Key Stage 3 Science Book 3 Assessments
Our Health and the Effects of Drugs (Orange level)
Answers
1. Which of these explanations of why smokers are at increased risk of getting lung infections is false? [1
mark]
d)
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: knowledge
2. Which of the following statements about nicotine (smoking) and heroin addiction is false? [1 mark]
d)
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: knowledge
3. HIV attacks a person’s T-cells. Why are HIV sufferers more prone to infections from other microbes?
[1 mark]
b)
Difficulty level: difficult
Skill level: application
4. Cholera spreads in a similar way to typhoid. How can governments drastically reduce the spread of
cholera?
[1 mark]
c)
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: application
5. What is the optimum growth temperature for E.Coli and L.delbrueckii respectively? [1 mark]
d)
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: evaluation
© HarperCollinsPublishers 2014
Key Stage 3 Science Book 3 Assessments
6. Four red paper discs, A-D, were soaked in four different antibiotic solutions and placed on an agar
plate. The agar plate contained bacteria, grown from a swab taken from a door handle near an
operating theatre in a hospital. The grey area shows bacterial growth, while the white areas show no
growth.
Which is the most effective antibiotic against the bacteria cultured on this plate? [1 mark]
a)
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: evaluation
7. Match the names of drugs to their type and how they are obtained. [1 mark]
Caffeine
Stimulant; obtained legally over the
counter
LSD
Hallucinogen; obtained illegally
Diazepam (tranquilliser/muscle
relaxant)
Depressant; obtained legally by
prescription
Cocaine
Stimulant; obtained illegally
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: knowledge
8. Match the drinks to the units of alcohol. [1 mark]
50 ml of vodka (40 per cent ABV)
2.0 units
75 ml of coffee liquor (17 per cent ABV)
1.3 units
Pint of real ale (4 per cent ABV)
2.3 units
Pint lager (5.5 per cent ABV)
3.1 units
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: application
© HarperCollinsPublishers 2014
Key Stage 3 Science Book 3 Assessments
9. Why might it be difficult for doctors to treat someone who has taken illegal drugs? Choose three
answers.
[1 mark]
a), b), c)
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: knowledge
10. The bacteria that causes tuberculosis in the lungs causes inflammation and coughing. What cells
would you expect to present in much greater number than normal in the lungs? Choose two answers. [1
mark]
b), c)
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: application
11. Why is diabetes known as a non-infectious disease? What are its causes? [2 marks]
(the answer should contain two of the following)
1) It is a non-infectious disease as diabetes can’t be directly passed onto another person
2) Diabetes (type I) is caused by genetic factors
3) Diabetes (type II) can develop due to environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: knowledge
12. What kind of changes can occur in the bodies of drug addicts? Give two examples. [2 marks]
(the answer should contain two of the following)
1) Both physiological and emotional changes can occur in drug addicts; these vary depending on the
type of drug used
2) Physiological effects include: depressed or rapid breathing; slow or rapid heart rate; the brain can
show differences in structure and chemical production levels; the person’s memory, coordination
(motor skills) and decision making may all be affected
3) Emotional effects include: changes in mood (e.g. aggressive behaviour and/or depression and suicidal
thoughts); when on drugs, the person may exhibit hyperactivity, confidence or paranoia; when not on
drugs, addicts may experience a state of anxiety, stress and/or depression
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: knowledge
© HarperCollinsPublishers 2014
Key Stage 3 Science Book 3 Assessments
13. In some states in America, cannabis can be legally used as a medicine for conditions such as multiple
sclerosis. Suggest why the UK might not legalise cannabis for these purposes? [2 marks]
(the answer should contain two of the following)
1) The long term effects of cannabis are not well understood
2) There might be a fear that doctors will be tricked into giving cannabis to people who don’t need it or
just want it for recreation purposes
3) Because it is illegal, there are limited studies into its effectiveness as a medicine
4) Some people are fearful that it is a step closer to full legalisation
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: application
14. In the UK, as well as many European countries, smoking in public spaces is either banned or
restricted. Suggest why this was done and why some people believed it was wrong. [2 marks]
(the answer should contain two of the following)
1) The primary reason was to stop passive smoking and to protect the rights of non-smokers who did
not want to be subjected to unwanted and harmful smoke
2) It also helps to stop people – particularly children – seeing smoking as the ‘norm’
3) Some smokers claimed it marginalised them (made them socially unacceptable) and removed their
freedom to choose
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: application
© HarperCollinsPublishers 2014
Key Stage 3 Science Book 3 Assessments
15. A group of students wanted to find out which disinfectant killed the most bacteria on their
toothbrushes. They gathered data from disinfecting toothbrushes that had been used for one, seven or
28 days, using Disinfectol or hydrogen peroxide at increasing percentages. They displayed their results in
a chart.
Which would be the best disinfectant to use? Why did the students use a control? [2 marks]
(the answer should contain two of the following)
1) The most successful disinfectant for killing bacteria was 3 per cent and 4 per cent hydrogen peroxide.
2) 3per cent hydrogen peroxide would be the best to use, as there is no increased benefit from using a
stronger solution
3) The control allows for a comparison to see how successful the disinfectants are (and if they are
necessary at all); it is also used to see there is no other unforeseen effect from another variable
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: evaluation
© HarperCollinsPublishers 2014
Key Stage 3 Science Book 3 Assessments
16. Four red paper discs, A-D, were soaked in four different antibiotic solutions: Disc B was soaked in
methicillin and A, C and D in some other kinds of antibiotic solutions. They were then placed on an agar
plate.
The agar plate contained bacteria, grown from a swab taken from a patient who had developed an
infection after surgery. The grey area shows bacterial growth, while the white areas show no growth.
Why should the hospital be concerned about the results? [2 marks]
(the answer should contain two of the following)
1) The antibiotics are not very effective – bacteria around B and C have not been affected/killed by the
antibiotic, and there is only a small inhibition of growth around A and D
2) The bacteria is resistant to B and C and possibly generating a resistance to A and D
3) This is a concern to the hospital, because these antibiotics will not be of any use to the surgery
patient as they will not treat the infection
4) If it is a vigorous strain of bacteria then it might kill people as it is more likely to be able to spread
without any means of controlling it
5) The bacteria might be a ‘superbug’ such as MRSA (note: there are different kinds of MRSA and they
are not universally resistant to all antibiotics and not necessarily more virulent that other forms of
Staphylococcus aureus)
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: evaluation
17. What are the similarities and differences between bacteria, viruses and fungi cells? [4 marks]
(the answer should contain four of the following)
1) They all contain genetic material
2) They all separate themselves from their environment
3) Bacteria have cell walls
4) Fungi have a dedicated nucleus
5) Viruses do not have any cell parts/structures
6) Fungi contain a vacuole
7) Bacteria have pili or flagella
8) Viruses are often classed as not living as they can’t reproduce on their own
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: knowledge
© HarperCollinsPublishers 2014
Key Stage 3 Science Book 3 Assessments
18. Claims that the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine was linked to autism have led to a
decrease in the number of children vaccinated against these diseases. More recently it was shown that
there is no link between the MMR vaccine and autism. Explain why, even though the number of
children vaccinated with the MMR vaccine is rising, the number of children getting these diseases is still
rising? [4 marks]
(the answer should contain four of the following)
1) If you are not vaccinated you are not protected against the disease
2) A vaccination program is usually only successful at controlling a disease if a high number are
vaccinated
(about 95 per cent)
3) If the number vaccinated is lower than this 95 per cent, then the diseases are still likely to spread
4) The more people who get the vaccination, the more protection society in general will have
5) However, not everybody needs to take it – if a high enough percentage does, this will usually stop
outbreaks and therefore the disease will be less likely to spread, even for the people who haven’t been
vaccinated
Difficulty level: moderate
Skill level: application
© HarperCollinsPublishers 2014