Supplementary Figure Legends
Figure S1. The cortical extent (in red) of lesions in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
The medial, lateral, ventral and coronal extents of the lesions are shown when relevant.
The lesions are displayed on the 3D reconstruction of the postoperative MRI for Patients
F005, F006, F007, F008, F010 and F026; and on the standard Montreal Neurological
Institute (MNI) brain for Patients F001, F012, F018, F021 and F024. In the latter cases,
tracings of the lesions were used with MRIcro software [51] to display them on the MNI
brain. The lesions were divided according to whether they included the ventrolateral
prefrontal cortex (left VLPFC), the dorsomedial frontal region (left DMFC), both the
VLPFC and DMFC (VLPFC & DMFC), or spared both regions (Other FC). The scores in
percent correct for the three memory retrieval conditions are indicated at the right of each
lesion. The anatomical data were not available for Patient F023 (UC: 77.1; SC: 93.7; RM:
70.8).
Abbreviations: aalf, ascending anterior ramus of the lateral fissure; cc, corpus callosum;
cgs, cingulate sulcus; cs, central sulcus; DMFC, dorsomedial frontal cortex; FC, frontal
cortex; half, horizontal anterior ramus of the lateral fissure; ifs, inferior frontal sulcus;
ipcs, inferior post-central sulcus; iprs, inferior precentral sulcus; lf, lateral fissure; los,
lateral orbital sulcus; mos, medial orbital sulcus; olfs, olfactory sulcus; pcgs,
paracingulate sulcus; pmfs-p, posterior middle frontal sulcus – posterior; RM, recognition
memory condition; SC, stable context retrieval condition; sfs-a, superior frontal sulcus –
anterior; sfs-p, superior frontal sulcus – posterior; sprs, superior precentral sulcus; tos,
transverse orbital sulcus; TP, temporal pole; ts, triangular sulcus; UC, unstable context
retrieval condition; VLPFC, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex.
Figure S2. The cortical extent (in red) of lesions in the frontal lobe in the right
hemisphere and of the bilateral lesion. The medial, lateral, ventral and dorsal extents of
the lesions are shown when relevant. The lesions are displayed on the 3D reconstruction
of the postoperative MRI for Patients F009, F011 and F014; and on the standard MNI
brain for Patients F004, F016, F019, F020 and F027. In the latter cases, tracings of the
lesions were used with MRIcro software [51] to display them to the MNI brain. The
lesions were divided according to whether they included the VLPFC (right VLPFC; top
panel) or spared both the VLPFC and the DMFC (Other FC; bottom panel). The scores in
percent correct for the three memory retrieval conditions are indicated at the right of each
lesion. The anatomical data were not available for Patients F022 (UC: 89.6; SC: 93.7;
RM: 100) and F029 (UC: 64.8; SC: 62.5; RM: 83.3). The operation report for Patient
F015 specifies that she underwent a corticectomy of the mid-SMA on the medial aspect
of the superior frontal gyrus, extending 4 cm in the rostral-caudal axis and 2.5 cm in the
dorsal-ventral axis. She was therefore included in the Other FC group.
Abbreviations: imfs-h, intermediate middle frontal sulcus – horizontal; MFG, middle
frontal gyrus; pmfs-i, posterior middle frontal sulcus – intermediate; SFG, superior
frontal gyrus. See Fig S1 for remaining abbreviations.