A.
Identification Data
Roll No.
01
Name of the School
Tiny Tots Hr. Sec. School
Class
8th
Av. Age of the pupil
13-14 years
Subject
Social Studies
Aspect
Geography
Topic
Internal Structure of the Earth
Time
30-35 Minutes
Dated
B.
Input
B1.
Teaching Points
1.
Earth : Earth is the planet in our solar system. It is the only planet
on which life exists and we live on it.
2.
Earth has three layers named crust, mantle and core.
3.
Crust : The top layer of the earth is called the crust. It comprises of
continents and ocean basins. It is the thinnest layer of the earth. The
thickness of the earth’s crust on a continent will be between 35 and
75 kms and in the deepest basins of the ocean it is 5 to 10 kms
thick.
4.
Mantle : The middle layer of earth is called the Mantle. At 2900
kms deep, it is the thickest layer of the earth. The mangle has two
layers, the upper and the lower mantle. Because of its thickness, the
mangle is where most of the earth’s heat is located. The average
temperature of the earth’s mantle is about 1000 degree Celsius. At
this temperature, the mantle remains a solid, but a flexible like
plastic.
5.
Core : The core is the innermost layer of the earth. It is made up of
two parts the inner core and the upper core. At the very center of the
earth is the inner core. It is solid and is made up almost entirely of
iron. It is about 1200 kms thick.
B2.
Objective of the Lesson :
To acquaint the learner with different layers of earth.
B3.
Expected Behavioural Objectives
1.1
The learner is able to recall the definition of earth.
1.2
The learner is able to recall different layers of earth.
1.3
The learner is able to recognize different layers of earth.
2.1
The learner is able to see the relationship between layers of earth.
2.2
The learner is able to differentiate between the characteristics of
layers of earth.
4.1
B4.
The learner is able to analyze interior of the earth.
Teaching Aids :
General Aid : Usual classroom apparatus.
Specific Aid : Model showing different layers of earth.
C.
PROCESS
C1.
Motivation :
In order to motivate the students pupil teacher will ask them the following
questions :1.
How many planets are there in the solar system ?
Ans. There are eight planets in our solar system.
2.
Name the planets ?
Ans. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Naptune,
Pluto.
3.
On which planet do we live ?
Ans. We live on the earth.
4.
What are the different layers of earth ?
Ans. May or may not answer the question.
C2.
Announcement of the Topic :
On getting no response, P.T. will announce the topic by saying that, “Well
students, earth has three layers and today we shall study about the layers
of earth”.
C3.
Presentation :
Pupil Teacher Activity
Use of Chalkboard and
A.V. Aids
Students Activity
Pupil teacher will take an
apple and show.
Q. What is the colour of Red
outer
layer
of
the
apple ?
Q. How does this apple It’s hard.
feel ?
Pupil teacher will explain Listen
carefully
and Crust is the outer layer of
that so students, as the noting down.
the earth which is hard.
red colour surface is the
outer layer of apple in
the same way crust is the
outer layer of the earth
which is hard.
Pupil teacher will cut the Red
colour
surface
is
apple and ask the student thinnest.
which
is
the
thinnest
layer in this apple.
Crust is the thinnest layer
Pupil teacher will explain Noting down.
of the earth with the
crust is the thinnest layer
thickness of 35 km.
of the earth with the
thickness of 35 km.
Q. If we see the earth
from
an
aeroplane Land and water.
what do we see ?
So, the crust comprises
The crust comprises of
of land i.e. continent and Noting down.
land continent and water
water i.e. ocean basins
i.e. ocean basins and the
and the thickness of crust
thickness
in continent is 35 km and
continent is 35 and 75
75 kms and the thickness
km and thickness of crust
of crust in ocean basins
in ocean basin is 5 to 10
is 5 to 10 kms.
kms.
of
crust
in
Pupil teacher will show a
aluminum foil and ask.
Q. What is this ?
So, students, aluminum Aluminum Foil.
is a metal which is found
in crust.
Aluminum
Noting down.
is
a
metal
which is found in crust.
Showing an apple pupil
teacher will ask :-
Q. What comes after the
red cover of the apple
?
The white layer.
Q. What part of the apple
is thickest ?
White.
So
students,
after
the
crust the second layer is
The second layer of the
called mantle which is Noting down.
earth
the thickest layer of the
which
earth
layer of the earth having
having
the
thickness of 2900 kms.
pupil teacher will ask :-
is
the
the thickness
kms.
Showing a thermometer
is called
mantle
thickest
of
2900
Q. What is this ?
Q. What is the use of Thermometer
Thermometer ?
It
Q.
How
do
when
you
you
is
used
to
record
feel temperature.
have
fever?
(When you thouch your
head what do you feel ?)
Body is hot.
So students, the average
temperature
of
earth
The average temperature
mantle is 1000 degree Noting down.
of earth mantle is 1000
Celsius and that is why
degree Celsius and that is
this layer of earth is
why this layer of earth is
very-very hot.
very-very hot.
Showing
an
iron
nail
pupil teacher will ask :Q. Can you bend this
nail?
No
Showing a plastic piece:Q. Can you bend this
plastic ?
Yes
So, the plastic has the
characteristic
of
being
flexible and
the
same Listen carefully.
property
is
shown
by
mantle.
Mantle remain solid at
the high temperature but
is flexible like plastic.
Mantle remain solid at
Noting down.
high temperature but is
flexible like plastic.
Again, showing an apple
pupil teacher will ask :Q. Which is the inner
layer or surface of
the apple ?
The
surface
with
the
seed.
So, students, the third
and the innermost layer
The third and innermost
of the earth is called core Listen
carefully
and layer of earth is called
and it is divided into two noting down.
core and it is divided into
parts :-
two parts inner core and
Inner
core
and
outer
outer core.
core.
Showing a glass of water
pupil teacher will ask :Q. What is the form of
water in the glass ?
Liquid.
So, the outer core of
earth is liquid.
The outer core of earth is
Q. In which state ice is Noting down.
liquid.
found ?
Solid
So, the inner core of
earth is solid.
The inner core of earth is
Q. Which substance is Noting down.
solid.
called
the
natural
magnet ?
So,
students,
Earth.
pupil
teacher will explain that
the magnetic properties
of the earth is because of
core.
CLOSURE :
Pupil Teacher will close the lesson with the help of model. By telling, so
students, earth has three layers named crust, mantle and core, crust is the outer
layer of earth having continents and ocean basins. Mantle is the middle layer
with ferromagnesium salts and most of the heat. The innermost layer is called
core which is divided into liquid outer core and solid inner core. Magnetic field
of earth is because of core.
D.
OUTPUT
D1.
Real learning outcomes :
In order to know to what extent the pupils have understood the topic,
pupil teacher will ask the following questions :Q1.
Read the questions below and circle the letter of the correct answer
:i)
ii)
Which of the following is NOT one of the Earth’s layers ?
a)
Inner Core
b)
Crust
c)
Outer mantle
d)
Lower mantle
Starting with the outermost layer, what is the order of earth’s
layers ?
a)
Core, mangle, crust
b)
Crust, upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core, inner
core.
c)
Mantle, inner crust, core.
d)
Crust, inner core, mantle.
iii)
The core of the earth is made up almost completely of which
element ?
iv)
v)
Q2.
a)
Iron
b)
Granite
c)
Sulfur
d)
Calcium
Which layer of the earth is the thickest ?
a)
Mantle
b)
Core
c)
Crust
d)
All layers are the same thickness.
Which of the earth’s layers is liquid ?
a)
Lower crust
b)
Outer core
c)
Inner core
d)
Mantle
Label the layers of the earth :-
Q3.
Read each statement below. If it is true, write “T” in the blank; if it
is false, write an “F”.
a)
The center of the Earth is made of molten rock.
b)
Most of the Earth’s heat is stored in the mantle.
c)
The outer core is liquid.
d)
The thinnest parts of the Earth’s crust are its continents.
e)
The crust of the earth is much cooler than its other layers.
f)
The crust is broken down into two parts : the upper and lower
crust.