Chapter 4: Photosynthesis/Cell Respiration Study Guide
Name: ______________________________________
Date:___________
1.
What is the primary source of energy for cells?
ATP- from carbohydrates
2.
What are three types of carbon based molecules from which we can get energy? AND
next to it write how much ATP can come from that molecule.
Carbohydrates - 36 ATP
Lipids -146 ATP
Protein usually broken down to amino acids (but sometimes 36 ATP)
3.
ATP transfers energy from food to the _________________________.
Cellular process
4.
Describe the relationship between bonds and energy.
Bonds break= release energy
Bonds form= store energy
5.
Describe ATP, ADP, and AMP in terms of energy and structure (how many phosphates?).
ATP= fully charged (3 phosphates)
ADP= half charged (2 phosphates)
AMP = no charge (1 phosphate)
6.
Compare and contrast Chemosynthesis and photosynthesis using a T-chart. Make sure
you also include the organisms that carry out each process.
Both are ways to make organic compounds for energy
Chemosynthesis uses energy from chemical compounds to make their food.
- Organisms found near ocean sea vents
Photosynthesis uses energy from the sun to make their food - plants
7.
Describe the difference between an autotroph and heterotroph.
Autotroph- makes own food through photosynthesis
Heterotroph- must consume food and break down through cellular respiration
8.
How do producers get energy?
They are autotrophs and they get energy from the food they make through
photosynthesis.
9.
Write out the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis using symbols. Include the
names (words) for all the compounds.
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight  C6H1206 + 6O2
Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight  glucose + oxygen
10.
What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
To make food from the energy from the sun.
11.
What organelle does photosynthesis take place? And where in the organelle does each
stage of photosynthesis occur?
Chloroplast
light dependent reactions take place - thylakoid membrane
Calvin cycle - stroma
12.
Draw the structure of a chloroplast. Use the following words to label it: stroma, grana,
thylakoid, chlorophyll). Provide a definition for each term.
Stroma- the fluid in the chloroplast that surround the Thylakoids.
Thylakoid - (disks- photosynthetic sacs). They contain the chlorophyll.
Grana - A stock of thylakoids
Chlorophyll - pigments that absorb light energy
13.
What is the role of chlorophyll?
To absorb the energy of the sun
14.
What are the two processes/reactions of photosynthesis?
Light Dependent reaction and the Calvin cycle (also known as light independent reactions
or dark reactions)
15.
What is the purpose of the light dependent reaction?
Absorb sunlight and split water to make energy for the calvin cycle (in the form of ATP
and NADPH)
16.
What is the purpose of the Calvin cycle?
To make sugar (food)
17.
What two reactants are used in the Light dependent reaction?
Water and sunlight
18.
What reactant is used in the Calvin cycle?
Carbon dioxide
19.
What is produced (there are 3 products total) in the light dependent reaction?
ATP, NADPH, and oxygen
20.
What is produced in the Calvin cycle?
Glucose (sugar)
21.
In what organelle does cellular respiration take place?
mitochondria
22.
What is the process of breaking sugar in half?
glycolysis
23.
What are the two processes of cellular respiration?
Kreb’s cycle and Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
24.
In which process from above is most of the ATP made?
ETC
25.
Write out the balanced chemical equation in both symbols and words for cellular
respiration?
Energy + C6H1206 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O
ATP + Glucose + oxygen equals
carbon dioxide + water
26.
What are the two kinds of fermentation?
Alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation
27.
After glycolysis, if oxygen is not present what process does the cell undergo to continue
to make energy?
fermentation
28.
Muscle cells go through this type of fermentation when there is a lack of oxygen.
Lactic acid fermentation
29.
Bread rising… beer making… What process?
Alcoholic fermentation
30.
Dairy products, sour cream, yogurt… What process?
Lactic acid fermentation
31.
What are the products of the Krebs cycle (2 total)?
Carbon dioxide and ATP
32.
What happens to the energy storing compounds produced in the Krebs cycle?
They get broken down into ATP
33.
What do you call the breakdown of sugar in the presence of oxygen?
Cellular respiration
34.
Does fermentation require oxygen?
No
35.
What product causes the burning sensation in muscle cells?
Lactic Acid
36.
What is the product of lactic acid fermentation? What are the products of alcoholic
fermentation?
Lactic Acid – from lactic acid fermentation
Carbon dioxide and alcohol – from alcoholic fermentation