Cardiovascular Unit Packet
COMMON MEDICAL ABBREVIATION (will also need know chart from med terms unit)
ADL
meds
medication
am
Morning
MI
Myocardial infarction
BLS
Basic life support
NKA
bpm
NPO
B/P, BP
OR
CCU
preop
Before surgery
CHD
postop
After surgery
CHF
RR
CXR
stat
DOB
TIA
Dx
TV
ECG/ EKG
unc.
Unconscious
Etiol
vit
vitamin
inj
injection
w/c
wheelchair
WORD PARTS
ErythroLeukTachycyte
-ary, -ic, ac
Hem/o, hemat/o
-itis
malacia
Sclerosis
Diastole/o
-verse, -version
Hepat/o
Arter/o
Ather/o
Atri/o
Cardi/o, card/o
Valv
Phleb/o
Lysis
-osis
-stenosis
Systol/o
-ion
Circulat/o
UNIT VOCABULARY
aneurysm
Atherosclerosis
arteriostenosis
Blood pressure
Cardioversion
Contract
Coronary
diastolic
Hepatic circulation
Infarction
Pulmonary
circulation
Rate
Stethoscope
Systemic circulation
Systolic
Vessel
blood vessel that bulges because of a weakness in the wall
The force of the blood against the walls of the arteries
Restoration of normal heart rhythm by electric shock
Shorten, reduce in size
An area of tissue death (necrosis) caused by loss of oxygen as a result of obstruction
Expression of speed or frequency of an event in relation to a specified amount of time, number
of contraction of the heart per minute
Instrument used to listen to body sounds such as the heart beat
Tubule in the body that carries fluid
PATH OF BLOOD THROUGH THE HEART: BLOOD FLOW
2.
3.
5.
4.
6.
7.
12.
10.
11.
9
BLOOD FLOW COLORING: 1’s are veins, 2’s are arteries
Blood Flow
A. Vessels
o Arteries carry blood
_____________________________________

Largest =

Heart muscle contractions pump blood
through arteries
o
Veins carry blood
_____________________________________

Largest =

Valves prevent blood from flowing back

________________ muscle contractions
move blood through veins
B. Valves
o
Control blood flow
o
Valve between the Left atrium and Left ventricle =
__________________
o
Valve between the Right atrium and Right
ventricle = ________________
Heart circulation:
- pulmonary:
-
systemic:
-
coronary:
o
Pulmonary and aortic valves
____________________________________
Structures:
- Heart
-
o
_____________ beats/minute
o
_____________ beats/day
o
_____________ average lifetime
o
circulates about ______________ of blood
Functions:
-
Blood vessels
Heart:
- ________ sided double pump
-
Is about the size of your ______________________
-
Lies in the _________________________ cavity between the _______________
Heart Tissue:
- ____________________________ : smooth membranous lining inside the heart
-
____________________________ : thickest layer, muscle tissue. contractile.
-
____________________________ : outer most layer in the pericardium.
-
____________________________ : a protective sac that covers outside of heart
Parts of the Heart:
- Divided into _____________________________________________________
-
______ chambers in each side. Total of _________ chambers.
-
__________________: top, where blood enters
-
__________________: bottom, where blood leaves
-
Left and Rights sides separated by a partition called a ______________________
Cardiac Conduction System: pg. 808
- Electrical impulses produce a wave that can be recorded on the ______________________
-
Consists of;
1.
_______________________________________________
2.
3.
4.
5.
o
Located in the ____________________________
o
Is a natural _______________________________
o
Fires at a rate of ______________ to ______________ per minute.
o
__________________ starts in the SA node.
______________________________________________
o
Located in the ____________________________
o
_____________________ the electrical impulse
o
Fires at a rate of _________________ to ____________________ per minute.
_____________________________________________
o
Located ________________________________
o
Transfers ______________________________
__________________________________________
o
Located _________________________________
o
Act as a _______________________ or _____________________________ in the road
o
Impulses in bundle branch _________________
____________________________________________
o
Provide ___________________________________
o
Activate _____________________________ causing ______________________ to contract
HEART SOUNDS:
LUBB SOUND
o Heard
o Mitral
- DUPP SOUND
o Heard
o Shorter and higher pitched
o Closing of the
- MURMURS
o
BLOOD PRESSURE:
Systolic =
- Diastolic =
- Normal BP =
o Healthy systolic is less than
o Healthy diastolic should be less than
HEALTH CONCERNS/ASSESSMENTS/RISK FACTORS
http://www.medicinenet.com/heart_disease_pictures_slideshow_visual_guide/article.htm
HEART DISEASE
WHAT IS A HEART ATTACK
CORONARY ARTERY
DISEASE SIGNS
SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH
CARDIOMYOPATHY
(CONGESTIVE) HEART
FAILURE
Problems that can compromise heart functions, _______________________
__________________________________Examples include coronary artery disease,
heart failure, arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathy
Occurs when a ______________________________________ resulting in loss of the
blood supply to heart tissue. More than ______________ individuals have a heart
attack each year in the U.S
Symptoms:
- Chest pain, may spread to back, arms, neck and jaw
- Nausea, vomiting
- Weakness, anxiety, indigestion, heartburn
Symptoms in Women:
May differ from men
o
Occurs when _______________________ or partially obstructs coronary arteries and
can result in ___________________________.
Reduced blood flow may cause _______________________ (angina)
Occurs when the heart’s ______________________________ become erratic and cause
the heart muscle to ____________________________ irregularly which results in the
inability of the heart to pump blood.
Arrhythmia: erratic heart beat:
Irregular electrical impulses can alter,_______________________________
_________________________________________________________
A disease that causes changes in the heart muscle that reduce the heart’s __________
____________________________________________
Over time the heart’s pumping action cannot meet or fails the ____________________
________________________________________________
Ex: They have difficulty climbing stairs.
CONGENITAL HEART
DEFECT
TESTING
TREATMENT
A defect in the development of the heart as an organ that _________________
__________________________although some are not found until adulthood.
Electrocardiogram (EKG):
Measures
Stress test:
Measures the ability of a person’s heart
to___________________________________________________Measurement
of the heart’s electrical activity is recorded as exercise is gradually increased on
a treadmill.
Holter Monitor:
- It is worn for 1 or 2 days and provide _______________________________
Chest X ray:
- Used to provide the doctor with a view _____________________________ to
determine if abnormalities are present
Echocardiogram:
- A real time moving picture of a heart made by using __________________
(ultrasound)
Cardiac CT:
Detailed 3-D images of the heart. Used to look for ____________________
Catheterization
A thin tube is placed in a blood vessel in ________________ and threaded into
the heart. Dye is used to show blockage of the artery.
Medicine: may reduce the signs and symptoms
Angioplasty:
- A thin tube is placed in a __________________________________________
RISK
Bypass Surgery
Occurs when a surgeon removes __________________ from one part of the
body and uses it to connect one open part of a coronary artery to another open
party bypassing the area that ____________________________
Men have _____________________________ heart disease is the number one killer of
both sexes. People with family history, ________________________________
Smoking increases a person’s risk for heart disease _______________________ greater
than non-smokers
OTHER HEALTH CONCERNS: PG 188-91
DISORDER
ETIOLOGY
HYPERTENSION
STROKE
S/S
TX