Is present in the chlorophyll molecule
Magnesium
Is found in DNA and ATP
Phosphorus
Is needed for amino acid synthesis
Nitrogen
Is important in membrane transport
Potassium
Which ones if deficient will reduce the overall growth of the plant?
ALL
Which ones if deficient will produce chlorotic leaves?
Magnesium Nitrogen
Which ones if deficient will produce Red leaf bases?
NitRogen and PhosphoRus (the R rule)
List 3 ways iron is important to animals?
To make haemoglobin (Red blood cells)
To make some enzymes
To make cytochromes for the cytochrome system (crista / respiration)
Calcium is needed to make 3 structures in animals ie an essential
component of;
To make bones
Teeth
Invertebrate shells
List the other function of calcium
In mammals it is needed to clot the blood
For muscle contraction
List the effect of lead on the body
Inhibits some enzymes
lead poison affects the brain of young children
Explain the link between Vitamin D and Calcium
Vitamin D is required to promote the uptake of calcium from the small
intestine to the blood and also into the bone.
What type of condition can occur if a person is deficient in Vitamin D?
Rickets – this produces soft abnormal bones which bend due to a
deficiency in Vitamin D which means poor absorption of calcium from the
small intestine
Drugs can also effect the growth and development of the foetus.
Describe the effects of the following drugs.
Alcohol
retard the growth and mental development in a fetus
Nicotine
retard the growth and mental development in a fetus
Thalidomide
causes limb deformation in the fetus
Effect of light on plant growth and development
What happens to the growth of a vegetative shoots if kept in
the dark?
The vegetative shoot etiolates- small yellow leaves and long
internodes – tall and weak.
What is this called?
Etiolation
What other effect can light have on a vegetative shoot?
Phototropism – shoots grow towards unidirectional light source
due to an uneven distribution of IAA.
The length of light can also determine when a plant flowers.
What is this effect of light called?
Photoperiodism
When will short day plants flower?
When the length of light has reached a critical length or
shorter.
When will long day plants flower?
When the length of light has reached a critical length of light
or longer.
The length of light can also affect animals.
What is this effect called?
Photoperiodism
What can it effect?
The breeding time of animals
Long day breeders are animals that breed when the length of
day light is getting longer ie spring
Short day breeders are animals that start to breed when the
length of day light is getting shorter ie autumn
What is the significance of this ie how does it help the
animals
It allows the young to born at a time with suitable conditions
to survive ie temperature and food supply