AP Euro-Lively
Unit 6: The Industrial Revolution, ca. 1780-1850
Chapters 22 (McKay) Study Guide
Directions: Part I of the study guide will not be assessed as part of the Study Guide grade; however, it
is a crucial component of the Course Notebook grade. You are required to provide a 2-3 sentence
identification of each term that appears below. This identification should include a basic definition of
the term (who, what, where, when) and also a statement of significance (So what?). After each unit,
you should print these terms and place them in your Course Notebook. At times, I will ask you to bring
these notebooks to class so that I can check your progress in this matter.
Part I
Identifying Key Terms
Notable People
Thomas Malthus
David Ricardo
Andrew Ure
Henry Cort
James Hargreaves
(spinning jenny)
Richard Arkwright
(water frame)
Robert Owen
James Watt (steam engine)
Friedrich List
George Stephenson
Friedrich Engels
Terms and Events
Industrial Revolution
Great Exhibition of 1851
Chartist movement
Capital
Capitalism
Luddites
Protective tariff
Trade union
Part II
Mass production
Domestic system
Separate spheres
Zollverein
Factory Act of 1833
Combination Acts
Parish Apprentices
Grand National
Consolidated Trades Union
Craft union
Economic nationalism
Class-consciousness
Mines Act of 1842
Urbanization
Review Questions
Directions: Check your understanding of this chapter by answering the following questions in about
four-five well written and effective sentences each.
1. How did economic and demographic developments in the 18th century cause the Industrial
Revolution? In what industry did the Industrial Revolution begin?
2. What factors supported the growth of the Industrial Revolution in England?
3. Describe the energy crisis in England. How was it solved?
4. What impact did the railroad have on (a) the factory system, (b) the rural workers, and (c)
the outlook and values of society?
5. How did James Watt’s improvement of the steam engine affect the course of the industrial
revolution?
6. How did the change in textile production affect employment in spinning and weaving for
adults and children?
7. What effect did the French Revolution and the wars of 1792-1815 have on the economies of
the continental states? What were the variations in the timing and extent of industrialization
in the United States, Belgium, Germany, and France?
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8. What disadvantages and advantages were felt by countries that industrialized after Great
Britain?
9. Describe the conflict between labor and capital during the industrial revolution. Did
Britain’s new industrial middle class ruthlessly exploit the workers? Why or why not?
10. Describe the relationship between industrialization and urbanization.
11. Did the standard of living improve or decline between 1790 and 1850? Why or why not?
What about other factors, such as diet and working conditions?
12. What was the effect of the factory system in Britain on the family?
13. What was the subcontract system and how did it work? Did it have a negative or a positive
impact on working-class life?
14. What is meant by the term sexual division of labor? What are the various theories about its
emergence?
15. What efforts were made to improve working conditions during the industrial revolution?
Part III Chronological Awareness
Directions: Place the following events in the correct chronological order. Provide the year of each
event. Since the events are given to you in a sequence that is out of chronological order, please
reorder the events correctly. In the event that one or more of the events listed below do not have a
single year in which it took place, provide the appropriate date ranges. Rewrite this list in the
correct chronological order, providing the year of the event, occurrence, or trend.
1. Great Exhibition is held at the Crystal Palace
2. George Stephenson introduces the Rocket
3. James Watt patents the modern steam engine
4. Parliament repeals the Combination Acts
5. Luddites attack factories in northern England
6. James Hargreaves invents the Spinning Jenny
7. British Factory Act
8. Creation of the Zollverein
9. Friedrich Engels The Condition of the Working Class in England
10. Thomas Malthus Essay on the Principle of Population
Part IV Multiple Choice Practice
Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested
answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case, and then write the letter and the
answer of your choice on your study guide.
1. Industry developed in nations outside of Britain because
a. In the United States slavery was so expensive there were plenty of workers for factories.
b. In Belgium high tariffs protected growing industries.
c. In India the cotton industry was big enough that Indians built their own large textile
industry.
d. In France the king lowered taxes to build trade with other nations.
e. The German states, through direct trade with Britain, gained unprecedented access to the
most modern equipment.
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2. How did the agricultural revolution lead to the industrial revolution?
a. Its failure caused many workers to move from the cities to the farms, and thus led to a
higher demand for farm tools, which the factories produced.
b. The agricultural revolution caused the growth of industry because most of the wealth
that supported the building of factories came from the large land-owning farmers.
c. The most successful machines of the industrial revolution were invented by workers who
had gained their ideas from what they had witnessed during the agricultural revolution.
d. With the greater productivity of farms, many unemployed workers moved to cities to
take jobs in factories, and the cities in turn had the food necessary to support the
additional population.
e. The taxation that came from the growth of agriculture allowed nations, especially Great
Britain, to provide the necessary infrastructure for factories.
3. One of the major economic causes for British industrial success was
a. A sound banking system that provided necessary credit.
b. The creation of the pound as a separate currency from the euro in use on the Continent.
c. That the British government did not get involved in the country’s economy.
d. Britain’s strong trading relationship with the German states.
e. That her economy was already strong from a powerful trade among guilds.
4. Which of the following describes the difference between the Luddites and the Chartists?
a. The Chartists used illegal means; the Luddites used legal means.
b. The Luddites were violent whereas the Chartists were nonviolent.
c. The Luddites worked on providing workers the right to vote; the Chartists focused on
getting the vote for women.
d. The Chartists fought to minimize working hours for children; the Luddites focused on
improving working conditions for adults.
e. The main difference between the two groups was that the Luddites were successful but
the Chartists were not.
5. All of the following were true of entrepreneurs during the Industrial Revolution EXCEPT
a. They worked hard in the factories, providing the needed labor.
b. They were the financial backbone of factory production.
c. They made great profits and put them back into their businesses to continue to build
wealth.
d. They offered an enormous capital investment.
e. They could afford to buy the factory buildings and expensive machinery.
6. The effect of nineteenth-century technological developments in Britain included all of the
following EXCEPT
a. Cloth was produced more quickly.
b. Children became desirable factory workers.
c. Factories did not have to be near rivers or streams.
d. England produced sufficient iron for machines.
e. England began its first textile industry.
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7. What attributes of laissez-faire capitalism were key to the development of the industrial
revolution?
a. Private ownership, free enterprise, profit motive, competition, and market economy
b. Group ownership, free enterprise, profit motive, competition, and domestic economy
c. Group ownership, free enterprise, profit motive, monopolies, and market economy
d. Private ownership, free enterprise, profit motive, competition, and domestic economy
e. Private ownership, free enterprise, profit motive, monopolies, and domestic economy
8. The lives of urban factory workers were quite difficult for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
a. they lived in crowded, unsanitary tenements.
b. diseases could spread quickly and devastate large numbers of people.
c. factory work was highly repetitive and boring.
d. men and women – but not their children – worked in dangerous situations.
e. urban sanitation was poor.
9.
One of the main reasons the Industrial Revolution grew at a slower pace on the Continent than
in Great Britain was that
a. Belgian-manufactured goods were of lower quality than French goods.
b. the British sent only examples of their lower-quality machines to the Continent.
c. European countries’ roads and river transportation were not as good as Britain’s.
d. the economic devastation in France after the War of the French Succession made it too
weak to support industrial advancement.
e. the guilds, which were very unpopular on the Continent, threw their support behind the
development of industry in Belgium.
10. The Great Exhibition of 1851
a. showed the British love of nature above all.
b. showed Britain’s leading position during the Industrial Revolution.
c. was held in France to celebrate its first industrial use of the railroad.
d. exhibited machines from around the world.
e. was created by the king of England to honor a new alliance with France.
Note: Incomplete study guides will receive a 10 point penalty. This will not be allowed to be made
up via redo. Organize your time and work on your study guide a little bit at a time. Substantially
incomplete study guides will be graded, but considered late, and only allowed to be redone up to 25
points.
Study Guide Grading Rubric. 50 points.
Review Questions (20 points) - 4 questions will be selected at random from those above. Each will
be worth 5 points.
Multiple Choice (10 points) - This section is worth 10 points. 1 point will be deducted for each
incorrect response.
Chronology (10 points) - This section is worth 10 point. Points will be deducted for each incorrect
response.
Overall Completion (10 points) - 10 points will be awarded for completion of all questions and
parts.
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