The Molecules Around Me
Klerly Peralta
Period: 5
Product Information:
Name: Centrum Multivitamin/Multimineral Supplement
Description: Vitamins that supplements you with essential nutrients.
Ingridients: Calcium Carbonate, Potassium Chloride, Dibasic Calcium Phosphate,
Magnesium Oxide, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C), Ferrous
Fumarate (Iron), Pregelatinized Corn Starch, D Alpha Tocopherol Acetate
(Vitamin E), Contains < 2% of: Acacia, Beta Carotene (Vitamin A), BHT, Biotin
(Vitamin H), Boric Acid, Calcium Pantothenate, Calcium Stearate, Cholecalciferol
(Vitamin D3), Chromium Picolinate, Citric Acid, Cornstarch, Crospovidone, Cupric
Sulfate, Cyanocobalamin, FD&C Yellow 6 Aluminum Lake, Folic Acid (Folate)
Vitamin B12, Gelatin, Hydrogenated Palm Oil, Hypromellose, Manganese Sulfate,
Medium Chain Triglyceride, Modified Food Starch, Niacinamide, Nickelous
Sulfate, Phytonadione (Vitamin K1), Polyethylene Glycol, Polyvinyl Alcohol,
Potassium Iodide, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), Silicon
Dioxide, Sodium Ascorbate (Vitamin C), Sodium Benzoate, Sodium Citrate,
Sodium Metavanadate, Sodium Molybdate, Sodium Selenate, Sorbic Acid (A
Preservative), Stannous Chloride, Sucrose (Sugar), Talc, Thiamine Monohydrate (Vitamin B1), Titanium Dioxide, Tocopherol (Natural
Vitamin E), Tribasic Calcium Phosphate, Vitamin A Acetate (Vitamin A), Zinc Oxide, May also contain:, Ascorbyl Palmitate (Vitamin C),
Maltodextrin, Sodium Aluminosilicate, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Oil
Compound Information:
Compound 1 – Calcium Carbonate (Active Ingredient)
Molecular Formula: CaCO3
Organic because it contains Carbon.
Summary: Calcium Carbonate is usually found in rocks. It is the main
component of snails, pearls, eggshells. Usually it is used as a calcium
supplement or as an antacid. Known severe side effects, rash, hives, itching,
difficulty breathing, tightness in the chest, swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or
tongue, confusion, increased urination, loss of appetite, mental or mood
changes, nausea, severe or persistent constipation or stomach pain, weakness, vomiting.
Compound 2 – Potassium Chloride
Molecular Formula: KCl
Inorganic
Summary: Potassium Chloride is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and
chlorine, it is odorless and has a white or colorless and it has a crystal like
appearance. It is used in medicine, and food processing. Potassium is vital in the
human body. It can also be used as a salt substitute for food. Medically, it is used
in the treatment of hypokalemia and associated conditions as an electrolyte
replenisher. Side effects can include gastrointestinal discomfort including nausea
and vomiting, diarrhea and bleeding of the digestive tract. Overdoses cause
hyperkalemia, which can lead to paresthesia, cardiac conduction blocks,
fibrillation, arrhythmias, and sclerosis.
The Molecules Around Me
Klerly Peralta
Period: 5
Compound 3 – Magnesium Oxide
Molecular formula: MgO
Inorganic
Summary: Magnesium Oxide is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally
as periclase. It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg2+ ions
and O2− ions held together by ionic bonds. Magnesium oxide is produced by the
calcination of magnesium carbonate or magnesium hydroxide or by the treatment of
magnesium chloride with lime followed by heat. In medicine, magnesium oxide is used
for relief of heartburn and sore stomach, as an antacid, magnesium supplement, and
as a short-term laxative. It is also used to improve symptoms of indigestion. In
medicine, magnesium oxide is used for relief of heartburn and sore stomach, as an
antacid, magnesium supplement, and as a short-term laxative. It is also used to
improve symptoms of indigestion. Side effects of magnesium oxide may include
nausea and cramping.
Compound 4 – Ascorbic Acid
Molecular formula: C6H8O6 (Vitamin C)
organic compound with antioxidant properties.
Summary: Ascorbic Acid is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish. It
dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions. Chemically, It may be
synthesized artificially. Ascorbic acid is classed as a reductone. Ascorbic acid and its
sodium, potassium, and calcium salts are commonly used as antioxidant food
additives.
Compound 5 – Potassium Iodide
Molecular formula: Kl
Inorganic
Summary: Potassium Iodide absorbs water less readily than sodium iodide. Potassium
iodide occurs naturally in Kelp. Medicinally used for thyroid blockade, thyroid storm and
also as an expectorant. Older and impure samples are yellow because of the slow
oxidation of the salt to potassium carbonate and elemental iodine.
The Molecules Around Me
Klerly Peralta
Period: 5
Product Information:
Name: Diet Pepsi
Description: Carbonated drink with artificial flavors.
Ingredients: Carbonated Water, Caramel Color, Aspartame, Phosphoric Acid, Potassium Benzoate,
Caffeine, Citric Acid, Natural Flavor, Acesulfame Potassium, Phenylketonurks: contains Phenylalanine.
Compound Information:
Compound 1 – Aspartame
Molecular Formula: C14H18N2O5
Inorganic
Summary: Aspartame is used as a sugar substitute in some foods and beverages. Aspartame
is known to breakdown products including phenylalanine; it must be avoided by people with the
genetic condition phenylketonuria. Under strongly acidic or alkaline conditions, aspartame may
generate methanol by hydrolysis.
Compound 2 - Phosphoric Acid
Molecular Formula: H3PO4
Inorganic
Summary: Phosphoric Acid has a wide variety of uses, including as a rust inhibitor,
food additive, dental and orthopedic etchant, electrolyte, flux, dispersing agent,
industrial etchant, fertilizer feedstock, and component of home cleaning products.
Phosphoric acid is used in dentistry and orthodontics as an etching solution, to clean
roughen the surfaces of teeth where dental appliances or fillings will be placed.
Compound 3 - Caffeine
Molecular Formula: C8H10N4O2
Organic because it contains Carbon.
Summary: Caffeine is found in varying quantities in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some plants.
Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant, temporarily getting rid of drowsiness, making
you alert. It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.
and
The Molecules Around Me
Klerly Peralta
Period: 5
Compound 4 – Acesulfame Potassium
Molecular Formula: C4H4KNO4S
Organic because it contains Carbon.
Summary: Acesulfame Potassium is a calorie-free sugar substitute It is a white
crystalline powder with molecular formula. It is stable under heat, even
under moderately acidic or basic conditions, allowing it to be used in
baking.
Compound 5 – Citric Acid
Molecular Formula: C6H8O7
Organic because it contains Carbon
Summary:
The Molecules Around Me
Klerly Peralta
Period: 5
Citations
"Calcium carbonate Side Effects." <i>in Detail</i>. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2013. &lt;http://www.drugs.com/sfx/calcium-carbonate-sideeffects.html&gt;.
"Calcium carbonate." <i>Wikipedia</i>. Wikimedia Foundation, 25 Oct. 2013. Web. 26 Oct. 2013.
&lt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_carbonate&gt;.
"Potassium chloride." <i>Wikipedia</i>. Wikimedia Foundation, 25 Oct. 2013. Web. 26 Oct. 2013.
&lt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_chloride&gt;.
"Magnesium oxide." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Oct. 2013. Web. 26 Oct. 2013.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_oxide>.
"Ascorbic acid." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 25 Oct. 2013. Web. 26 Oct. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascorbic_acid>.
"Potassium iodide." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Oct. 2013. Web. 29 Oct. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_iodide
. "Aspartame." ChemSpider. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Oct. 2013. <http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.118630.html>.
"Aspartame." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 29 Oct. 2013. Web. 29 O
"Phosphoric acid." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Oct. 2013. Web. 29 Oct. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoric_acid>.
ct. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartame>.
"Caffeine." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 29 Oct. 2013. Web. 29 Oct. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine>.