2nd quarter
Biology Assessment
1. The principal chemical compound that living things use to store energy is
a. deoxyribonucleic acid
b. adenosine triphosphate
c. protein
d. organelles
2) Energy is release from ATP when
a. a phosphate group is removed
b. when a phosphate group is added
c. adenine bonds to ribose
d. ATP is exposed to sunlight
3) Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in
a. animal cells only
b. plant cells only
c. prokaryotic cells
d. all eukaryotic cells
4) Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?
a. glycolysis -> fermentation -> Krebs cycle
b. Krebs cycle -> electron transport -> glycolysis
c. glycolysis -> Krebs cycle -> electron transport
d. Krebs cycle -> glycolysis -> electron transport
5) Write a balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis. Identify the reactants and products.
Answer: 6CO2 + 6H2O
+ energy -->
C6H12O6 +
6O2
6) Which equation is the correct one for cell respiration?
a. 6CO2 + 6H2O
+ energy -->
C6H12O6
+
6O2
b. 6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
c. 6C6H12O6 + ATPs -> pyruvic acid + 6O2
7) What happens during photosynthesis?
a. heterotrophs consume ATP
1
b. heterotrophs produce ATP
c. autotrophs consume carbohydrates
d. autotrophs produce carbohydrates
8) If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant’s environment, what would you expect to happen to
its production of high-energy sugars?
a. more sugars will be produced
b. no sugars will be produced
c. the same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide
d. carbon dioxide does not affect the production of high-energy sugars in plants
9) Match the following biomolecules with their corresponding building block(s)
1. Protein _______ (D)
2. Carbohydrate _______ (C)
3. Lipids
_______
(A)
4. Nucleic Acids _______ (B)
a. Fatty Acid & Glycerol
b. Nucleotides
c. Monosaccharide
d. Amino Acids
10) Which statement is true?
a. monosaccharides are formed from polysaccharides
b. proteins are polymers of amino acids
c. nucleotides consist of fats, oils, and waxes
d. Lipids are generally soluble in water
Figure 1
2
11) In Figure 1, the pieces labeled A and T are nitrogenous bases. What kind of
macromolecule is shown? Label the other parts of the molecule indicated with arrows.
ANSWER: The diagram shows a nucleic acid (DNA). Students should label the pentagons
as 5-carbon sugars and the circles as phosphate groups.
12) Which of the following is not a function of proteins?
a. store and transmit genetic information
b. help to fight disease
c. control the rate of reactions
d. move substances into or out of cells
13) Living things use carbohydrates as their main source of
a. energy
b. building materials
c. sex hormones
d. insulation
14) Which of theses lipids is less healthy for you in your diet?
a. saturated
b. unsaturated
c. both are okay
d. neither is healthy for you
Figure 2
3
15. In Figure 2, how long does it take the blood glucose level of a person represented by
the dark line to return to a homeostatic value?
a. 1 hour
b. 2 hours
c. 3 hours
d. 4 hours
16) Which line in Figure 2 represents a person who may have diabetes?
a. light line
b. dark line
c. both lines
d. neither line
Figure 3
4
17) Figure 3 illustrates the hydrolysis of sucrose into fructose and glucose in the presence
of the enzyme sucrase (labeled “X” in the figure). If a person had a sucrase deficiency
a. they would be healthy
b. they would have a higher than normal body temperature
c. they would be unable to digest some carbohydrates
18) Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true?
a. enzymes work best at a specified pH
b. all enzymes have the same shape as their substrates
c. enzymes are proteins
d. the shape of an enzyme allows it to do its job
19) Which of the following IS NOT an essential roles that enzymes play in cells.
a. regulating chemical pathways
b. releasing information
c. transferring information
d. making materials that cells need
e. transmit hereditary information
Figure 4
5
20) Using figure 4, indicate which enzyme the statements below describe: enzyme X,
enzyme Y, both, or neither.
a. Which enzyme would you expect to find in a bacterium growing in a hot spring?
Answer: Y
b. Which enzyme would have the most activity in humans?
Answer: X
c. Which enzyme is active over the largest temperature range?
Answer: Y
21) According to Figure 4,, at what temperature do the two enzymes have the same amount
of activity?
a. 45⁰C
b. 40°C
c. 80°C
d. 70°C
22) According to Figure 4,, what are the optimum temperatures for each enzyme?
a. X = 45⁰C; Y = 40°C
b. X = 40°C; Y = 80°C
c. X = 80°C; Y = 40°C
d. X = 40°C; Y = 70°C
23) During diffusion, when the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is
the same, the molecules will
a.
move across the membrane to the outside of the cell.
6
b.
c.
d.
stop moving across the membrane.
continue to move across the membrane in both directions.
move across the membrane to the inside of the cell.
24) An animal cell with an internal salt concentration of 0.8% placed in a salt solution with
a concentration of 0.2% will burst because the osmotic pressure causes
a.
water to move into the cell.
b.
water to move out of the cell.
c.
solutes to move into the cell.
d.
solutes to move out of the cell.
25) Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?
a.
diffusion
b.
osmosis
c.
facilitated diffusion
d.
active transport
26) What would happen if a cell’s membrane became impermeable?
a. The cell would die because needed nutrients, such as food and water, could
not get inside the cell and wastes would accumulate inside the cell.
b. The cell would grow because needed nutrients, such as food and water, could get
inside the cell and wastes would accumulate inside the cell.
c. The cell would burst because needed nutrients, such as food and water, could get
inside the cell and wastes would accumulate inside the cell.
d. The cell would divide because needed nutrients, such as food and water, could not
get inside the cell and wastes would accumulate inside the cell.
27) Which organelles are involved in energy conversion?
a.
mitochondria and chloroplasts
b.
mitochondria and ribosomes
c.
smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum
d.
Golgi apparatus and chloroplasts
28) Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell?
a.
ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
b.
ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast
c.
endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi apparatus
d.
ribosome, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum
7
29) What distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell is the presence of
a. a cell wall
b. a nucleus
c. DNA
d. ribosomes
Figure 5
Cell A
Cell B
30) Which cell in this figure contains a structure that captures sunlight and converts it into
chemical energy?
Figure 6
8
31. When body temperature exceeds 37°C, the nerve cells in the skin and brain sense this
change and alert the temperature regulatory center in the brain. The temperature
regulatory center in the brain turns signals to the sweat glands throughout the body to
increase sweat production. As a result, body temperature falls below 37°C. Using the
vocabulary in figure 6, which of the following is the effector?
a. The body temperature rising too high
b. The nerve cells in the skin and brain
c. The temperature regulatory center in the brain
d. Sweat glands throughout the body
32. The example in problem 52 is what type of feedback loop?
a. positive
b. negative
Figure 7: A student put together the experimental setup shown below. The selectively
permeable membrane is permeable to water, but not the solute shown.
9
33. Using figure 7,, describe the movement of water in the experimental setup. What will
happen to the concentration of water over time?
a. Water will move from side A into Side B
b. Water will move from side B into Side A
c. Water will not move
d. Cannot be predicted.
34. What will the apparatus shown in Figure 7, look like when equilibrium is reached?
a. At equilibrium, Side A will have less water than Side B and the
concentration of solute molecules will be equal on either side of the
selectively permeable membrane.
b. At equilibrium, Side B will have less water than Side A and the concentration of
solute molecules will be equal on either side of the selectively permeable
membrane.
c. At equilibrium, Side A will have the same amount of water as Side B and the
concentration of solute molecules will be equal on either side of the selectively
permeable membrane.
d. Cannot be predicted
35) Overall, membranes seem to have a great deal in common, but on closer inspection it is
obvious that membranes of different cells have unique properties. What is the primary
component of membranes that gives membranes cell-specific properties?
a. phospholipids
b. proteins
c. cholesterol
10
d. nucleic acids
Figure 8: Cell Membrane
11
36) Match the following structures to their label in figure 8.
Structures
1. Phospholipid Bi-layer _______ (F)
Figure Label
I
2. Carrier Protein _______ (J)
F
3. Cholesterol _______ (I)
B
4. Receptor Protein _______ (B)
J
12