Curriculum Vitae
July 2012
LARRY L. JACOBY
Business Address
Home Address
Department of Psychology
Campus Box 1125
Washington University
One Brookings Drive
St. Louis, MO 63130-4899
Phone: (314) 935-4115
Fax: (314) 935-7588
E-mail: lljacoby@artsci. wustl. edu
6911 Waterman Ave.
University City, MO, 63130-4333
EDUCATION
 B. A.
1966 Washburn University, Topeka, KS
 M. A.
1968 Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL
 Ph. D.
1970 Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL
 fMRI, Advanced Training Institute, 2002, American Psychological Association
PROFESSIONAL HISTORY
Employment
 1970 - 1973
Assistant Professor, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
 1973 - 1974
Research Associate, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
 1974 - 1975
Associate Professor, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
 1975 - 1982
Associate Professor, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
 1982 - 1983
Professor, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
 1983 - 1999
Professor, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
 1994 - 1995
Wechsler Chair, The University of Texas, Austin, TX
 1997 - 1999
Professor, New York University, New York, NY
 2000 - present
Professor, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
Recent Invited Lectures and Colloquia
University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, 2011
University of Dallas, Richardson, TX, 2010 and 2011
University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal, 2010
CURRENT GRANT SUPPORT
James S. McDonnell Foundation
9/1/08-9/1/13 5% Effort/No Salary
220020166 (H. L. Roediger, PI)
$6,492,617
Applying Cognitive Psychology to Enhance Educational Practice: II
The goal is to use basic research on cognitive psychology (e. g., memory principles such as
spacing, testing, and levels of processing) to inform educational practice.
Role: Co Investigator
1R0101AG028419
5/15/07 -3/31/2012
0% Effort/No Salary
NIH
$247,632
Collaborator
Principal Investigator: Randy Larsen
Emotional Aging: Presence of Function in the Elderly and Alzheimer Patients
The goal is to examine changes in emotion via a variety of tasks, including those of a cognitive
nature in both older adults and individuals with dementia.
2 R01 MH066078 12/01/08-12/19/12 8% Effort
NIMH $225,000 Co-Investigator
Principal Investigator: Todd Braver
Dual Mechanisms of Cognitive Control
Tests the hypothesis that cognitive control can be achieved via multiple mechanisms through an
integrated approach involving behavioral and neuroimaging studies, different populations
and individual differences.
RECENT GRANT SUPPORT
#2005356
10/1/2006-9/30/2010
BSF (United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation)
Principal Investigator: Goldsmith, Morris, Principal Investigator: Larry Jacoby Quality Control
in Memory Retrieval and Reporting:
The goal is to examine both accuracy of memory and metacognition (one’s knowledge about
how memory works as well as how well one is performing on a memory task) as a function
of a variety of variables such as the presence of interference and practice.
2 RO1 AG 13845-07 (Jacoby, PI)
6/1/02-5/31/08
NIA/NIH
Age Effects in Attention and Memory – Process Dissociation
The major goals of this project are to explore conscious and unconscious processes in healthy
older adults within the process dissociation model of memory performance.
1 RO1 NS046424 (Petersen, PI)
7/1/03-6/30/08 Collaborator
NIH/NINDS
The Study of Task Level Control Signals using fMRI
P50 AG05681-20 (Pilot 20. 2). (Zacks PI) 6/1/03-5/31/04.
NIH/NIA
Event perception in healthy aging and mild dementia of the Alzheimer’s type
SERVICE - PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ETC.
Governing Board of the Psychonomic Society 1993-1998
Member of the Society of Experimental Psychologists
Member of Society of Experimental Social Psychology
Associate Editor, Journal of Memory and Language, Jan. 2001- June 2002
Editorial Board:
 Consciousness and Cognition
 Journal of Memory and Language
 Book Series: Implicit Cognition and Consciousness
Prior Editorial Boards
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory & Cognition
Memory & Cognition
Psychological Review
Psychology Bulletin & Review
COURSES TAUGHT
Undergraduate: Developmental, Cognition, History of Psychology, Social, Neuropsychology,
and Neuropsychology of Aging, Judgment and Decision Making
Graduate: Seminars in Cognition on topics such as memory, aging, and cognitive control.
PUBLICATIONS
Submitted
Jacoby, L. L., & Wahlheim, C. N. (2012). Memory for change: The role of recursive remindings
in list discrimination (source memory). Manuscript submitted for publication.
Tauber, S. K., Dunlosky, J., Rawson, K. A., Wahlheim, C. N., & Jacoby, L. L. (2012). Selfregulated learning of a natural category: Do people interleave or block exemplars during
study? Manuscript submitted for publication.
Wahlheim, C. N., Maddox, G. B., & Jacoby, L. L. (2012). Effects of increasing the lag of
repetitions: The importance of looking back. Manuscript submitted for publication.
Wahlheim, C. N., & Jacoby, L. L. (2012). Remembering change: The critical role of recursive
remindings in proactive effects of memory. Manuscript submitted for publication.
2012
Halamish, V., Goldsmith, M., & Jacoby, L. L. (2012). Source-constrained recall: Front-end and
back end control of retrieval quality. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning,
Memory, and Cognition, 38, 1-15.
Jacoby, L. L., Rogers, C., Bishara, A., & Shimizu, Y. (2012). Mistaking the recent past for the
present. Psychology & Aging, 27, 22-32.
Kirchhoff, B. A., Anderson, B. A., Barch, D. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (2012). Cognitive and neural
effects of semantic encoding strategy training in older adults. Cerebral Cortex, 22, 788-799.
Kirchhoff, B. A., Anderson, B. A., Smith, S. E., Barch, D. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (in press).
Cognitive training-related changes in hippocampal activity with recollection in older adults.
NeuroImage.
Rogers, C. S., Jacoby, L. L. & Sommers, M. (2012). Frequent false hearing by older adults: The
role of age differences in metacognition. Psychology & Aging, 27, 33-45.
Thomas, R. C., & Jacoby, L. L. (2012). Diminishing adult egocentrism when estimating what
others know. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. doi:
10.1037/a002888.
Wahlheim, C. N., Finn, B., & Jacoby, L. L. (2012). Metacognitive judgments of repetition and
variability effects in natural concept learning: Evidence for variability neglect. Memory &
Cognition. 40, 703-716.
Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (2012). The process-dissociation approach two decades later:
Convergence, boundary conditions, and new directions. Memory & Cognition, 40, 663680.
2011
Anderson, B. A., Jacoby, L. L., Thomas, R. C., & Balota, D. A. (2011). The effects of age and
divided attention on spontaneous recognition. Memory & Cognition, 39, 725-735.
Bugg, J. M., Jacoby, L. L., & Chanani, S. (2011). Why it is too early to lose control in accounts
of item-specific proportion congruency effects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human
Perception and Performance, 37, 844-859.
Coane, J. H., Balota, D. A., Dolan, P. O., & Jacoby, L. L. (2011). Not all sources of familiarity
are created equal: The case of word frequency and repetition in recognition memory
performance. Memory & Cognition, 39, 791-805.
Walhheim, C. N., Dunlosky, J., & Jacoby, L. L. (2011). Spacing enhances the learning of natural
concepts: An investigation of mechanisms, metacognition, and aging. Memory &
Cognition, 39, 750-763.
Wahlheim, C. N., & Jacoby, L. L. (2011). Experience with proactive interference diminishes its
effects: Mechanisms of change. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory,
and Cognition, 39, 185-195.
2010
Jacoby, L. L., Wahlheim, C. N., & Coane, J. H. (2010). Test-enhanced learning of natural
concepts: Effects on recognition memory, classification, and metacognition. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36, 1441-1451.
Jacoby, L. L., Wahlheim, C. N., Rhodes, M. G., Daniels, K. A., & Rogers, C. S. (2010).
Learning to diminish the effects of proactive interference: Reducing false memory for young
and older adults. Memory & Cognition, 38, 819-828.
Parks, C. M., DeCarli, C., Jacoby, L. L., & Yonelinas, A. P. (2010). Aging effects on
recollection and familiarity: The role of white matter hyperintensities. Aging,
Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 17, 422-438.
Tse, C. S., Balota, D. A., Moynan, S. C., Duchek, J. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (2010). The utility of
placing recollection in opposition to familiarity in early discrimination of healthy aging and
very mild dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. Neuropsychology. 24, 49-67.
2009
Jacoby, L. L. (2009). Memory, process-dissociation procedure. In T. Bayne, A. Cleeremans & P.
Wilken (Eds.), The Oxford Companion to Consciousness (pp. 430-432). London: Oxford
University Press.
Lambert, A. J., & Jacoby, L. L. (2009). How does collective memory create a sense of the
collective? In P. Boyer & J. V. Wertsch (Eds.), Memory in Mind and Culture (pp. 194-232).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2008
Anderson, B. A., & Jacoby, L. L. (2008, April). Age differences in the benefits of training with
interference and feedback on a category interference task. Poster presented at the biannual
Cognitive Aging Conference, Atlanta, GA.
Bishara, A. J. & Jacoby, L. L. (2008). Aging, spaced retrieval and inflexible memory
performance. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 15, 52-57.
Bugg, J. M., Jacoby, L. L., & Chanani, S. (2008, November). The item-specific proportion
congruence effect: More than contingency learning? Poster presented at the annual meeting
of the Psychonomic Society, Chicago, IL.
Bugg, J. M., Jacoby, L. L., & Toth, J. (2008). Multiple levels of control in the Stroop task.
Memory & Cognition, 36, 1484-1494.
Coane, J. H., Hughes, A. D., & Jacoby, L. L. (2008, April). Aging is for the birds: Learning of
complex categories. Poster presented at the biannual Cognitive Aging Conference, Atlanta,
GA.
Halamish, V., Goldsmith, M., & Jacoby, L. L. (2008, April). Source constrained recall: Strategic
control of retrieval quality. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic
Society, Chicago, IL.
McDaniel, M. A., Einstein, G. O., & Jacoby, L. L. (2008). New considerations in aging and
memory: The glass may be half full. In F. I. M. Craik & T. A. Salthouse (Eds.), Handbook of
Aging and Cognition (pp. 251-310). New York: Psychology Press.
Rhodes, M. G., Castel, A. D., & Jacoby, L. L. (2008). Associative recognition of face pairs by
younger and older adults: A global associative memory impairment (but greater in old age)?
Psychology and Aging, 23, 239-249.
Rogers, C. S., Jacoby, L. L., & Sommers, M. S. (2008, April). Hearing what isn’t there: Age
and context in the subjective experience of audition. Poster presented at the biannual
Cognitive Aging Conference, Atlanta, GA.
Tse, C. S., Balota, D. A., Moynan, S. C., Duchek, J. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (2008 April). The
utility of placing recollection in opposition to familiarity in early discrimination of healthy
aging and very mild dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (DAT). Poster presented at the
biannual Cognitive Aging Conference, Atlanta, GA.
Wahlheim, C. N., & Jacoby, L. L. (2008, April). Age differences in probabilistic retroactive
interference. Poster presented at the biannual Cognitive Aging Conference, Atlanta, GA.
2007
Jacoby, L. L., Bishara, A. J., Hessels, S., & Hughes, A. (2007). Probabilistic retroactive
interference: The role of accessibility bias in interference effects. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: General, 136, 200-216.
Rhodes, M. G., & Jacoby, L. L. (2007). Toward analyzing cognitive illusions: Past, present and
future. In J. S. Nairne (Ed.), The foundations of remembering: Essays in honor of Henry L.
Roediger III (pp. 379-394). New York: Psychology Press.
Rhodes, M. G., & Jacoby, L. L. (2007). On the dynamic nature of response criterion in
recognition memory: Effects of base rate, awareness, and feedback. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33, 305-320.
Schacter, D. L., Dawes. R., Jacoby, L. L., Kahneman, D., Lempert, R., Roediger, H. L., &
Robertson, R. (2007). Policy forum: Studying eyewitness investigations in the field. Law and
Human Behavior, 32, 3-5.
Velanova, K., Lustig, C., Jacoby, L. L., & Buckner, R. L. (2007). Evidence for frontallymediated controlled processing differences in older adults. Cerebral Cortex, 17, 1033-1046.
2006
Daniels, K. A., Toth, J. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (2006). The aging of executive functions. In F. I. M.
Craik & E. Bialystok (Eds.), Lifespan cognition: Mechanisms of change (pp. 9-11).
London: Oxford University Press.
Dockree, P. M., O’Keeffe, F. M., Moloney, P., Bishara, A. J., Carton, S., Jacoby, L. L., &
Robertson, I. H. (2006). Capture by misleading information and its false acceptance in
patients with traumatic brain injury. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 129, 128-140.
Jacoby, L. L., & Rhodes, M. G. (2006). False remembering in the aged. Current Directions in
Psychological Science, 15, 49-53.
Payne, B. K., & Jacoby, L. L. (2006). What should a process model deliver? Psychological
Inquiry, 17, 194-198.
Zacks, J. M., Speer, N. K., Vettel, J. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (2006). Event understanding and
memory in healthy aging and dementia of the Alzhheimer type. Psychology and Aging, 21,
466-482.
2005
Jacoby, L. L., Bishara, A. J., Hessels, S., & Toth, J. P. (2005). Aging, subjective experience and
cognitive control: Dramatic false remembering by older adults. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: General 134, 131-148.
Jacoby, L. L., Shimizu, Y., Daniels, K. A. & Rhodes, M. (2005). Modes of cognitive control in
recognition and source memory: Depth of retrieval. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 12,
852-857.
Jacoby, L. L., Shimizu, Y. Velanova, K., & Rhodes, M. (2005). Age differences in depth of
retrieval: Memory for foils. Journal of Memory and Learning, 52, 493-504.
Jones, T. C., & Jacoby, L. L. (2005). Conjunction errors in recognition memory: Modality-free
errors for older adults but not for young adults. Acta Psychogia, 120, 55-73.
Payne, B. K., Shimizu, Y., & Jacoby, L. L. (2005). Mental control and visual illusions:
Explaining race-biased weapon misidentification. Journal of Experimental Social
Psychology, 41, 36-47.
Shimizu, Y., & Jacoby, L. L. (2005). Similarity-guided, depth of retrieval: Constraining at the
front end. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59, 17-21.
Zacks, J. M., Speer, N. K., Vettel, J. M., Jacoby, L. L., & Storandt, M. (2005). Effects of aging
and dementia on event perception and event memory. Abstracts of the Psychonomic Society,
10, 33.
2004
Lustig, C., Konkel, A. G., & Jacoby, L. L. (2004). Which route to recovery? Controlled retrieval
and accessibility bias in retroactive interference. Psychological Science, 15, 729-739.
Payne, B. K., Jacoby, L. L., & Lambert, A. J. (2004). Attitudes as accessibility bias: Dissociating
automatic and controlled components. In J. Bargh, J. Uleman, & R. Hassan (Eds.), The new
unconscious (pp. 393-420). London: Oxford University Press.
Payne, B. K., Jacoby, L. L., & Lambert, A. J. (2004). Memory monitoring and the control of
stereotype distortion. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, 52-64.
2003
Jacoby, L. L., Lindsay, D. S., & Hessels, S. (2003). Item-specific control of automatic
processes: Stroop process dissociations. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 10, 638-644.
Jennings, J. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (2003). Improving memory in older adults: Training
recollection. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 13, 417-440.
Lambert, A. J., Payne, B. K., Shaffer, L. M, Jacoby, L. L., Chasteen, A., & Khan, S. (2003).
Stereotypes as dominant responses: On the “social facilitation” of prejudice in anticipated
public contexts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8, 277-295.
Speer, N. K., Jacoby, L. L., & Braver, T. S. (2003). Strategy-dependent changes in memory:
Effects on behavior and brain activity. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 3,
155-167.
Velanova, K., Jacoby, L. L., Wheeler, M. E., McAvoy, M. P., Petersen, S. E., & Buckner, R. L.
(2003). Functional-anatomic correlates of sustained and transient components of controlled
processing engaged during episodic retrieval. Journal of Neuroscience, 23, 8460-8470.
2002
Payne, B. K., Lambert, A. J., & Jacoby, L. L. (2002). Best laid plans: Effects of goals on
accessibility bias and cognitive control in race-based misperceptions of weapons. Journal of
Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 384-396.
2001
Jacoby, L. L., Debner, J. A., & Hay, J. F. (2001). Proactive interference, accessibility bias, and
process dissociations: Valid subjective reports of memory. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27, 686-700.
Jacoby, L. L., Hessels, S., & Bopp, K. (2001). Proactive and retroactive effects in memory
performance: Dissociating recollection and accessibility bias. In H. L. Roediger, J. S. Nairne,
I. Neath, & A. M. Surprenant (Eds.), The nature of remembering: Essays in honor of Robert
G. Crowder (pp. 35-54). Washington, D. C.: American Psychological Association Press.
Jacoby, L. L., Marsh, E. J., & Dolan, P. O. (2001). Forms of bias: Age-related changes in
memory and cognition. In M. Naveh-Benjamin, M. Moscovitch, and R. L. Roediger, III,
(Eds.), Perspectives on Human Memory and Cognitive Aging: Essays in Honour of Fergus
Craik (pp. 240-252). East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press.
Jones, T. C., & Jacoby, L. L. (2001). Feature and conjunction errors in recognition memory:
Evidence for dual-process theory. Journal of Memory and Language, 45, 82-102.
Jones, T. C., Jacoby, L. L., & Gellis, L. A. (2001). Cross-modal feature and conjunction errors in
recognition memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 44, 131-152.
2000
Kelley, C. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (2000). Recollection and familiarity: Process-dissociation. In E.
Tulving & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of memory (pp. 215-228). London:
Oxford University Press.
1999
Hay, J. F., & Jacoby, L. L. (1999). Separating habit and recollection in young and elderly adults.
Effects of elaborative processing and distinctiveness. Psychology and Aging, 14, 122-134.
Hay, J. F., Smilek, D., Debner, J. A. & Jacoby, L. L. (1999). Effects of aging and contextspecificity on habit and recollection. Brain and Cognition, 39, 33-47.
Jacoby, L. L. (1999). Deceiving the Elderly: Effects of accessibility bias in cued-recall
performance. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 16, 417-436.
Jacoby, L. L. (1999). Ironic effects of repetition: Measuring age-related differences in memory.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 3-22.
Jacoby, L. L., Kelley, C. M., & McElree, B. D. (1999). The role of cognitive control: Early
selection vs late correction. In S. Chaiken & Y. Trope (Eds.), Dual-process theories in social
psychology (pp. 383-400). New York: Guilford.
Jacoby, L. L., McElree, B., & Trainham, T. N. (1999). Automatic influences as accessibility bias
in memory and Stroop-like tasks: Toward a formal model. In A. Koriat & D. Gopher (Eds.),
Attention and Performance XVII (pp. 461-486). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
McElree, B., Dolan, P. O., & Jacoby, L. L. (1999). Isolating the contributions of familiarity and
source information to item recognition: A time course analysis. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 563-582.
1998
Hay, J. F., Nordlie, J. W., & Jacoby, L. L. (1998). Assessing memory deficits in elderly adults:
Repetition errors, misattributions, and memory slips. In M. J. Intons-Peterson & D. L. Best
(Eds.), Challenges and controversies in applied cognition: Memory distortions and their
prevention (pp. 49-62). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Jacoby, L. L. (1998). Invariance in automatic influences of memory: Toward a user’s guide for
the process-dissociation procedure. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory,
and Cognition. 24, 3-26.
Jacoby, L. L., & Hay, J. F. (1998). Age-related deficits in memory: Theory and application. In
M. A. Conway, S. E Gathercole, & C. Cornoldi (Eds. ), Theories of memory (Vol. 2, pp. 111134). East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press, Ltd.
Jacoby, L. L., Jones, T. C., & Dolan, P. O. (1998). Two effects of repetition: Support for a dualprocess model of know judgments and exclusion errors. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 5,
705-709.
Kelley, C. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1998). Subjective reports and process dissociation: Fluency,
knowing, and feeling. Acta Psychologica, 98, 127-140.
1997
Jacoby, L. L., Begg, I. M., & Toth, J. P. (1997). In defense of functional independence:
Violations of assumptions underlying the process-dissociation procedure? Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 23, 484-495.
Jacoby, L. L., & Shrout, P. E. (1997). Toward a psychometric analysis of violations of the
independence assumption in process dissociation. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23, 505-510.
Jacoby, L. L., Yonelinas, A. P. & Jennings, J. (1997). The relation between conscious and
unconscious (automatic) influences. A declaration of independence. In J. Cohen & J. W.
Schooler (Eds.), Scientific approaches to consciousness (pp. 13-47). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Jennings, J. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1997). An opposition procedure for detecting age-related
deficits in recollection: Telling effects of repetition. Psychology and Aging, 12, 352-361.
Jones, T. C., & Jacoby, L. L. (1997, November). Feature and conjunction errors: Familiarity in
the absence of recollection. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic
Society, Philadelphia, PA.
Trainham, T., Lindsay, D. S., & Jacoby, L. L. (1997). Stroop process dissociations: Reply to
Hillstrom and Logan (1997). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and
Performance, 23, 1579-1587.
1996
Craik, F. I. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1996). Aging and memory: Implications for skilled
performance. In W. A. Rogers, A. D. Fisk, & N. Walker (Eds.), Aging and skilled
performance: Advances in theory and applications (pp. 113-137). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Hay, J. F., & Jacoby, L. L. (1996). Separating habit and recollection: Memory slips, process
dissociations and probability matching. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning,
Memory and Cognition, 22, 1323-1335.
Jacoby, L. L. (1996). Dissociating automatic and consciously-controlled effects of study/test
compatability. Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 32-52.
Jacoby, L. L., Jennings, J. M., & Hay, J. F. (1996). Dissociating automatic and consciously
controlled processes: Implications for diagnosis and rehabilitation of memory deficits. In D.
J. Herrmann, C. L. McEvoy, C. Hertzog, P. Hertel, & M. K. Johnson (Eds.), Basic and
applied memory research: Theory in context (Vol. 1, pp. 161-193). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Kelley, C. M. & Jacoby, L. L. (1996). Adult egocentrism: Subjective experience versus analytic
bases for judgment. Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 157-175.
Kelley, C. M. & Jacoby, L. L. (1996). Memory attributions: Remembering, knowing and
feeling of knowing. In L. M. Reder (Ed.), Implicit memory and metacognition (pp. 287307). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
McElree, B., Jacoby, L. L., & Dolan, P. (1996, November). Isolating familiarity and
recollective retrieval processes: A time-course analysis. Paper presented at the annual
meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Chicago, IL.
Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (1996). Noncriterial recollection: Familiarity as automatic,
irrelevant recollection. Consciousness and Cognition, 5, 131-141.
Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (1996). Response bias and the process dissociation
procedure. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 125, 422-434.
1995
Toth, J. P., Reingold, E. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1995). A response to Graf and Komatsu's (1994)
critique of the process-dissociation procedure: When is caution necessary? European
Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 7, 113-130.
Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (1995). Dissociating automatic and controlled processes in a
memory-search task: Beyond implicit memory. Psychological Research, 57, 156-165.
Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (1995). The relation between remembering and knowing as
bases for recognition: Effects of size congruency. Journal of Memory and Language, 34,
622-643.
Yonelinas, A. P., Regehr, G., & Jacoby, L. L. (1995). Incorporating response bias in a dualprocess theory of memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 34, 821-835.
1994
Da Costa, L. A., & Jacoby, L. L. (1994, November). Prior learning in a semantic memory task
as Stroop. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomics Society, St. Louis,
MO.
Debner, J. A., & Jacoby, L. L. (1994). Unconscious perception: Attention, awareness, and
control. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 20, 304317.
Jacoby, L. L. (1994). Measuring recollection: Strategic vs automatic influences of associative
context. In C. Umilta & M. Moscovitch (Eds.), Attention and performance XV (pp. 661679). Cambridge, MA: Bradford.
Jacoby, L. L., Bjork R. A., & Kelley, C. M. (1994). Illusions of comprehension, competence,
and remembering. In D. Druckman & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), Learning, remembering,
believing: Enhancing human performance (pp. 57-80). Washington, D.C.: National
Academy Press.
Jacoby, L. L., Toth, J. P., Yonelinas, A. P., & Debner, J. A. (1994). The relationship between
conscious and unconscious influences: Independence or redundancy? Journal of
Experimental Psychology: General, 123, 216-219.
Lindsay, D. S., & Jacoby, L. L. (1994). Stroop process dissociations: The relationship between
facilitation and interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception &
Performance, 20, 219-234.
Toth, J. P, Reingold, E. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1994). Towards a redefinition of implicit memory:
Process dissociations following elaborative processing and self-generation. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 20, 290-303.
Yonelinas, A. P., & Jacoby, L. L. (1994). Dissociations of processes in recognition memory:
Effects of interference and of response speed. Canadian Journal of Experimental
Psychology, 48, 516-534.
1993
Cermak, L. S., Verfaellie, M., Butler, T., & Jacoby, L. L. (1993). Attributions of familiarity in
amnesia: Evidence from a fame judgment task. Neuropsychology, 7, 510-518.
Cermak, L. S., Verfaellie, M., Letourneau, L., & Jacoby, L. L. (1993). Episodic effects on
picture identification for alcoholic Korsakoff patients. Brain & Cognition, 22, 85-97.
Dywan, J., Segalowitz, S. J., Henderson, D., & Jacoby, L. L. (1993). Memory for source after
traumatic brain injury. Brain & Cognition, 21, 20-43.
Hoffman, H. G., Jacoby, L. L., & Bosnyak, D. (1993, November). Process dissociation of
conformity: Separating perceptual from social influence. Paper presented at the annual
meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Washington, D.C.
Jacoby, L. L. (1993). Unintended influences of perception and memory: Attention, awareness,
and control. Canadian Psychology, 34, 156-157.
Jacoby, L. L., & Hay, J. (1993, November). Action slips, proactive interference, and probability
matching. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Washington,
D.C.
Jacoby, L. L., Ste-Marie, D., & Toth, J. P. (1993). Redefining automaticity: Unconscious
influences, awareness and control. In A. D. Baddeley & L. Weiskrantz (Eds.), Attention,
selection, awareness and control. A tribute to Donald Broadbent (pp. 261-282). London:
Oxford University Press.
Jacoby, L. L., Toth, J. P., & Yonelinas, A. P. (1993). Separating conscious and unconscious
influences of memory: Measuring recollection. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
General, 122, 139-154.
Jennings, J. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1993). Automatic versus intentional uses of memory: Aging,
attention, and control. Psychology & Aging, 8, 283-293.
Kelley, C. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1993, November). Separating the effects of prior knowledge
from recollection. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society,
Washington, D.C.
Ste-Marie, D. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1993). Spontaneous vs directed recognition: The relativity of
automaticity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 19,
777-788.
1992
Cermak, L. S., Verfaellie, M., Sweeney, M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1992). Fluency versus conscious
recollection in the word-completion performance of amnesic patients. Brain & Cognition,
20, 367-377.
Jacoby, L. L. (1992, November). Strategic versus automatic influences of memory: Attention,
awareness, and control. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society,
St. Louis, MO.
Jacoby, L. L., & Kelley, C. M. (1992). A process-dissociation framework for investigating
unconscious influences: Freudian slips, projective tests, subliminal perception and signal
detection theory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1, 174-179.
Jacoby, L. L., Levy, B. A., & Steinbach, K. (1992). Episodic transfer and automaticity:
Integration of data-driven and conceptually-driven processing in rereading. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 18, 15-24.
Jacoby, L. L., Lindsay, D. S., & Toth, J. P. (1992). Unconscious processes revealed: Attention,
awareness, and control. American Psychologist, 47, 802-809.
Jacoby, L. L., Toth, J. P., Lindsay, D. S., & Debner, J. A. (1992). Lectures for a layperson:
Methods for revealing unconscious processes. In R. Bornstein & T. Pittman (Eds.),
Perception without awareness (pp. 81-120). New York: Guilford Press.
Toth, J. P., Lindsay, D. S., & Jacoby, L. L. (1992). Awareness, automaticity, and memory
dissociations. In L. R. Squire & N. Butters (Eds.), Neuropsychology of memory (2nd ed.,
pp. 46-57). New York: Guilford.
1991
Jacoby, L. L. (1991). A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional
uses of memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 30, 513-541.
Jacoby, L. L., & Kelley, C. M. (1991). Unconscious influences of memory: Dissociations and
automaticity. In D. Milner & M. Rugg (Eds.), The neuropsychology of consciousness (pp.
201-233). London: Academic Press.
1990
Allen, S. W., & Jacoby, L. L. (1990). Reinstating study context produces unconscious
influences of memory. Memory & Cognition, 18, 270-278.
Dywan, J., & Jacoby, L. L. (1990). Effects of aging on source monitoring: Differences in
susceptibility to false fame. Psychology and Aging, 5, 379-387.
Jacoby, L. L., & Hollingshead, A. (1990). Toward a generate/recognize model of performance
on direct and indirect tests of memory. Journal of Memory and Language, 29, 433-454.
Jacoby, L. L., & Hollingshead, A. (1990). Reading student essays may be hazardous to your
spelling: Effects of reading incorrectly and correctly spelled words. Canadian Journal of
Psychology, 44, 345-358.
Jacoby, L. L., & Kelley, C. M. (1990). An episodic view of motivation: Unconscious influences
of memory. In E. T. Higgins & R. M. Sorrentino (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and
cognition (Vol. 2, pp. 451-481). New York: Guilford Press.
Jacoby, L. L., Marriott, M., & Collins, J. (1990). The specifics of memory and cognition. In T.
K. Srull & R. S. Wyer (Eds.), Advances in social cognition, Volume III: Content and
process specificity in the effects of prior experiences (pp. 111-121). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Kelley, C. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1990). The construction of subjective experience: Memory
attributions. Mind and Language, 5, 49-68.
Whittlesea, B. W. A., & Jacoby, L. L. (1990). Interaction of prime repetition with visual
degradation: Is priming a retrieval phenomenon? Journal of Memory and Language, 29,
546-565.
Whittlesea, B. W. A., Jacoby, L. L., & Girard, K. A. (1990). Illusions of immediate memory:
Evidence of an attributional basis for feelings of familiarity and perceptual quality. Journal
of Memory and Language, 29, 716-732.
1989
Hay, J. F., Nordlie, J. W. & Jacoby, L. L. (1989). Assessing memory deficits in elderly adults:
Repetition errors, misattributions, and memory slips. In D. L. Best & M. J. Intons-Peterson
(Eds.), Memory distortions and their prevention (pp. 43-62). Maywah, NJ: Lawrence
Erlbaum Assoc. Publ.
Hayman, C. A. G., & Jacoby, L. L. (1989). Specific word transfer as a measure of processing in
the word-superiority paradigm. Memory & Cognition, 17, 125-133.
Jacoby, L. L., Baker, J. G., & Brooks, L. R. (1989). Episodic effects on picture identification:
Implications for theories of concept learning and theories of memory. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15, 275-281.
Jacoby, L. L., Kelley, C. M., Brown, J., & Jasechko, J. (1989). Becoming famous overnight:
Limits on the ability to avoid unconscious influences of the past. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 56, 326-338.
Jacoby, L. L., Kelley, C. M., & Dywan, J. (1989). Memory attributions. In H. L. Roediger & F.
I. M. Craik (Eds.), Varieties of memory and consciousness: Essays in honour of Endel
Tulving (pp. 391-422). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Jacoby, L. L., & Whitehouse, K. (1989). An illusion of memory: False recognition influenced
by unconscious perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 126-135.
Jacoby, L. L., Woloshyn, V., & Kelley, C. M. (1989). Becoming famous without being
recognized: Unconscious influences of memory produced by dividing attention. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 115-125.
Kelley, C. M., Jacoby, L. L., & Hollingshead, A. (1989). Direct versus indirect tests of memory
for source: Judgments of modality. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning,
Memory, and Cognition, 15, 1101-1108.
1988
Jacoby, L. L. (1988). Memory observed and memory unobserved. In U. Neisser & E. Winograd
(Eds.), Remembering reconsidered: Ecological and traditional approaches to the study of
memory (pp. 145-177). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jacoby, L. L., Allan, L. G., Collins, J. C., & Larwill, L. K. (1988). Memory influences
subjective experience: Noise judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning,
Memory, and Cognition, 14, 240-247.
1987
Jacoby, L. L., & Hayman, G. A. (1987). Specific visual transfer in word identification. Journal
of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13, 456-463.
Jacoby, L. L., & Kelley, C. M. (1987). Unconscious influences of memory for a prior event.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 13, 314-336.
1986
Vokey, J. R., Baker, J. G., Hayman, G., & Jacoby, L. L. (1986). Perceptual identification of
visually degraded stimuli. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, Computers, 18, 1-9.
1985
Johnston, W. A., Dark, V. J., & Jacoby, L. L. (1985). Perceptual fluency and recognition
judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11, 311.
Norman, G. R., Tugwell, P., Feightner, J. W., Muzzin, L. J., & Jacoby, L. L. (1985).
Knowledge and clinical problem-solving. Medical Education, 19, 344-356.
1984
Jacoby, L. L. (1984). Incidental versus intentional retrieval: Remembering and awareness as
separate issues. In L. R. Squire & N. Butters (Eds.), Neuropsychology of memory (pp. 145156). New York: Guilford Press.
Jacoby, L. L. (1984). Tulving's view of memory: Wholes, discontinuities, and GAPS.
Contemporary Psychology, 29, 613-615.
Jacoby, L. L., & Brooks, L. R. (1984). Nonanalytic cognition: Memory, perception and concept
learning. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in
research and theory (Vol. 18, pp. 1-47). New York: Academic Press.
1983
Jacoby, L. L. (1983). Remembering the data: Analyzing interactive processes in reading.
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22, 485-508.
Jacoby, L. L. (1983). Perceptual enhancement: Persistent effects of an experience. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 9, 21-38.
1982
Cuddy, L. J., & Jacoby, L. L. (1982). When forgetting helps memory: An analysis of repetition
effects. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 21, 451-467.
Jacoby, L. L. (1982). Knowing and remembering: Some parallels in the behavior of Korsakoff
patients and normals. In L. S. Cermak (Ed.), Human memory and amnesia (pp. 97-122).
Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Jacoby, L. L., & Witherspoon, D. (1982). Remembering without awareness. Canadian Journal
of Psychology, 36, 300-324.
1981
Jacoby, L. L., & Dallas, M. (1981). On the relationship between autobiographical memory and
perceptual learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 3, 306-340.
1979
Craik, F. I. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1979). Elaboration and distinctiveness in episodic memory. In.
L. G. Nilsson (Ed.), Perspectives on memory research (pp. 145-166). Hillsdale, NJ:
Erlbaum.
Jacoby, L. L., & Craik, F. I. M. (1979). Effects of elaboration of processing at encoding and
retrieval: Trace distinctiveness and recovery of initial context. In L. S. Cermak and F. I. M.
Craik (Eds.), Levels of processing and human memory (pp. 1-21). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Jacoby, L. L., Craik, F. I. M., & Begg, I. (1979). Effects of decision difficulty on recognition
and recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 18, 586-600.
1978
Jacoby, L. L. (1978). On interpreting the effects of repetition: Solving a problem versus
remembering a solution. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 17, 649-667.
Jacoby, L. L., Bartz, W. H., & Evans, J. D. (1978). A functional approach to levels of
processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 4, 331346.
1976
Lockhart, R. S., Craik, F. I. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1976). Depth of processing, recognition and
recall: Some aspects of a general memory system. In J. Brown (Ed.), Recall and
recognition. London: Wiley.
1975
Craik, F. I. M., & Jacoby, L. L. (1975). A process view of short-term retention. In F. Restle, R.
N. Shiffrin, H. J. Castellan, M. R. Lindman & D. B. Pisoni (Eds.), Cognitive theory (Vol. 9,
pp. 173-192). Potomac, MD: Erlbaum.
Jacoby, L. L. (1975). Physical features vs meaning: A difference in decay. Memory &
Cognition, 3, 247-251.
1974
Gotz, A., & Jacoby, L. L. (1974). Encoding and retrieval processes in long-term retention.
Journal of Experimental Psychology, 102, 291-297.
Jacoby, L. L. (1974). The role of mental contiguity in memory: Registration and retrieval
effects. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13, 483-496.
1973
Jacoby, L. L. (1973). Encoding processes, rehearsal, and recall requirements. Journal of Verbal
Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12, 302-310.
Jacoby, L. L. (1973). Test appropriate strategies in retention of categorized lists. Journal of
Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12, 675-682.
Jacoby, L. L., & Goolkasian, P. (1973). Semantic vs acoustic coding: Retention and conditions
of organization. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12, 324-333.
Jacoby, L. L., & Hendricks, R. L. (1973). Recognition effects of study organization and test
context. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 100, 73-82.
1972
Jacoby, L. L. (1972). Effects of organization on recognition memory. Journal of Experimental
Psychology, 92, 325-331.
Jacoby, L. L. (1972). Context effects on frequency judgments of words and sentences. Journal
of Experimental Psychology, 94, 255-260.
Jacoby, L. L., & Bartz, W. H. (1972). Rehearsal and transfer to LTM. Journal of Verbal
Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11, 561-565.
1971
Radtke, R. C., Jacoby, L. L., & Goedel, G. D. (1971). Frequency discrimination as a function of
frequency of repetition and trials. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 89, 78-84.
1970
Jacoby, L. L., & Radtke, R. C. (1970). Effects of meaningfulness of relevant and irrelevant
stimuli in a modified concept formation task. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 83, 356358.
Radtke, R. C., McHewitt, E., & Jacoby, L. L. (1970). Number of alternatives and rate of
presentation in verbal discrimination learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 83,
179-181.
1969
Jacoby, L. L., & Radtke, R. C. (1969). Effects of contiguity and meaningfulness of relevant and
irrelevant attributes on concept formation. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81, 454-459.
McHose, J. H., & Jacoby, L. L. (1969). Incentive reduction: Increases in postreinforcement
detention and subsequent responding. Psychonomic Science, 14, 32-33.
1967
McHose, J. H., Jacoby, L. L., & Meyer, P. A. (1967). Extinction as a function of number of
reinforced trials and squad composition. Psychonomic Science, 9, 401-402.