Supplementary Table 1 DLA production from various waste products
Micro-organism
Raw
material
Optical
purity
Carbon
source
Lactic
acid
Yield
Yield
(g/l)
(g/g)
References
YP/S
Lactobacillus
Delbrueckii
Sugarcane 98.3%
Molasses
Sucrose
120
0.95
Calabia and
Tokiwa 2007
Lactobacillus
amylovorus ATCC
33620
Potato
30%
Starch
4.2
-
Linko and
Javanainen
1996
Lactobacillus
coryniformis ssp.
torquens ATCC
25600
Cellulose
100%
Cellulose 24
0.89
Yanez et al.
2003
Lactobacillus sp.
LMI8
Whey
with Corn
steep
liquor
98%
Lactose
52.3
-
Lima et al.
2010
Lactobacillus
delbrueckiiLD 0028
Rice
96.9%
Maltose
83.5
-
Lee 2007
Lactobacillus
delbrueckii Sp. lactis
ATCC 4797
CWP
98.2%
Lactose
24.3
0.49
Present
Study
References:
Calabia B P and Tokiwa Y (2007) Production of D-lactic acid from sugarcane molasses, sugarcane
juice and sugar beet juice by Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Biotechnol Lett 29:1329–1332
Linko Y Y, Javanainen P (1996) Simultaneous liquefaction, saccharification, and lactic acid
fermentation on barley starch, Enzyme Microb. Technol. 19,118–123.
Lima C J B, Coelho L F and Contiero J (2010) The Use of Response Surface Methodology in
Optimization of Lactic Acid Production: Focus on Medium Supplementation, Temperature and
pH Control. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 48 (2) 175–18.
Lee C W (2007) Production of D-Lactic Acid by Bacterial Fermentation of Rice, Fibers and
Polymers. Vol.8, No.6, 571-578.
Yáñez R, Moldes A B, Alonso J L, Parajó J C (2003) Production of D(–)-lactic acid from cellulose
by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using Lactobacillus coryniformis subsp.
torquens, Biotechnol. Lett. 25, 1161–1164.
Supplementary Table 2 Composition of SCWP and CWP
Component
SCWP
CWP
Lactose (g/l)
50
35.43
Protein(g/l)
5.3
5.21
Mg(mg/l)
36
101.2
P (mg/l)
-
9.64
K (mg/l)
Zn (µg/l)
Na(mg/l)
1300
210
260
1173
315.61
Ca (mg/l)
291
321
Fat (%)
0.2
0.193
Ash (g/l)
-
1.11
1
0,9
y = 1,3182x + 0,1298
R² = 0,9563
0,8
q DLA
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0
-0,1
0
-0,1
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
µ (h-1)
Supplementary Fig.1 Leudeking-Piret parameters for L. lactis in bioreactor experiment, α
and β values are 1.31 and 0.129 respectively. Higher value of α indicates DLA a
qDLA    
primary metabolite:
The Luedeking–Piret model was used to describe the DLA production,
where q DLA is specific DLA productivity (g DLA g-1DCW l-1), µ is specific growth rate (h1
), α is the growth-associated constant, and β is the non-growth-associated constant.
Experimentally determined biomass and DLA concentration values were employed to
estimate specific growth rate (using logistic model) and specific DLA production rate.
3,5
3
DLA (g/L)
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,5
0
CWP
CWP+AC
CWP+CH
Supplementary Fig.2 Comparative analysis of DLA production by L. lactis in 3 different
production media viz., WP, WP+AC, WP+CH under shaking incubation conditions.
All experiments were performed using 5 % v/v inoculum, at 37°C and 200 rpm.
Supplementation of casein hydrolysate with CWP was found to yield high titer DLA.