know how target cells help maintain homeostasis
Know how glands help maintain homeostasis
Know the major organs of the Endocrine System and their functions:
Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland
Adrenal Glands
Pancreas
Parathyroid Glands
Thymus
Thyroid Gland
Immune System
Know how the Immune System
 maintains homeostasis
o works to protect the body from disease
Know how the white blood cells help the Immune System maintain homeostasis.
Nervous System
Know how the Nervous System
 maintains homeostasis
o alerting the body to needs or threats to health and safety
Know the following components of the nervous system:
Brain
Spine
Nerve
Know the functions of the following sub-systems:
 peripheral nervous system

central nervous system
Know the functions of the following structures:
Neurons
motor neurons
interneurons