1.
Fully explain how natural factors contribute to the differing levels of development in
the case study areas you have identified. Use detailed evidence to support your
answer.
Natural factors have a huge effect on development. In
Tanzania there are bad soil types which means these
crops are not able to grow as successfully as they could
as there are not enough nutrients in the soil. There are
also many droughts as there is only a small rainfall
which means crops are not watered enough to grow.
There is a lack of resources too in Tanzania meaning
people do not have the knowledge to make things
better. The USA is a rich nation and they have plenty
of money to buy their food needs so do not have to
grow it. The USA also has a normal rainfall while in
Tanzania it only rains for 17 days a year.
Overall Mark – Not Achieved
Main Reason: While 2 natural factors are identified (soil and rainfall) the
link to development is not made. It also lacks good case study evidence
from the USA.
2.
Fully explain how natural factors contribute to the differing levels of development in
the case study areas you have identified. Use detailed evidence to support your
answer.
One factor that has led to differences in development
between coastal and inland Tanzania is rainfall.
The coastal regions around Dar-Es-Salaam are much
more humid because they are next to the sea. In
contrast inland areas around Kigoma are much drier
and months of rain are more frequent. These areas
only experience about 17 days of rainfall a year.
This leads to differences in development as the
successful farming possible around the coast due to the
rainfall means that cash crops can be sold and
exported. This brings in an income to the people living
in this region allowing them a better standard of living
as they are able to invest in health and education. This
in turn leads to more economic development.
In contrast the dry conditions inland mean people here
struggle to grow enough food to feed themselves and
growth of any cash crops is not possible. This leads to a
lack of income and a poorer standard of living.
Overall Mark – Not Achieved
Main Reason: Good understanding of how rainfall has led to differences
in development with case study information. However, the question
asks for factors (plural) and only one is provided.
3.
Fully explain how natural factors contribute to the differing levels of development in
the case study areas you have identified. Use detailed evidence to support your
answer.
Tanzania experiences extreme drought inland where it
gets only 250mm compared to the coastal area where it
receives much more. Because there is little rain the
crops fail which makes the people malnourished and
have health problems. This sets them into a cycle of
poverty since if they are ill they are unable to work
hard to break the cycle. In comparison droughts do not
affect the coastal areas like Dar-Es-Salaam where they
have enough money to buy imported food and their
livelihood is not affected if they cannot produce their
own food.
The lack of rainfall inland also leads to soil erosion and
this is a problem that has increased 20 fold in the last
30 years. Without plants to hold the soil together the
top soil is taken away by winds or rains in the wet
season. This adds to the problems in inland areas like
Kigoma as it creates infertile soils making it even
harder to grow crops and gain any income. As a result
they lack the money to invest in fertilisers that
perpetuates their poverty. In contrast this does not
happen in the wealthier coastal areas.
Overall Mark –Merit
Main Reason: Covers 2 factors of rainfall and soils and gives reasons why
this leads to a difference in development. However, depth is only
provided for one case study area.
4.
Fully explain how natural factors contribute to the differing levels of development in
the case study areas you have identified. Use detailed evidence to support your
answer.
In Tanzania a significant natural factor that has led to
differences in development is location. Urban areas are
much better developed in terms of their infrastructure
and facilities compared to the rural areas inland. Here
the only areas that have some level of development are
those that are based around tourism such as at Arusha
in the North. Here tourism has brought in lots of
money that has been invested in the region. As a result
80% of the roads are sealed and money is invested in
tertiary education and good modern hospitals. This is
in contrast to areas with no tourism such as Kigoma.
Here only 1% of roads are sealed and health facilities
are very basic.
Another natural factor is deforestation. In inland
areas 95% of the population rely on wood as a source of
fuel for cooking and washing. Over time this resource
has been depleted so that locals often have to travel
over 20km to collect enough wood for their daily needs.
This takes workers away from their other work leading
to less family income. In contrast this is not a problem
in the urban areas where better infrastructure means
that they have electricity for cooking and cleaning.
Overall Mark – Not Achieved
Main Reason: Neither of the factors chosen is linked to natural factors in
the way they are written. Tourism can be included if linked to the
natural factors of the game reserves. The second factor here is energy
sources and not the trees that could have been a focus.
5.
Fully explain how natural factors contribute to the differing levels of development in
the case study areas you have identified. Use detailed evidence to support your
answer.
In Tanzania the most significant natural factor that
has led to it being classified as a less developed country
is its climate. Tanzania is a country that has a hot, dry
climate and where droughts are common. Much of the
country experiences only 250 mm of rain a year.
Because of these dry conditions the people experience
difficulties growing enough food to feed themselves.
Without enough rain to sustain any crop growth many
of the people become malnourished and ill. As a result
they struggle to get an income resulting in a poor
standard of living.
In contrast in the USA the natural conditions are very
good and they have a much better standard of living.
Here the main natural factor that has aided its
development is the fertile soils. The USA has many flat
fertile plains such as the mid west region which are
constantly being replenished by the rivers that run
through them such as the Colarado. As a result of this
farmers are able to grow cash crops easily for export.
This brings in a substantial income to the region who
are then able to invest in infrastructure such as
hospitals and schools that ensure they have a good
standard of living. Investment in education and
research in turn ensures that future farming is aided
by technology that makes it even more efficient and
maximizes profit.
Overall Mark – Not Achieved
Main Reason: different factors are chosen for each case study so does
not allow for a comparison of development. This is a shame as each of
them is good and could easily be adapted to answer the question.
Unpack the Question:
Fully explain how natural factors contribute to the differing levels of development in
the case study areas you have identified. Use detailed evidence to support your
answer.
ACHIEVED
MERIT
EXCELLENCE
TWO natural factors are
identified.
TWO natural factors are
identified.
TWO natural factors are
identified.
Each factor is explained
for each case study as to
how this has caused a
difference in
development
Each factor is explained
for each case study
showing some depth
(may be in one) as to
how this has caused a
difference in
development
Each factor is explained
for each case study in
good depth as to how
this has caused a
difference in
development
Some case study
evidence to link to an
environment is provided
Case study evidence to
link to an environment is
provided (names,
statistics or dates)
Several references to a
case study (names, dates
and/or statistics) used
throughout.
Uses geographic
terminology and/or
concepts
Based on what you have learnt have a go at writing an Excellence answer to this
question.