Legends to Supporting Figures Figure S1. Inheritance of spectinomyinc resistance in a self-cross of a RpoA:HA line To demonstrate homoplastomy of transformed lines, plants were grown under selective conditions. No bleached seedlings were found among > 1000 seedlings investigated. As control, wt seedlings were also germinated on selective medium, which resulted in exclusively white seedlings. Figure S2. Verification of DNase I treatment of membrane fractions by agarose gel electrophoresis and PCR (a) DNaseI activity was verified by extracting the DNA from insoluble membrane and supernatant after DNaseI treatment and analyzing it by agarose gel electrophoresis. Signal for DNA only occurs in the untreated membrane samples. (b) Validation of the success of DNase I treatment by PCR analysis on DNA extracted from supernatant and insoluble membranes. A 376 bp psbA fragment was amplified from preparations of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA 1), but not from the DNase I treated samples, indicating successful DNA degradation. Figure S3. Immunoprecipitation of tagged RpoA during light and dark periods Chloroplasts were isolated from plants grown under standard conditions and from darkadapted plants, respectively. RpoA:HA was immunoprecipitated from the solubilized membrane extracts. For immunological detection, 1/10 volume of the input, 1/25 volume of the supernatant and 1/10 volume of the pellet fractions from transplastomic and wt plants were analyzed. P, pellet; S, supernatant; HC, heavy chain of the HA- 1 antibody; LC, light chain of the HA-antibody. Ponceau S staining of the same membrane is shown as a loading control. Figure S4. Identification of DNA fragments associated with HA-tagged RpoA in membranes of chloroplasts by ChIP-on-chip analysis Identification of DNA fragments associated with HA-tagged RpoA in membranes of chloroplasts by ChIP-on-Chip analysis. Enrichment ratios of DNAs from the light IPs described in figure 5 are divided by the ratios from the dark IPs, also shown in figure 5, and plotted against their genome position. Figure S5. Fragment length of sheared DNA after sonication Chloroplast membranes were extracted, treated with NP-40 and sonicated as described in Experimental Procedures. DNA was isolated, RNA contaminants were RNaseA digested and seperated on an agarose gel. Table S1. List of Primers used in the present study Table S2. Top 25 hits of ChIP-on-chip data from light and dark experiments Table S3. ChIP-on-Chip data for Figure 5 and Figure S4 2