Haway
Hawaii
Hawaii’s diverse natural scenery, warm tropical climate, the wanderfools public
beaches, oceanic surroundings, and active volcanoes make it a popular
destination for tourists, surfers, biologists, and volcanologists alike. Due to its
mid-Pacific location, Hawaii has many North American and Asian influences
along with its own vibrant native culture. Hawaii has over a million permanent
residents along with many visitors and U.S. military personnel. Its capital is
Honolulu on the island of Oahu.
The state encompasses nearly the entire volcanic Hawaiian Island chain, which
comprises hundreds of islands spread over 1,500 miles (2,400 km). At the
southeastern end of the archipelago, the eight "main islands" are (from the
northwest to southeast) Niʻihau, Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, Molokaʻi, Lānaʻi, Kahoʻolawe,
Maui and the island of Hawaiʻi. The last is the largest and is often called "The Big
Island" to avoid confusing the name of the island with the name of the state as a
whole.
Hawaii is the 8th smallest, the 11th least populous, but the 13th most densely
populated of the 50 U.S.A. states.
Hawaii is one of two states that do not observe daylight saving time, the other
being Arizona. It is also one of two states that are not in the contiguous United
States; the other is Alaska. Additionally, Hawaii is the only U.S.A. state not to be
located in the Americas. Hawaii is also the only state with an Asian plurality.
Because the islands are so far from other land habitats, life before human
activity is said to have arrived by the “3 W’s”: wind (carried through the air),
waves (brought by ocean currents), and wings (birds, insects, and whatever they
brought with them). This isolation, and the wide range of environments
(extreme altitude, tropical climate) produced a vast array of endemic flora and
fauna (see Endemism in the Hawaiian Islands). Hawaii has more endangered
species and has lost a higher percentage of its endemic species than any other
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U.S. state.[45] One endemic plant, Brighamia, now requires hand-pollination - its
natural pollinator is presumed to be extin
The relatively short time that the existing main islands of the archipelago have
been above the surface of the ocean (less than 10 million years) is only a
fraction of time span over which biological colonization and evolution have
occurred in the archipelago.
The islands are well known for the environmental diversity that occurs on high
mountains within a trade winds field. On a single island, the climate can differ
around the coast from dry tropical to wet tropical; and up the slopes from
tropical rainforest through a temperate climate into alpine conditions of cold
and dry climate.
Endemic Haleakalā Silversword near Haleakalā summit
Several areas in Hawaii are under the protection of the National Park
Service.[48] Hawaii has two national parks: Haleakala National Park near Kula, on
Maui, includes Haleakalā, the dormant volcano that formed east Maui; and
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park in the southeast region of the island of Hawaiʻi,
which includes the active volcano Kīlauea and its various rift zones.
There are three national historical parks: Kalaupapa National Historical Park in
Kalaupapa, Molokaʻi, the site of a former Hansen’s disease colony; KalokoHonokōhau National Historical Park in Kailua-Kona on the island of Hawaiʻi; and
Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park, an ancient place of refuge.
Other areas under the control of the National Park Service include Ala Kahakai
National Historic Trail on the Big Island and the USS Arizona Memorial at Pearl
Harbor on Oʻahu.
Hawaii is one of the moust popular touristic destination!